Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference

Vol.1 , 2-6 Nov. 2003 Access to the IES Annual Conference on IEEE XPLORE IE Transactions Home Page

1	"IECON'03. 29th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37468)," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. , 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Not Available
2	Cong Wang, B.K. Bose, V. Oleschuk, S. Mondal, J.O.P. Pinto, "Neural-network-based space-vector PWM of a three-level inverter covering overmodulation region and performance evaluation on induction motor drive," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 1- 6 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A multi-layer feedforward artificial neural-network (ANN) based implementation of space-vector pulse width modulation algorithm for a three-level voltage-fed inverter has been described in the paper that fully covers the undermodulation and overmodulation regions with linear transfer characteristics extending operation smoothly up to square-wave. The ANN, when implemented by dedicated application-specific IC chip, permits simple, fast and reliable operation far exceeding the capability of digital signal processor (DSP). The network receives the voltage magnitude and angular position of the command space vector at the input, and generates the digital words for switching times at the output that are then converted to symmetrical pulse widths for the three phases through simple logic circuits and a single timer. Several alternative ANN topologies have been proposed after successful training, and their structures and performances have been compared. The ANN-based modulator was then incorporated in induction motor drive systems with rotor flux-oriented indirect vector control, and the drive performances were evaluated extensively. In all the cases, performances were found to be excellent.
3	K.L. Shi, Hui Li, "Optimized random PWM strategy based on genetic algorithms," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 7- 11 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes an optimized random PWM method for voltage-controlled inverters. The optimized PWM method can achieve minimum total harmonics (THD) value in every cycle of the output frequency, while for traditional random PWM techniques, the instantaneous output harmonics per cycle are various with the random function changes. Therefore, the proposed method is especially beneficial to reduce instantaneous harmonics effect such as acoustic noise and harmonic loss. Simulation results verify that output voltage using the optimized PWM technique is superior to that based on the standard triangular PWM and conventional random PWM methods. A real-valued genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to realize the optimizing algorithm.
4	K. Borisov, A.M. Trzynadlowski, "Experimental investigation of a naval propulsion drive model with PWM-based attenuation of the acoustic and electromagnetic noise," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 12- 17 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An extensive experimental investigation of a 40-hp ac drive has been conducted with respect to mitigation of the acoustic and electromagnetic noise, and vibration, by means of randomized pulse width modulation employed in the drive's inverter. The drive was a laboratory model of an electric propulsion system for naval vessels, particularly electric submarines, in which the noise mitigation is crucial for survivability. Three PWM methods were used. The deterministic PWM is characterized by a constant switching frequency equal to the sampling frequency of the digital modulator. In the known random PWM, RPWM I, technique, the switching and sampling periods vary simultaneously in a random manner. Finally, in the novel, RPWM II, method, the sampling frequency is constant, while the switching frequency randomly varies about an average value equal to the sampling frequency. Spectral properties of the three PWM techniques are described in the paper. The experimental results have confirmed the noise and vibration mitigating properties of random pulse width modulation. The technically convenient RPWM II technique is only marginally less effective than the classic RPWM I strategy. Conclusions drawn from the described study are also valid for industrial ac drives.
5	Sanmin Wei, Bin Wu, R. Cheung, "A novel SVM algorithm for reducing oscillations in cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 18- 23 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Cascaded H-bridge inverters have been selected as one of the preferred power converter topologies for high-voltage, high-power applications. However, undesired oscillations could occur in the H-bridge inverter drive system particularly under light load conditions, which would cause high voltage or current stress on the motor and inverter. In this paper, the mechanism of the oscillations is analyzed and a novel mitigation method is proposed. The mitigation involves a simple inverter output voltage adjustment in the space vector PWM control in real time, such that the oscillation loop would be broken, leading to effective suppression of the oscillations. The proposed method features simple algorithm and easy implementation requiring only one voltage measurement per phase for any level H-bridge inverter. Simulation and experimental results are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the method.
6	M.M. Prats, L.G. Franquelo, J.I. Leon, R. Portillo, E. Galvan, J.M. Carrasco, "A SVM-3D generalized algorithm for multilevel converters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 24- 29 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel three dimensional space vector algorithm of multilevel converters for compensating harmonics and homopolar component in system with neutral is presented. This generalized method provides an online computation of the nearest switching vectors sequence to the reference vector and calculates the on-state durations of the respective switching state vectors without involving trigonometric functions, look-up tables or coordinate system transformations which increase the computational load corresponding to the modulation of multilevel converters. The low computational cost of the proposed method is always the same and it is independent of the number of levels of the converter. The conventional 2D space vector algorithms are particular cases of the proposed generalized modulation algorithm. The algorithm provides the switching sequence that minimizes the total harmonic distortion and the commutation number of the semiconductor devices.
7	Shuo Chen, Wai Tung Ng, "High-efficiency operation of high-frequency DC/DC conversion for next-generation microprocessors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 30- 35 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Fixed-switching-frequency current-mode-controlled zero-voltage-switching quasi-square-wave (ZVS-QSW) buck DC/DC converter was developed to address the challenges of powering next-generation high-end data processors. Aiming at integration, this paper presents a series of design techniques, such as current-conveyor-based Sense-FET current sensing, and accurate dead-time control using delay-locked loop with fast dead-time error rejection for soft-switching realization, etc. These solutions collectively minimize switching losses, maximize efficiency thus allow high switching frequency operations with lowest voltage stress on power devices, less noise, while providing improved transient performance and convenience for paralleling multi-phase converters.
8	T. Senanayake, T. Ninomiya, "An improved topology of inductor-switching DC-DC converter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 36- 41 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Improved version of inductor-switching fast-response DC-DC converter is presented that will provide the requirements and features of the new generation of microprocessor and digital systems. Lower output voltage, higher output current and smaller output voltage ripple requirements have greatly increased the difficulty of the power supply design. To further burden the problem, power saving "stop-clock" modes of the microprocessor has demanded faster and more stable transient response from the DC-DC converter. A novel method of inductor-switching is applied to a DC-DC converter, and it provides the prominent features of current amplification and absorption during the heavy burden load transients. The design and simulation of the concept is verified by experiment of 12V input and 3.3V/30A output converter.
9	Hong Mao, Songquan Deng, J.A. Abu-Qahoup, Yangyang Wen, Issa Batarseh, "An active-clamp snubber for isolated half-bridge DC-DC converters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 42- 48 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In the conventional isolated half-bridge DC-DC converter, the leakage-inductance-related losses degrade the converter efficiency and limit the increase of the converter switching frequency. A novel active-clamp circuit is proposed to recycle the energy stored in the leakage inductance and thus improves the converter efficiency. By transferring the energy in the leakage inductance to a capacitor, the leakage inductance energy is recycled. Moreover, the proposed active-clamp circuit avoids the body diodes conduction of primary-side switches. Hence the body diodes conduction and reverse-recovery losses are eliminated. The principles of operation and simulation results are presented. The experimental results show the proposed active-clamp circuit improves the efficiency of the half-bridge DC-DC converter.
10	K. Suzuoka, S. Moisseev, L. Gamage, K. Soshin, K. Nishida, M. Nakaoka, "Boost transformer linked full bridge soft-commutation DC-DC power converter with secondary-side phase-shifted PWM rectifier switches," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 49- 54 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel circuit topology of a voltage source type zero voltage soft-switching full bridge inverter DC-DC power converter with an isolated high-frequency transformer link this power converter incorporates zero-current soft-switching (ZCS) mode phase-shifted PWM active power switches in series with diode into two diode arms of full-bridge rectifier or center-tapped rectifier in transformer secondary-side. This isolated DC-DC power converter circuit can achieve ZVS/ZVT transition commutation for non-controlled active power switches in the primary side of transformer and ZCS/ZCT transition commutation for phase-shifted PWM active power switches in the secondary side of transformer, which can operate under wide load variations from a light load to a heavy load as well as a condition of PWM voltage regulation strategy.
11	C.Y. Inaba, Y. Konishi, H. Tanimatsu, Y. Ishigami, M. Nakaoka, "Passive resonant snubber-assisted two-switch flyback converter with auxiliary pulse transformer for energy recovery," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 55- 59 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a two-switch high frequency flyback transformer linked zero voltage soft switching PWM DC-DC power converter implemented in distributed power conditioning supplies is proposed. This DC-DC power converter circuit is mainly composed of two active power switches and a flyback high frequency transformer. In addition to this, two passive lossless resonant snubbers with pulse current regeneration loops for energy recovery, consisting of a three winding auxiliary high frequency transformer, auxiliary capacitors and diodes are introduced to achieve zero voltage soft switching from light to full load conditions. Furthermore, this DC-DC power converter has some advantages such as low cost circuit configuration, simple control scheme and high efficiency. Its operating principle is described and discussed here. To determine circuit parameters, some practical design considerations are discussed. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed soft switching PWM DC-DC power converter is evaluated and compared with its equivalent hard switching PWM power DC-DC converter from an experimental point of view.
12	M. Hasegawa, Y. Kono, K. Matsui, "Robust adaptive full-order observer design based on /spl gamma/-positive real problem for speed sensorless vector controlled induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 60- 65 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a design of a robust adaptive full-order observer based on /spl gamma/-positive real problem for sensorless vector controlled induction motors. The adaptive full-order observer is known to become unstable in a major part of regenerating-mode and low-speed region, and this prevents the sensorless vector controller from operating an induction motor successfully. In this paper, designs of a observer gain and adaptive schemes based on /spl gamma/-positive real problem are proposed. Firstly, the error system of the adaptive full-order observer is reconsidered, requirements of adaptive full-order observer with stator resistance identifier are described. Next, in order to satisfy all requirement of the robust adaptive observer, the designs of the observer gain and adaptive schemes for speed and stator resistance are shown. Finally, several experimental results show the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed design strategy.
13	Tae-Sik Park, Eun-Chul Shin, Won-Hyun Oh, Ji-Yoon Yoo, "Robust speed control for torsional vibration suppression of rolling mill drive system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 66- 71 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a novel robust torsional vibration suppression control scheme is proposed for the rolling mill drive system. We propose the torsional vibration suppression controller that consists of reduced order state feedback controller and PI controller; the motor speed and the observed torsional torque are fed back. Using the estimated mechanical parameters by off-line RLS (Recursive Least Square) algorithms, we design the speed controller for torsional vibration suppression and its gains are determined using the Kharitonov robust control theory. The Kharitonov robust control theory can obtain the robust stability with a specific stability margin and a damping limit. Even if the parameters are varied within some specific limit, it guarantees high performance of vibration suppression. The effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed schemes are verified with the simulation and the experimental results on the fully digitalized 5.5 kW rolling mill drive system.
14	Hong-Hee Lee, Eui-Heon Jung, Kwan-Su Kim, "Robust induction motor control on network-based control systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 72- 76 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In network-based distributed control systems, it is important to compensate the problem due to the transport delay especially in multi-motor driving systems. This paper deals with the robust controller design of the induction motor control scheme which can be applicable to time delay systems such as network-based control systems. The approach taken in this paper assumes that the induction motors are driven with a field orientation control algorithm through the control network. In this paper, to overcome the performance degradation due to transport delay, we have used a memoryless controller. Simulation results are given to prove the control performance.
15	K. Jezernik, G. Edelbaher, "Sliding mode speed observer of induction motor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 77- 82 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a new approach to the estimation of the induction motor speed from the measured terminal voltages and currents for speed sensorless sliding mode torque and flux control. The produced torque is explicitly continuous output variable of control. The magnitude and orientation angle of the induction motor's rotor flux are determined by the output of the sliding mode closed loop flux observer based on the estimation of the extended electromotive force. The described technique is very simple and robust to variations of motor parameters. Furthermore, pure integration of sensed variables, in principle, is not required at all. Therefore, this new method can achieve much wider bandwidth speed control then previous speed sensorless drives. The effectiveness is verified by simulations and experiments.
16	Wang Limei, Guo Qingding, "H/sub /spl infin// control of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor based on internal model theory," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 83- 86 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a H/sub /spl infin// speed controller based on internal model theory. The output point mixed sensitivity method is adopted to restrain the disturbance of servo system and guarantee the robust stability. A proximate internal model is introduced into disturbance path when solving the standard H/sub /spl infin// control problem. It can simplify the design and satisfy the requirement of servo performance. A H/sub /spl infin// load disturbance observer is designed which achieves the disturbance cancellation and guarantees robust stability. Simulation results show that the system has improved performance by the methods proposed in this paper.
17	J.B. Ennis, B.M. Song, A.H. Bushnell, R.A. Cooper, J. Jichetti, F. MacDougall, R. McDowell, B. Andermatt, J. Bates, "Custom design of components and power supplies for pulsed power systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 87- 92 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an overview of custom design requirements for components and power supplies used in pulsed power systems as well as some interesting examples. Various custom design criteria for energy storage capacitors, energy-absorbing resistors, high current fuses, and capacitor charging power supplies are described. In addition, specially designed components are characterized through both simulation and experimental measurements for pulse power system applications.
18	K. Whitham, "What is wrong with line-type modulators?," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 93- 95 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A number of architectures for modulators have been generated since the line-type modulator was developed. Each design approach offers advantages and disadvantages for a given application. Recent designed architectures include IGBT-switched capacitor banks, IGBT-switched induction adders, and IGBT-switched fractional turn transformers. This paper takes a brief look at these three modulator approaches, briefly describes them, considers their relative advantages and disadvantages, compares them with an SCR switched PFN, and attempts to answer the question: What is wrong with line-type modulators?.
19	W.A. Reass, D.M. Baca, J.D. Doss, R.F. Gribble, "Design technology of high-voltage multi-megawatt polyphase resonant converter modulators," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 96- 101 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Los Alamos has developed a new methodology and technique to generate high voltages (pulse or "DC") with a high average power, from a low voltage input source (e.g. +/-1.2 kV). We are using this recently developed technology for the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accelerator klystron RF amplifier system. These klystrons operate up to 140 kV, 11 MW pulses with a 1.1 MW average power. The technology is easily scalable to other performance regimes whether pulsed or DC. The polyphase resonant converter-modulator borrows many components from the traction motor industry such as Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT's) and self-clearing metallized hazy polypropylene capacitors. The use of "large" cut-core amorphous nanocrystalline transformer alloy (also developed for this effort) permits high power, high frequency (20 kHz) conversion techniques with low loss and extremely small size. Other techniques engineered for the converter-modulator topology are polyphase resonant voltage multiplication and resonant rectification. These techniques additionally reduce system size and improve electrical efficiency. The nanocrystalline boost transformers are wound for leakage inductance not turns ratio. The secondary windings generate multiple volts per turn as compared to the primary. This is not typical of pervious power transformer techniques. With the appropriate resonant conditions, significantly reduced IGBT switch losses result due to the zero-voltage-switching characteristics. Additionally, because of the resonant conversion techniques, "crowbars" and other load protective networks are not required. A shorted load de-tunes the resonance and little power transfer can occur. This provides for a high-power and high-voltage system that is inherently self-protective, with fault "ride-through" capabilities. To provide regulated voltages, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) of the individual 20 kHz IGBT pulses is used to regulate the output voltage. A Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is used to control the IGBT's with feedback and adaptive feedforward control learning algorithms that improve pulse fidelity. The converter-modulator has many attributes that make it attractive to various high power and high voltage applications. This paper will rev- iew the design as used for the SNS accelerator and examine in detail the design techniques and high-average-power performance.
20	Jong-Hyun Kim, Sang-Cheol Lee, Byoung-Kuk Lee, S.V. Shenderey, Jong-Soo Kim, Geun-Hie Rim, "A high-voltage bi-polar pulse generator a using push-pull inverter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 102- 106 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a fast high voltage bi-polar pulse generator using push-pull inverter is proposed. The proposed pulse system consists of a thyristor rectifier, a DC link, a push-pull resonant inverter, a high voltage transformer, a secondary capacitor, a high voltage IGBT and diode stack, and a variable capacitor. The proposed system generates bi-polar high voltage sinusoidal waveform using resonance between the leakage inductance of the transformer and the secondary capacitor and transfers energy to output load at the maximum level of the secondary capacitor voltage. Compared to the previous bi-polar high voltage pulse power supplies using nonlinear transmission line, the proposed pulse power system has dominant advantages, such a flexibilities of output voltage (pulse width, PRR, and pulse rising time) and high efficiency due to the use of only semiconductor switches. The theoretical operational principle will be described in detail and key experimental results will be provided to verify the validity of the proposed system.
21	G.-H. Rim, S. Shenderey, "Series connection of thyristors with only one active driver for pulsed power generation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 107- 116 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: One of the key issues in high-voltage pulsed power generation is switch technology. There are several switch options for high-power single pulse applications such as TVS (triggered vacuum switches), arc gap switches, thyratrons and ignitrons. However, in high frequency pulsed power applications semiconductor switches are more preferable despite of their limit of di/dt and dv/dt due to their lifetime and ease of control circuitry. To explore some of the thyristor characteristics for pulsed power applications, a series connection scheme with only active one driver is proposed. A thyristor stack for l0kV has been designed and built for experimental verification using ten (1,200 V, 40A made by EUPEC) thyristors. This paper contains the descriptions on the stack configurations, component parameters and dynamic and static behaviors of the thyristor switches.
22	P. Jose, N. Mohan, "A novel ZVS bidirectional Cuk converter for dual voltage systems in automobiles," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 117- 122 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The automotive industry is heading towards a higher electrical voltage system of 42 V for next generation vehicles. In the interim, there will be dual voltage systems which would require a bi-directional dc-dc converter to regulate power flow between the 42 V and 14 V buses. Cuk converter with integrated magnetics has the advantage of zero ripple in both input and output currents, and also can handle power in both directions. This paper proposes a simple zero voltage switching scheme for the Cuk converter using only passive components. ZVS is effective at all loads, including reverse power flow, and thus improves the overall converter efficiency. The paper discusses the design methodology for the zero-ripple converter and the synthesis of the ZVS scheme. Computer simulations are used to verify the design.
23	M. Hortman, D.G. Taylor, "Nonlinear observer-based speed control of a synchronous reluctance motor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 123- 128 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a design for a closed-loop sensorless control scheme for a synchronous reluctance motor. The sensorless controller operates in an estimated dq reference frame and is a combination of an input/output linearization speed controller and a full order nonlinear observer. The control scheme is implemented in the laboratory using a real-time DSP, a three-phase inverter, and a 100 watt motor. The implementation does not require measurement of the motor terminal voltage and, instead, relies on compensation for the nonideal behavior of the inverter. Experimental results show successful tracking of a varying speed command.
24	A. Nied, I.S. Seleme, G.G. Parma, B.R. de Menezes, "On-line training algorithms for an induction motor stator flux neural observer," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 129- 134 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This work presents a neural network based stator flux observer. Although the network topology is a standard multilayer perceptron network, the training algorithms are new. This paper presents two on-line training algorithms, which are based on Variable Structure Systems (VSS) theory and Sliding Mode Control (SMC). The resulting observer shows good convergence velocity and robustness with respect to the induction motor parameters for both training algorithms tested.
25	Seong-Ho Song, Jeom-Keun Kim, Seon-Woo Lee, Yoon-Tae Im, "Robust adaptive control of uncertain nonlinear systems via disturbance observer techniques," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 135- 139 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with robust control problems for nonlinear systems with matched uncertainties. In order to handle the uncertainties, the uncertainties are considered as disturbances. First, a disturbance observer is designed and the uncertainties can be rejected by subtracting these estimated values of disturbances from the plant input. Since the disturbance observer is a kind of low-pass filter, it has inevitably estimation errors. To get rid of the effects of these errors, the additional control should be applied. This additional control input is designed using adaptive control scheme. The unknown disturbance error bounds are estimated by adaptive parameter estimation methods and then the control input is calculated using these estimate values. But the control input needs to be switched on the sliding surface and provokes a chattering phenomenon. The control method suggested in this paper can, however, reduce the chattering phenomenon as small as possible by using large disturbance observer gain because the magnitude of the switching control input is dependent on the disturbance estimation errors which are decided by the accuracy of the designed disturbance observer.
26	Jen-Te Yu, Jie Chang, "A new adaptive backstepping design for motion control systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 140- 144 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new adaptive backstepping motion control system design is proposed. The closed loop system can be formulated as a linear-nonlinear cascaded system, with a linear time-invariant plant in the feedforward loop and a nonlinear element in the feedback loop, whose content is the second time derivative of the given reference position signal. The system can adapt itself to operational, system and/or environmental variations. One of the advantages of the new design is that it links system gain tuning with the variations explicitly and quantitatively. The effectiveness of the system is verified by an existing experiment.
27	Xu DianGuo, Li Yunfeng, Shi Jingzhuo, Zhang Qiuye, "Parameter identification for no-coupling SACS motor testing," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 145- 149 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper analyzes the disadvantages of the conventional testing system for the single-phase AC series-excited motor (SACSM), introduces a kind of no-coupling motor testing system. The paper studies on one of the basic problems of the no-coupling testing system: that is the parameter identification during the motor testing. The method to solve this problem based on genetic algorithm is worked out, a kind of new genetic algorithm based on the social hierarchic rank is put forward which adopts the idea that reduces searching scope of genes according to individual fitness. The experiments show that the algorithm can optimize parameters of motor effectively to match with production speed.
28	Jong-Wook Kim, Su Jin Kim, Sang Woo Kim, "Parameter identification of induction motors using dynamic encoding algorithm for searches (DEAS)," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 150- 155 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An induction motor is one of the most popular electrical apparatuses due to its simple structure and robust construction. Parameter identification of the induction motor has long been researched either for a vector control technique or fault detection. In this paper, a recently developed optimization algorithm is applied to the identification of whole unknown parameters in the mathematical equations of an induction motor with normal operating data. Despite low quality persistence excitation conditions in load perturbations, trends of identified parameters validate the reliability of a proposed approach.
29	M.A.A. Freitas, D.A. Andrade, H. de Paula, J.L. Domingos, "A novel rotor flux estimator for vector-controlled induction motor drives," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 156- 161 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This work presents a new method for rotor flux estimation in vector controlled induction motors. Only the acquisition of stator currents and rotor speed are required and there is no need for coordinate transformation. It has a simple conception and is therefore attractive for real time implementations in microprocessor-based systems. Algorithms to compensate for the rotor time constant variation as well as magnetic circuit saturation are incorporated giving the overall control system a good degree of independence on these parameters. The estimator was analysed in different conditions of operation and the results were found to be very good.
30	I. Ando, M. Sato, M. Sazawa, K. Ohishi, "High efficient parallel-connected induction motor speed control with unbalanced load condition using one inverter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 162- 167 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Recently, the parallel speed control of two induction motors, which uses only one inverter, has been proposed by the vector control method. However, the conventional control method does not consider both the efficiency of the motor control and the condition of different load torque to each induction motor (IM). This paper proposes a new high efficient parallel speed control method of two induction motors on condition of different load torque, which is based on non-linear programming method. The non-linear programming method requires the information on load torque and speed reference. Each load torque is estimated by disturbance observer and current simulator. The IM drive system requests only speed sensor such as rotary encoder. Hence, it has no current sensor and no voltage sensor. Moreover, this paper discusses the condition of low-resolution rotary encoder, such as 60pulse/rev. The numerical simulation results point out that both induction motors keep the nearly same speed control performance with high efficiency in steady state and the transient state on condition of different load torque.
31	M.M. Ismail, H.A. Abdel Fattah, A. Bahgat, "Adaptive input-output linearization of induction motors with magnetic saturation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 168- 173 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The problem of controlling induction motor with magnetic saturation is addressed from an input-output feedback linearization perspective. The induction motor /spl pi/-model is considered. An adaptive input-output feedback linearizing controller is developed under the assumption of measurable states but unknown rotor resistance and load torque, which are both online estimated by the controller. Simulation results are provided for illustration.
32	D.A. Andrade, J.L. Domingos, M.A.A. Freitas, H. De Paula, "Simulation of the LSRM dynamics comprising four-quadrant operation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 174- 179 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This work presents a drive strategy for linear motion switched reluctance motor. Constructive aspects as well as design issues of a built prototype are presented. Static characteristics of inductance versus position and force versus position are obtained experimentally. A mathematical model is developed and used for dynamic simulations. Winding inductance profile used in the mathematical model is obtained with Fourier series representation. A control strategy that allows four-quadrant operation is proposed. Simulations of the motor operation under this strategy are carried out including starting, speed control, and speed reversal. The results shown indicate a good operational versatility from the proposed strategy.
33	T. Yokoyama, M. Horiuchi, S. Shimogata, "Instantaneous deadbeat control for PWM inverter using FPGA based hardware controller," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 180- 185 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new approach for real time digital feedback control of PWM inverter is proposed, in which an ideal instantaneous deadbeat control is realized without any sampling compensation method using FPGA based hardware controller. Deadbeat control ensures the state variables matches at each sampling instants for every sampling period. Generally this kind of control system is realized based on DSP based software controller, so some kind of sampling compensation technique is necessary because the state variables at kth sampling instant cannot be used for control outputs at kth control period. In this paper, a novel approach to realize the ideal dead-beat control using FPGA based hardware controller is proposed. The FPGA based hardware controller enables to realize almost ideal real time digital feedback controller because of its capability to realize very fast calculation of the control method with is a few /spl mu/ second. As the result, the state variables at kth sampling instant can be used for the control output at kth sampling interval, the real time digital feedback control can be realized without any sampling compensation. From the view point of UPS applications, the advantages and the disadvantages are discussed through simulations and experiments, the superiority of the proposed control law is verified.
34	Seong-Jeub Jeon, F.C. Lee, "Three control strategies for a three-leg AC-DC converter under unbalanced AC voltage condition," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 186- 191 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Three control strategies that can be applied to a three-phase AC-DC converter under unbalanced input voltage condition are discussed. Analytic solutions are given on the a-b-c frame, and are very simple, direct and intuitive. All of the strategies guarantee sinusoidal input currents. The first strategy maintains unity input power factor per phase, the second one maintains constant instantaneous power, and the last one supplies maximum power within the current rating of the converter. One or more strategies can be chosen according to the situation. All the control functions, including decoupled current control and PWM, are implemented on the a-b-c frame. It is shown that most modern PWM schemes can be realized in the time domain, namely on the a-b-c frame, by slightly modifying SPWM. Accordingly, the controller is very simple and robust. The proposal is verified by simulation and experiments on a prototype operating at 15 kHz.
35	A.J. Arriagada, J.R. Espinoza, J.R. Rodriguez, L.A. Moran, "On-line filtering reactance identification in voltage-source three-phase active-front-end rectifiers," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 192- 197 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: PWM voltage-source three-phase active-front-end rectifiers are a well established alternative in adjustable speed drives. They allow near sinusoidal input currents and thus near unity power factor while providing the active power required by the load. Moreover, recently introduced control strategies allow these topologies compensate reactive power while controlling the active power. The performance of the topology depends upon the appropriate operation of the line inductances that are required as ac filters by the topology. Such line inductors are under severe working conditions as PWM type of voltage waveforms are applied across it. This will eventually lead to deviation of the nominal inductance values and hence control strategies will not longer operate as designed. Particularly, the presence of non characteristics harmonics is produced. This paper presents an alternative to on-line identification of the ac inductors values that can be used for diagnosis purposes of the ac filter status and by the control strategy in order to compensate their negative effects.
36	F. Rashidi, M. Rashidi, A. Kermanpour, "Applying a novel control strategy to three phase boost rectifiers," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 198- 201 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In recent years, three-phase boost rectifiers, due to their high efficiency, good current quality and low EMI emissions are widely used in industry as power factor correction (PFC) converters. Performance criteria of these converters significantly improve with increasing the switching frequency, and highly depend on the control strategy used. This paper presents a new approach to control of three phase boost rectifiers. The proposed method is a hybrid of wavelet and neural network (WNN). Simulation results show that this control strategy is very robust, flexible and also the response of the system is very fast. With applying WNN to the three-phase boost rectifier, the system under control will has unity power factor, sinusoidal input currents and regulated output voltage.
37	S.L. Capecce, C. Cecati, N. Rotondale, "A new three-phase active rectifier based on power matching modulation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 202- 207 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper a new control technique for active rectifiers is proposed. The traditional voltage-based control is replaced by a novel capacitor-energy-based control. A new modulation technique (PMM) is developed. Two different implementations are presented: the former uses two current sensors and one voltage sensor, the latter only a dc-bus voltage sensor. The proposed method has been successfully tested by means of simulations and experiments demonstrating, in both configurations, its ability to guarantee output voltage regulation, unity power factor and low harmonic content.
38	E. Levi, A. Iqbal, S.N. Vukosavic, H.A. Toliyat, "Modeling and control of a five-phase series-connected two-motor drive," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 208- 213 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper deals with a two-motor five-phase drive system with series connection of stator windings. Introduction of an appropriate phase transposition in the series connection leads to a complete decoupling of the flux/torque producing currents of one machine from the flux/torque producing currents of the second machine. Consequently, independent vector control of the two machines becomes possible, while using a single current-controlled five-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) as the supply. The drive system modeling and control are elaborated in the paper. A novel model of the complete drive and an associated vector control scheme are developed. Performance of the drive is investigated by simulation, using a detailed drive model. Both the concept of the drive and the approach to modeling and control are fully verified.
39	Jin Zhao, B.K. Bose, "Membership function distribution effect on fuzzy logic controlled induction motor drive," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 214- 219 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper investigates systematically the effect of membership function distribution in the fuzzy control of an induction motor drive. Triangular type membership function has been considered only in all the studies. In the beginning, even or symmetrical membership functions have been used with increasing number of fuzzy sets for all the variables. Then, asymmetrical (both convergent and divergent types) membership functions have been used in sequence for the fuzzy variables. Finally, asymmetrical membership functions with different degrees of asymmetry have been mixed for all the variables with the objective of achieving optimum performance of fuzzy control. In all these cases, fuzzy control performance has been evaluated extensively for a speed-controlled induction motor drive with indirect vector control in the inner loop.
40	A. Tripathi, A.M. Khambadkone, S.K. Panda, "Dynamic torque control performance of the Direct Flux Control scheme in field weakening range," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 220- 225 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: At high angular velocity, the induction motor is operated in the field weakening range due to voltage limit of the inverter. Field oriented vector control is unsuitable for this operation due to coupling, non-linearities and saturation of linear current controllers. Proposed Direct Flux Control scheme does not use current controllers to achieve dynamic torque control. Vector control of the stator flux vector allows for dynamic change in torque in all regions, including field weakening with six-step operation. This paper describes the dynamic torque control by using stator flux vector magnitude change and it's angular velocity. Such control is carried out by using fixed switching frequency dead-beat control of stator flux. The method is demonstrated experimentally.
41	J. Dixon, A. Breton, F. Rios, L. Moran, "High power machine drive, based on three-stage connection of "H" converters, and active front end rectifiers," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 226- 231 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A three-stage inverter using "H" converters is being analyzed for high power machine drive applications. The great advantage of this kind of converter is the minimum harmonic distortion obtained at the machine side. The drawbacks are the isolated power supplies required for each one of the three stages of the multiconverter. In this paper this problem has been overcome in two ways: 1) by using independent windings for each phase of the motor, or 2) by using independent input transformers. Special configurations and combinations of passive rectifiers and active front end rectifiers for one of the stages of the drive are used to eliminate all input harmonics. The topology can also keep unity power factor at the input terminals. Simulation results are shown and some experiments with small four-stage prototypes are displayed. The control of this multi-converter is being implemented using DSP controllers, which give flexibility to the system.
42	S. Kwak, H.A. Toliyat, "Comparison and assessment of current-source-inverter-fed induction motor drive systems with unity power factor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 232- 237 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Current-source based rectifier/inverter topologies are used in medium and high power ac drive applications due to their inherent merits over voltage-source based topologies. For current-source based ac drive applications, unity power factor in the utility lines can be achieved through two approaches: one with a PWM current source rectifier (PWM-CSR) and the other using a thyristor rectifier in parallel with an active filter. Despite numerous publications for the two drive systems, the features and advantages between them have not been clearly explained. This paper in detail presents the theoretical analysis and mathematical derivations for the two topologies, from the point of view of converter kVA ratings, switch ratings, input/dc-link reactive component designs, and dc-link current/voltage level requirements. Based on these criteria, the two drive systems are systematically compared.
43	M. Rathi, N. Bhiwapurkar, N. Mohan, "Dual voltage controller based Power Factor Correction circuit for faster dynamics and zero steady state error," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 238- 242 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper analyzes dual voltage controllers for single-phase Power Factor Correction(PFC) Circuits using boost topology. The proposed scheme uses dual voltage controllers, one of the voltage controller having low bandwidth operates only during steady condition, other voltage controller with high bandwidth operates during the transient condition. At any given instant only one voltage controller is in circuit. Lower bandwidth controller, operating during steady state condition, maintains the THD within the required limits and the dc-bus voltage at its reference value. High bandwidth controller improves the transient performance by having faster response to the disturbance. Faster response to disturbances necessitates less energy storage in the dc-bus capacitor, hence a smaller capacitance value is required which resulting in a compact and a light-weight circuit. The comparative study between the proposed scheme and the conventional PFC circuit is carried out. The experimental results for the proposed scheme are also presented.
44	H.W. van der Broeck, "Analytical calculation of the harmonic effects of single phase multilevel PWM inverters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 243- 248 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an analytical approach for determining the total harmonic distortion THD and its weighted value WTHD for multi level PWM inverters. The calculation considers one single phase having MVDC systems in mind. Although the analysis is based on the assumption of a high number of pulses, the developed equations can also be applied for lower frequency ratios fs/f1. The analytical formulas require the characteristic parameters of the PWM only, which are the modulation factor m, the switching frequency fs, the fundamental frequency f1, the effective inductance L and the DC link voltage Uo. Two, three and five voltage-level inverters are considered.
45	Zhi-Hong Jiang, Xiao-Dong Sun, Li-Pei Huang, "The controller of high frequency and high dynamic performance dual-boost PFC module based on DSP," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 249- 254 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a new method to compensate steady-state second harmonic, and it solves the contradiction between steady-state and dynamic performance in single-phase PFC circuit. And anti-windup PI regulator is addressed to improve DSP noise immunity and a method named task-averaged method is presented to increase switching frequency and power density, the achieved switching frequency is 160kHz. In addition, the dual-boost topology is selected for higher efficiency, and the average-current control strategy is adopted to control input line current waveform as well as output DC voltage. The digital controller was validated with the results of simulation and experiment.
46	H.Y. Kanaan, K. Al-Haddad, A.A. Assi, J.B. Sleiman, M. Aoun, C. Asmar, "Averaged modeling and control of a three-phase series active power filter for voltage harmonic compensation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 255- 260 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Power electronic loads inject voltage and current harmonics into the utility system. Active power filters, which are classified into shunt and series ones, have been developed in order to reduce these harmonics and to preserve an acceptable power quality at the mains. This paper presents a detailed study of a series active power filter. First, a new low-frequency mathematical model of the series active filter is established. Then, suitable multiple-loops PI controllers are designed on the basis of a small-signal frequency-domain representation of the converter and the use of the linear feedback control. Simulation results are finally shown and discussed in an attempt to validate the proposed mathematical model and the effectiveness of the control approach.
47	G.O. Beale, J.H. Kim, "Detection and classification of faults affecting maneuverability of underwater vehicles," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 261- 267 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the application of Fisher Discriminant Analysis and the Hotelling T/sup 2/ statistic to the detection and classification of major failures that can occur in underwater vehicles. Simulation results are presented that demonstrate that rapid detection and reliable classification can be obtained with these methods.
48	J.D. Gibson, "Performance effects of optimal LQG eigenvalue placement in ship control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 268- 278 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The eigenvalues of a linear time-invariant system may be optimally placed by using performance criterion modification in the optimal controller design. This is approach is applied to the design of a linear quadratic Gaussian controller for a submarine. The results are compared to a linear quadratic Gaussian controller designed by standard loop-shaping methods in the state estimator design and using a linear quadratic regulator to perform loop transfer recovery. Improvements in performance can be obtained after applying loop transfer recovery by assigning the eigenvalues of the optimal state feedback system to desired locations.
49	S. Kansal, S. Jakkidi, G. Cook, "The use of mobile robots for remote sensing and object localization," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 279- 284 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the methodology and algorithms required for performing remote sensing via a mobile robot. Additionally the means for determining the ground coordinates of any detected object of interest are also presented. Instrumentation for determining the robot position and orientation is complemented by the use of a Kalman Filter. Two kinematic models for a mobile robot are presented, one for a robot steered by turning the front wheels and one for a robot steered by using differential speeds between the left and right wheels. Given that an object of interest has been detected, which may have been accomplished manually or automatically, an algorithm is developed for aiming the boresight of the sensor at this object. This permits a co-aligned ranging laser to be used to determine the distance to the object. A combination of this information along with robot position and attitude allows computation of the ground coordinates of the object of interest.
50	K. Nakano, T. Yamamoto, T. Hinamoto, "A design of robust self-tuning GPC-based PID controllers," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 285- 290 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: PID control schemes have been widely used in most process systems represented by chemical processes for a long time. However, it is still a very important problem how to determine or tune the PID parameters, because these parameter have a great influence on the stability and the performance of the control system. On the other hand, it is well known that the generalized predictive controller(GPC) is effective for systems with ambiguous time-delays and/or time-variant time-delays. Then, the PID parameters adjusting method based on GPC has been proposed. In this paper, a new tuning algorithm of PID parameters based on GPC is proposed, which is composed of an adaptive switching scheme and some robust PID sub-controllers switched by the former according to a certain property of the controlled object. Finally, the proposed control scheme is investigated on a numerical simulation example.
51	S. Katsura, Y. Matsumoto, K. Ohnishi, "Modeling of force sensing and validation of disturbance observer for force control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 291- 296 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Controlling robots in contact with environment is the important problem in industry applications. In order to solve the instability in force control, the velocity feedback gain is enlarged. The system becomes unstable with small velocity feedback gain, and robot's response becomes slow with large one. Since there is trade-off between stability and responsivity, it is thought that force control by robots is difficult. In the conventional force control, great many researches have paid attention to develop novel force control systems and implemented force sensors to detect external force. This paper shows that feedback of the value of force sensor makes attainment of force control difficult. The novel analysis technique of force control that force sensor is modeled by 2 mass resonant system is shown. Force control is attainable with the construction of the easiest force control system by feedback the value of reaction torque observer. Sensor-less force control is the one of the fundamental techniques for evolution of human-cooperating robot, tele-robotics, robotic virtual reality and so on. The numerical and experimental results show viability of the proposed method.
52	J. Persson, Y. Perriard, "An optimized Extended Kalman filter algorithm for Hybrid Stepper Motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 297- 300 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this article a high performance Extended Kalman filter algorithm is used to estimate rotor speed, rotor position and load torque in a Hybrid Stepper Motor (HSM). Together with a PI speed controller, the Kalman filter forms a very robust sensorless closed loop system. During acceleration the motor is capable of running in closed loop from 0-100% of the nominal speed. The controller can handle charge steps of over 50% of the maximum load torque, and acceleration up to 13 [krad/s/sup 2/]. To achieve theses good dynamic capabilities, the Kalman filter is optimized by an off-line identification process. This gives a very good match between the model and the real system. The standstill position at start-up is estimated by a current injection method. Due to the optimized Kalman filter the experimental results show very good precision and closed loop robustness for a 10.5 [W] HSM. The algorithm is implemented on a floating point DSP. The driver consists of two H-bridges with MOSFET transistors. The currents are measured with one shunt resistor for each phase.
53	F. Belkhouche, S. Muzdeka, "A linearized model for permanent magnet stepper motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 301- 305 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with the linearization of a nonlinear model of permanent magnet stepper motors. The linearization method is based on an optimization technique when considering the asymptotic behavior of the system. It turns out that the method approximates the nonlinear vector field even in the critical case, when the Jacobian matrix contains at least an eigenvalue with the real part equal to zero. Numerical simulations show good agreement of the linearized model with the highly nonlinear model of the motor. We suggest some possible model-based applications of the linearized system.
54	G. Brando, A. Del Pizzo, S. Nocerino, R. Rizzo, "Direct Torque Control with variable duty-cycle in induction motor drives using 3-level inverters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 306- 311 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper deals with Direct Torque Control of high-power induction motor drives using a 3-level inverter. In order to overcome the problem of flux magnitude and torque oscillations, an optimized algorithm is proposed. The sampling time is subdivided in some elementary parts, where different voltage vectors are applied. These are evaluated by means of a simplified mathematical model in order to keep flux and torque within assigned hysteresis bands.
55	C. Cavallaro, A.O. Di Tommaso, R. Miceli, A. Raciti, G. Ricco Galluzzo, M. Trapanese, "Analysis a DSP implementation and experimental validation of a loss minimization algorithm applied to permanent magnet synchronous motor drives," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 312- 317 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper a new loss minimization control algorithm for inverter-fed permanent-magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), which allows to reduce the power losses of the electric drive without penalty on its dynamic performances, is analyzed, experimentally realized and validated. In particular, after a brief recall of two loss minimization control strategies (the "search control" and the "loss-model control"), both a modified dynamic model of the PMSM, which takes into account the iron losses, and a "loss-model" control strategy, are treated. Experimental tests on a specific PMSM drive employing the proposed loss minimization algorithm were performed aiming to validate the actual implementation. The main results of these tests confirm that the dynamic performances of the drive are maintained, and enhancement up to 3.5% of the efficiency can be reached in comparison to the PMSM drive equipped with a more traditional control strategy.
56	M. Barut, M. Gokasan, O.S. Bogosyan, "An extended Kalman filter based sensorless direct vector control of induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 318- 322 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this study, it is aimed to design a rotor-oriented sensorless direct vector control for the speed control of an induction motor (IM). For this purpose, all the states required for direct vector control in addition to the step-shaped load torque and rotor resistance are estimated using extended Kalman Filter (EKF). Simulation results demonstrate a good performance and robustness to variations of load and rotor resistance.
57	D.S. Reay, "CMAC and B-spline neural networks applied to switched reluctance motor torque estimation and control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 323- 328 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the application of cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) and B-spline neural networks to switched reluctance motor (SRM) torque estimation and control. Non-linear adaptive systems such as neural networks are well suited to learning the highly non-linear electromagnetic characteristics of the SRM for the purposes of linearisation and simplification of their control and a number of researchers have investigated their use in this context. CMAC and B-spline neural networks are particularly suited to this application area due to their potential for low-cost, high-speed implementation including the capability for real-time, on-line adaptation. CMAC and B-spline neural networks have successfully been applied both to torque ripple minimisation and to torque estimation in simulation and, implemented using FPGA technology, experimentally. This paper describes those applications with particular emphasis on the suitability of the CMAC and B-spline neural networks and gives details of their FPGA implementation.
58	N. Chayopitak, D.G. Taylor, "Network-oriented simulation of variable reluctance motor drive systems with PWM control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 329- 334 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Mixed-technology systems defined as networks of interconnected components may be simulated by imposing conservation of flow at each node. Given a library of physical component models in a standard form and the means to embed software algorithms for control, this approach to simulation requires little more from the user than to specify what types of physical components are present and how these physical components are interconnected to each other and to the control algorithms. This paper summarizes the technical foundations for this user-friendly simulation philosophy and reports in some detail its application to variable reluctance motor drive systems. Novel features include the development of both switched and averaged models of the pulse-width modulated inverter, and the design and demonstration of high-performance position control algorithms.
59	T. Senjyu, T. Yoshida, K. Uezato, N. Urasaki, S.K. Panda, "Speed sensorless control of ultrasonic motors using neural network," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 335- 340 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a speed sensorless control for ultrasonic motors using a neural network. In the proposed method, a three-layered NN is used with offline training. The drive frequency, the root mean square value of input voltage and the surface temperature of USM are used as the inputs of NN for speed estimator. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by experimental results.
60	Kuo-Kai Shyu, Cheng-Yuan Chang, "Antiwindup controller design for piezoelectric ceramic linear ultrasonic motor drive#," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 341- 346 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic motor (USM) is known to be with time-varying and highly nonlinear characteristics. Also it has saturation in the input voltage. In this study, a new antiwindup controller is proposed to control a piezoelectric ceramic linear ultrasonic motor (LUSM) drive system to reduce the influence of nonlinear saturation of the input constraint. First, this study gives theoretical approach design method. Then it provides hardware experimental results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. It will be shown that the experimental results coincide with what expected.
61	Jing Zhang, M. Schroff, "High-performance micromotor control systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 347- 352 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper investigates the control principle of slotless micro permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) for high-performance and high-speed applications. The control system of a micro PMSM without current control loops is analyzed based on the parameters of the micromotor. A test system for a 6-mm micromotor was built based on advanced DSP controller TMS320F2812. In this system, the relation between sampling frequency and current harmonics in the high speed is discussed, and the estimation of rotor position and speed is briefly introduced.
62	S.A. Oliveira da Silva, P. Donoso-Garcia, P.C. Cortizo, P.F. Seixas, "Performance analysis of three-phase line-interactive UPS system with active power-line conditioning," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 353- 360 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the active power flow behavior of a three-phase line-interactive uninterruptible power supply system with series-parallel active power-line conditioning capabilities. The control algorithm uses synchronous reference frame (SRF)-based controller, which allows an effective harmonic and reactive power compensation, generated from any configuration of non-linear load. The control of the active power flow in the dc-bus of the UPS is obtained through an additional voltage dc-bus controller. Under normal line conditions, the UPS system works with universal filtering capabilities, such as, compensating the input currents and the output voltages. Two pulse width modulation (PWM) converters are used to perform the series and parallel active power-line conditioning. The active power flow control of the UPS system is discussed taking into account battery charging and undesired conditions, such as, input voltage unbalances, total harmonic distortion of the load currents and displacement factor (cos/spl phi//sub 1/). The control algorithm using SRF method are described and analytically studied. The performance of the UPS system is evaluated in three-phase, three-wire system. Experimental results are presented to confirm the theoretical studies.
63	Z. Nie, S.B. Bekiarov, A. Emadi, "An on-line UPS system with power factor correction and electric isolation using BIFRED converter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 361- 366 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents design consideration and performance analysis of an on-line, low-cost, high performance single-phase Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) system based on Boost Integrated Flyback Rectifier/Energy storage DC/DC (BIFRED) converter. The system consists of an isolated AC/DC BIFRED converter, a bi-directional DC/DC converter, and a DC/AC inverter. It has input power factor correction, electric isolation of the input from the output, and control simplicity. Detailed circuit operation, analysis, as well as simulation and experiment results are presented.
64	K. O'Brien, G. Scheible, H. Gueldner, "Analysis of wireless power supplies for industrial automation systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 367- 372 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Abundant sensors used in non-stationary, maintenance-free industrial environments with high sensor densities are preferably powered by a wireless power system. For most industrial applications this is possible with a magnetic supply principle, based on unconventional transformers with large air-gaps. This paper presents an analytical description of the magnetic components of a wireless power supply system based on the magnetic coupling of multiple spatially separated coils. The power transfer through the large air-gap transformer is accurately predicted using a coupling model.
65	Heqing Zhong, Zhixin Xu, Xudong Zou, Yunping Zou, Lisha Yang, Zeynn Chao, "Current characteristic of high voltage capacitor charging power supply using a series resonant topology," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 373- 377 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Pulse power supply applications usually require short and intense bursts of energy that may be derived by rapidly discharging an energy storage capacitor. Series resonant topology is used in capacitor charging power supply because of its approximate constant current characteristic from zero volts to maximum voltage. But the series resonant topology with open-loop control is not accurate constant current charging characteristic because the DC bus voltage is variable and the transformer is not ideal. Furthermore, the high voltage rectifier diodes are also not ideal. This paper presents the current characteristic of series resonant power supply with ideal and actual components, respectively. And moreover, some valuable figures given in this paper can be used during the course of designing and debugging.
66	G. Escobar, P. Mattavelli, A.M. Stankovic, J. Leyva, "An adaptive control for UPS to compensate unbalance and harmonic distortion using a combined capacitor/load current approach," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 378- 382 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An adaptive controller for UPS to compensate for unbalance and harmonic distortion on the load is proposed. We propose to use a combined measurement of capacitor and load currents using the same current sensor for the purpose of, on the one hand, reaching a similar performance as that obtained in a capacitor current based controller, and on the other hand, to obtain an estimate of the load current for security purposes. Adaptation is included to cope with uncertainties in the system parameters. The controller is based on a frequency domain description of the periodic disturbances, which include both symmetric components, namely, the negative and positive sequence. And thus, allowing the treatment under unbalance operation, as well. As a consequence, the controller compensates only for a selected group of harmonic components, and thus, belonging to the family of selective control algorithms. Simulations are presented to assess the performance of the proposed algorithm.
67	Xu Feng, Xu DianGuo, Liu YuXiu, "A novel zero-voltage and zero-current-switching full-bridge PWM converter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 383- 390 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel zero voltage and zero current switching full bridge pulse width modulation (ZVZCS-FB-PWM) converter is proposed and analyzed. An auxiliary circuit, which consists of a diode and auxiliary winding coupled with output inductor, are added to provide zero current switching (ZCS) conditions. The ZCS of lagging-leg switches is achieved by resetting the primary current with induced EMF of auxiliary winding during the freewheeling period. Many advantages including low current pressure, simple circuit topology and low cost make the new converter very attractive for high power applications. The operation, analysis and design considerations are illustrated and verified on a 3 kW 100 kHz IGBT based experimental circuit.
68	Chien-Ming Wang, "Novel zero-current-switching (ZCS) PWM converters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 391- 396 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new family of zero-current-switching (ZCS) pulsewidth-modulated (PWM) converters which uses a new ZCS PWM switch cell is presented in this paper. The main switch and auxiliary switch operate at zero-current-switching turn on and turn off, and the all passive semiconductor devices in the ZCS-PWM converter operate at zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) turn on and turn off. Besides operating at constant frequency and with reduced commutation losses, the proposed ZCS-PWM switch cell uses only one resonant inductor and these new converters have no additional current stress in comparison to the hard switching converter counterpart. The new family of ZCS-PWM converters is suitable for high-power application using insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT's). The principle of operation, theoretical analysis, and experimental results of the new ZCS-PWM boost converter, rated 1 kW and operating at 30 kHz, are provided in this paper to verify the performance of this new family of converters.
69	Chien-Ming Wang, "A novel zero-current-switching PWM boost rectifier with high power factor and low conduction losses," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 397- 402 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a new single-phase high power factor rectifier, which features regulation by conventional PWM, soft commutation and instantaneous average line current control. A new zero-current-switching pulse-width modulation (ZCS-PWM) auxiliary circuit is configured in the presented ZCS-PWM rectifier to perform ZCS in the active switches and ZVS in the passive switches. Furthermore, soft commutation of the main switch is achieved without additional current stress by the presented ZCS-PWM auxiliary circuit. A significant reduction in the conduction losses is achieved, since the circulating current for the soft switching flows only through the auxiliary circuit and a minimum number of switching devices are involved in the circulating current path and the proposed rectifier uses a single converter instead of the conventional configuration composed of a four-diode front-end rectifier followed by a boost converter. Nine transition states for describing the behavior of the ZCS-PWM rectifier in one switching period are described. A prototype rated at 1 KW, operating 50 kHz, with an input ac voltage of 220 V/sub rms/ and an output voltage 400 V/sub dc/ has been implemented in laboratory. An efficiency of 97.3% and power factor over 0.99 has been measured. Analysis, design, and the control circuitry are also presented in this paper.
70	S. Nagai, S. Sato, M. Yamamoto, H. Iyomori, M. Nakaoka, "High efficient two switch auxiliary resonant DC link three-phase PWM inverter and two switch auxiliary resonant commutated bridge leg link three-phase PWM rectifier," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 403- 407 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a new conceptual circuit configuration of three-phase voltage source type soft switching PWM AC/DC-DC/AC converter using IGBT module, which is composed of one ARCBL circuit and one ARDCL circuit is presented. In addition, the operating performances of proposed soft switching AC/DC-DC/AC converter treated here are evaluated on the basis of experimental results in 50kVA setup. Furthermore, the power loss analysis and operating performance of proposed soft switching AC/DC-DC/AC conversion system are evaluated from the simulation and experimental results.
71	Eun-Chul Shin, Tae-Sik Park, Won-Hyun Oh, Ji-Yoon Yoo, "A design method of PI controller for an induction motor with parameter variation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 408- 413 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a novel design method of speed and current controller for an induction motor with the variation of system parameters. Our goal is to establish a reliable and stable PI gain selecting procedure against the mechanical and the electrical parameter variation of an induction motor using Kharitonov robust stability theory. Although the system parameters are varied within some specific range, the proposed PI controller guarantees the robust stability and the performance for vector controlled induction motor. The performance of proposed design method is proved by digital simulation and experimentation with high performance DSP based induction motor driving system.
72	F.V. de Carvalho, J.O.P. Pinto, L.E.B. da Silva, B.K. Bose, G.L. Torres, "A DSP based torque meter for induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 414- 418 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This work describes the steps to implement a torque meter for three phases induction motors, based on stator voltage and machine current measurement. The strategy is based on stator flux synthesis through Programmable Cascaded Low-Pass Filters (PCLPF). The electromagnetic torque estimation is processed by a DSP microprocessor in real time. The PCLPF filter outlines the problem of necessary numeric integration to calculate the stator flux starting from the samples of stator voltage and current. The Programmable Cascaded Low-Pass Filter is implemented using recurrent neural network (RNN-PCLPF) trained by an algorithm based on Kalman filter. The DSP based implementation of a torque meter results in an equipment with the same precision when comparing with torque meters based on torsion of metallic axes, with known elastic constant and strain gauges.
73	B. Karanayil, M.F. Rahman, C. Grantham, "Rotor resistance identification using artificial neural networks for a speed sensorless vector controlled induction motor drive," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 419- 424 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a new method of rotor time constant estimation using artificial neural networks, for the speed sensorless implementation of the indirect vector controlled induction motor drive. The back propagation neural network technique is used for the real time adaptive estimation. The error between the desired state variable of an induction motor and the actual state variable of a neural model is back propagated to adjust the weights of the neural model, so that the actual state variable tracks the desired value. The performance of the neural network based estimator is investigated with the help of simulations and experiments, for variations in the rotor resistance from their nominal values, with both speed and load torque disturbances. A Programmable Cascaded Low-Pass Filter is used for the estimation of rotor flux, from the measured stator voltages and currents. The rotor speed is estimated from the flux angles and the estimated slip speed.
74	S. Haghbin, M.R. Zolghadri, S. Kaboli, A. Emadi, "Performance of PI stator resistance compensator on DTC of induction motor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 425- 430 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Stator resistance PI compensator is one of the simplest methods proposed to estimate stator resistance. This method is based on the real time stator resistance correction regarding the variations of the stator current magnitude, which must be a constant value when the stator flux and motor torque are constant. This reference value can be calculated using the flux and torque commands and motor parameters. In this paper, it is shown that for DTC systems using digital controller with limited sampling frequency, stator current vector amplitude varies as a function of speed, sampling period, and switching strategy. Effects of sampling frequency, motor speed, and switching strategy on this current error are investigated and their effects on performance of the stator resistance PI compensator are considered.
75	S. Kaboli, M.R. Zolghadri, S. Haghbin, A. Emadi, "Torque ripple minimization in DTC of induction motor based on optimized flux value determination," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 431- 435 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Torque ripple is a major difficulty in direct torque controlled induction motors. The reference value of the motor flux greatly influences the torque ripple. On the other hand, many motors work in an operating cycle, which includes load intervals of less than their nominal power. In these situations, it is not necessary to set their flux value as the nominal value. In this paper, the effect of the reference value of the motor flux on the motor torque ripple is investigated. A new control algorithm is proposed to determine the reference value of the flux according to the value of the motor torque. Simulation and experimental results justify the validity of the proposed method to reduce the motor torque ripple. The effect of the flux reference variation on the motor power factor as well as torque dynamics is also presented.
76	S.H. Ling, H.K. Lam, F.H.F. Leung, Y.S. Lee, "A genetic algorithm based variable structure Neural Network," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 436- 441 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a neural network model with a variable structure, which is trained by genetic algorithm (GA). The proposed neural network consists of a Neural Network with a Node-to-Node Relationship (N/sup 4/R) and a Network Switch Controller (NSC). In the N/sup 4/R, a modified neuron model with two activation functions in the hidden layer, and switches in its links are introduced. The NSC controls the switches in the N/sup 4/R. The proposed neural network can model different input patterns with variable network structures. The proposed neural network provides better result and learning ability than traditional feed forward neural networks. Two application examples on XOR problem and hand-written pattern recognition are given to illustrate the merits of the proposed network.
77	S.H. Ling, H.K. Lam, F.H.F. Leung, Y.S. Lee, "Improved genetic algorithm for economic load dispatch with valve-point loadings," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 442- 447 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Economic load dispatch is one of the optimization problems in power systems. This paper presents an improved genetic algorithm for economic load dispatch with valve-point loadings. New crossover and mutation operations are introduced. The solutions of the economic load dispatch with valve-point loadings under three cases are solved by the improved genetic algorithm. Test results are given and compared with those from different published genetic algorithms. It is shown that the proposed improved genetic algorithm performs better than the published genetic algorithms.
78	H.A. Preisig, Yun Xia Xi, Khiang Wee Lim, "Tailoring automata for fault diagnosability," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 448- 453 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Fault diagnosis in plants quite commonly utilizes measurements on limits of measurements being crossed. The fault-detection system attached to these limit detectors is thus clearly a discrete-event dynamic system. The plant, which operates in continuous time, a control system, which usually operates in discrete time and the supervisory control part with the fault detection part, which responds to the detected discrete-events, form together a hybrid system. The analysis shows clearly the ability and limitations of the approach. Any diagnostic tool will only get as input the detected limit and the direction of its crossing. Diagnostic systems must thus be tailored to make optimal use of the gradient components and their sign changes. Limits that can be used for fault diagnosis must thus be placed into domains where the signs of the gradient component are sensitive to particular faults or groups of faults. Domains with such properties are computed and serve as the basis for tailoring specific diagnostic systems.
79	P.K. Dash, I.W.C. Lee, K.P. Basu, S. Morris, A.M. Sharaf, "A quantitative comparison of wavelet based feature vectors for classification of power quality disturbances," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 454- 459 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a comparison between different wavelet feature vectors for power quality disturbance classification problems. Three different wavelet algorithms are simulated and applied on nine classes of power quality disturbances. Neural networks are then used to compute the classification accuracy of the feature vectors. Certain characteristics of the wavelet feature vectors are apparent from the results.
80	F. Cupertino, V. Giordano, D. Naso, L. Salvatore, B. Turchiano, "Optimization of fuzzy controllers for industrial manipulators via genetic algorithms," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 460- 465 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a design procedure for the decentralized fuzzy control of a 5-dof robotic manipulator based on Genetic Algorithms (GAs). Compared to traditional PID, fuzzy controllers better lend themselves to the nonlinear, coupled dynamics of industrial manipulators, thanks to their universal approximation capabilities. In addition, GAs allow a full exploitation of the potentialities of fuzzy control, being able to optimize the set of controllers even with relatively scarce information on the plant, exploring large search spaces and using multi-objective merit figures. The preliminary results, obtained on a detailed model of an industrial manipulator developed within the SimMechanics Matlab environment, show the effectiveness of this fully automated procedure: GA-tuned fuzzy controllers guarantee better performances than PID in a wide range of operating conditions.
81	Y. Morita, F. Matsuno, M. Ikeda, H. Ukai, H. Kando, "PDS cooperative control of two one-link flexible arms considering bending and torsional deformation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 466- 471 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes cooperative control of two one-link flexible arms considering the bending and the torsional deformation on the basis of the distributed parameter system. The control purpose is to accomplish the desired grasping force for a common rigid object and to suppress the coupled bending and torsional vibrations. We construct PDS cooperative control law based on Lyapunov method, which is a kind of direct sensor feedback control. And also we prove the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system. The PDS cooperative controller consists of the PD feedback of the motor angle and a strain feedback of the flexible arm. Some experiments are performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
82	L. Gonzalez, J. Rodriguez, "Robust regulator design for an arm manipulator," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 472- 477 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: We consider the design of a robust regulator for a 3 DOF robot that is affected by poor repeatability. Instead of applying a nonlinear control an Hoo design was superposed on top of the manufacturer's. From previous recommended methods and a good understanding of the plant a set of weights were selected as to guarantee the solution of the optimization problem. A robust system with excellent regulation properties was reach showing also good tracking features.
83	Y. Tanaka, T. Tsuji, M. Kaneko, "Task readiness impedance in human arm movements for virtual ball-catching task," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 478- 483 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The dynamic characteristics of human upper extremities can be modeled with mechanical impedance. Although many studies have been reported on the human hand impedance properties in static tasks with arm posture maintained, there are no reports for human arm movements in dynamic tasks including interactions with environments. The human impedance should be regulated before motion in some tasks. In the ball-catching task, for instance, a human must regulate his/her hand impedance to catch a ball before the hand contacts the ball. The paper examines human impedance in preparation for task operations, i.e., "task-readiness impedance," and proposes a method of measuring hand impedance during tasks using a virtual-reality technique. Experiments are then conducted to examine task-readiness impedance as well as the virtual trajectory in a virtual ball-catching task.
84	Y. El-Kahlout, K. Erbatur, "Reflex and gait adaptation for biped walking robots in phase of changing payloads," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 484- 489 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Biped walking robots present one of the most suitable mechanical configurations to work in the human environment. They have significant advantages in obstacle avoidance when compared with their wheeled counterparts. However, their control is a challenging problem due to their inherent instability and non-linearity. Recently, intensive research is being conducted to employ biped walking robots in heavy and dangerous tasks of human operators. Carrying heavy loads is one of the natural tasks a biped walking robot of future might be expected to accomplish. Varying payload, however, can change the robot dynamics and cause instability. This paper proposes a walking pattern adaptation technique to compensate for sudden additions of loads of unknown masses. The proposed scheme is tested on a full dynamics simulation test bed, with simulations of a 12 dof walking robot.
85	M. Morisawa, K. Ohnishi, "Interactive control of environmental mode for biped walking," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 490- 495 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a motion control method of a biped robot which has multiple contact points to environment. The biped robot is a mobile system that has contact and non-contact state repeatedly to environment. Hence, the position sensors, which measure the gap of the bottom foot and ground surface, are mounted on four corners of the foot. In addition, the environmental modes are quarried from the measured environmental information. However, these modes have to be compliant to environment due to the stability effect on biped robot. Thus, each foot motion tracks these modes. This proposed method provides very high extendibility. Basically, the environmental modes can be extended to the other contact tasks. Indeed, a robot can adapt itself to various environments. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by the numerical simulation.
86	Chang-Hua Lin, Liang-Rui Chen, Kai-Jun Pai, "An improved digital-dimming controller for back-light module applying frequency-shift technique," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 496- 501 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel simple control method to improve the ignition behavior of cold cathode fluorescent lamp in digital-dimming mode is proposed in this paper. The half-bridge resonant inverter is employed in the presented back-light system. To extend the lamp life, we realize a digital-dimming controller with frequency-shift technique (DDC-FST) to reduce the high ignition voltage and to eliminate the ignition current spike. Complete analysis and design considerations are discussed in detail in this paper. Simulation and experimental results are close to the theoretical prediction. The overall efficiency of the system achieved at the rated power is over 91%. The ignition voltage is reduced about 30% without any lamp current spike occurred under digital-dimming operation.
87	Tsorng-Juu Liang, Shih-Cheng Kang, Chun-An Cheng, Ray-Lee Lin, Jiann-Fuh Chen, "Analysis and design of single-stage electronic ballast with bridgeless PFC configuration," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 502- 508 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A single-stage, high power factor electronic ballast used to drive fluorescent lamps is analyzed and designed in the paper. The electronic ballast, combining a bridgeless power-factor-correction converter with a series-resonant parallel-loaded inverter, has the functionality of input current shaping for achieving high power factor (HPF) and provides a sufficient high voltage to strike the lamp during start-up period and rated lamp power at steady state. The features of the ballast are low cost, high power factor (PF>0.99), low crest factor (CF<1.7), zero-voltage switching (ZVS) and identical current stress on each power switch. Operational principles, design equations and experimental results of one 36-W fluorescent lamp operating at 50 kHz switching frequency with 110 V-rms line input voltage are presented.
88	M.A.D. Costa, R.N. do Prado, A. Campos, A.R. Seidel, "An analysis about valley fill filters applied to electronic ballasts," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 509- 514 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a detailed analysis about valley fill filters applied to power factor (PF) correction of electronic ballasts. Comparative results about input current THD are done in this study, verifying if it meets the IEC 61000-3-2 standard requirements, that determines the maximum amplitude of each harmonic component from 2/sup nd/ up to 39/sup th/. Power factor (PF), total harmonic distortion (THD), crest factor (CF), auxiliary circuit losses, and operation principles are also presented.
89	A.S. Morais, E.A.A. Coelho, V.J. Farias, L.C. de Freitas, J.C. Oliveira, J.B. Vieira, "A high power factor electronic ballast employing a quadratic forward topology," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 515- 519 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents high power factor electronic ballast used in fluorescent lamps. This topology has been obtained by combining a quadratic forward converter and an inverter topology. This topology is different from others because the quadratic forward converter is designed to provide a quadratic dependence on duty cycle and have an elevator transformer with high turn ratio, it provides low output voltage referred to input side.
90	A.S. Morais, E.A.A. Coelho, V.J. Farias, L.C. de Freitas, J.C. Oliveira, J.B. Vieria, "High power factor electronic ballast employing a boost half bridge topology," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 520- 524 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: this paper presents a new proposal of electronic ballast employing a boost half bridge topology. A boost converter is used to control input current power factor and a half bridge is used to drive the fluorescent lamp. The two stages were unified to simplify the design. The proposed converter presents a simple and robust topology.
91	A.M. Sharaf, M.S. El-Moursi, "Stability and power quality enhancement using a coordinated capacitive compensation and tuned arm filter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 525- 530 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a nonlinear dynamic error driven scaled error-controller for coordinated static series capacitor compensator SSCC and tuned arm filter TAF, for the enhancement of voltage, transient stability, capacity of tie line power transfer and the power quality. The proposed self adjusting Tri-loop error scaled controller is based on the load voltage, RMS source current and the dynamic current ripple deviation signals. The proposed study system is a three phase source, a frequency dependent transmission line model, a nonlinear load comprising an induction motor and the 6 pulse thyrister converter load. The digital simulation is carried out in time domain as well as in frequency domain using the special simulation software PSCAD/EMTDC.
92	Hui Li, M. Steurer, D. Cartes, "Investigations on a 5-level VSI-chopper for a superconductive magnetic energy storage (SMES) power conditioning system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 531- 537 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The introduction of multilevel converters makes possible the use of pulse width modulation (PWM) converters and medium power devices like insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) for high-voltage, high-power applications, such as flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS). This paper proposes a 5-level voltage source inverter-chopper topology for a superconductive magnetic energy storage (SMES) power conditioning system (PCS). The topological structure and operation principles of 5-level VSI and 5-level chopper are discussed. The performance of the proposed converter system has been compared with a traditional transformer coupled multi-pulse VSI-chopper topology. The application of the proposed 5-level SMES PCS to static var compensator (SVC) has been investigated and verified by computer simulations.
93	A.K. Jain, A. Behal, N. Mohan, "System modeling and control design for fast voltage regulation using STATCOMs," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 538- 543 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Fast voltage regulation using static compensators requires a dynamic system model that is valid on an instantaneous basis. This paper presents a general modeling strategy that allows design of fast voltage regulation controller while accounting for system parameters. The co-ordinate transform used to model the system facilitates extraction of linearized system dynamics with the help of circuit simulators. It is shown that the problem of voltage regulation using instantaneous reactive current is non-minimum phase for certain operating conditions, thereby limiting achievable dynamic response irrespective of the control design method. Simulation results with a controller designed using input output bode plots are presented to illustrate efficacy of the proposed method.
94	M. Orabi, T. Ninomiya, "Analysis of PFC converter stability using energy balance theory," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 544- 549 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, the stability problem is studied from the energy balance point of view. For any periodic system, the balance must be occurring in every period, and for any disturbance which occurs the system must operate in the direction of damping this disturbance. One of the most practical examples is the boost PFC converter with average-current-mode control. It is suitable structure to draw input current with a near unity power factor. The main feature of this circuit is the bulk capacitance and using two control loops and multiplier in control circuit that assures its nonlinearity. PFC stability is interpreted as a condition in which the system operating in the expected periodic regime. Then, all those Subharmonic, quasi-periodic, period doubling, chaos considered undesirable and should be avoided. Two nonlinear phenomena are counted in PFC circuit, period doubling bifurcation (occurs first) and chaos. This paper addresses a study for the borderline between the stable and unstable regimes based on energy balance theory. The details of the proposed method are introduced and its validity is proved with simulation, experiment and mathematical analysis.
95	Ching-Shan Leu, F.C. Lee, J.H. Liang, "An advanced Integrated Filter Converter (IFC) with two-switch forward configuration for off-line applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 550- 555 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Employing the transformer leakage inductance, one cross-coupled capacitor, one clamped diode and two switches, an advanced Integrated Filter Converter (IFC) with two-switch forward configuration is proposed. By adding two extra diodes, it provides a comprehensive solution to perform core-reset, input filter, voltage-clamped and voltage-sharing functions. Consequently, non-pulsating input current, low voltage stress and high efficiency performance can be achieved. In this paper, the circuit operation is illustrated by PSpice simulation waveforms, and an experimental circuit of a 100 kHz, 10V/20A is described.
96	A. Makharia, G.A. Rincon-Mora, "Integrating power inductors onto the IC-SOC implementation of inductor multipliers for dc-dc converters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 556- 561 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper introduces the technique of active inductor multiplier, whereby a small inductor is effectively multiplied to generate the effects of a large power inductor. Medium/High power dc-dc converters, which are essential power supply circuits in almost all portable applications, require off-chip inductors, which take-up significant PCB real estate, add cost, and impede SOC implementation. The inductor multiplier technique developed here makes it possible for large inductors to be integrated onto the IC, thus meeting the demands of mobile battery-powered applications and approaching SOC solutions. A 1.8 V, 2.5 A buck-converter for 2-cell Ni-Cd/NiMH (3.2-1.8 V) battery applications was simulated with and without the inductor-multiplier. An inductance of 150 nH was effectively multiplied to 1.5 /spl mu/H, giving the same ripple performance. Efficiency, however, was lower throughout the load current range with a 5 to 19% difference in the range from 5 to 1.5 A (efficiency was 74% at 2.5 A), but still better than what a linear regulator would have yielded (less than 70%).
97	M. Elmore, C. Ellison, V. Skromin, "Adaptive model following control for switching regulators with input filters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 562- 567 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A switching power supply (SPS) requires an input filter to reduce the high frequency current harmonics generated by switch action that are returned to the source. The interaction between the input filter and control loop of the SPS can adversely affect loop stability, audiosusceptibility and output impedance. A novel input filter compensation approach, based on the positivity and hyperstability approach to Adaptive Model Following Control (AMFC), is proposed. A modified implementation of AMFC (mAMFC), which also mitigates the effects of parameter uncertainty and drift on converter stability, is shown to reduce the disruptive effects of input filters on the control loop. An analog hardware implementation of mAMFC of a buck converter with an input filter is demonstrated and compared to simulation results. The data demonstrates that mAMFC reduces the adverse effects of an input filter on the open-loop frequency response and audiosusceptibility of a buck converter and lowers its output impedance.
98	G. Escobar, A. Valdez, J. Leyva-Ramos, P.R. Martinez-Rodriguez, "An adaptive controller for a boost converter with harmonic reduction," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 568- 579 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An adaptive controller for the compensation of harmonics in the input voltage is proposed for a pulse width modulated (PWM) boost converter. Following the Lyapunov approach we designed an adaptive law to cope with uncertainties in the disturbance signals. Complexity of the proposed controller is reduced by rotations which transform the adaptive terms into a sum of resonant filters having as input the output voltage error. The resonant filters are tuned at the frequencies of the harmonics under consideration. To facilitate the implementation we have tried to preserve the structure of the proposed controller as close as possible to the conventional controller. The latter is usually composed by a voltage outer loop (basically a proportional plus integral (PI) control on the output voltage error) and an inner control loop (basically a Proportional control plus a Feedforward term). Thus, in the proposed controller, the bank of resonant filters appears as a refinement term which is added to the inner control loop. The proposed controller turns out to be robust with respect to parameter uncertainties. Experimental results on a boost converter board, using a poorly regulated voltage source, are presented to assess the performance of our approach.
99	S. Kamisetty, S.K. Mazumder, "Hybrid nonlinear controller for multiphase VRM," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 574- 579, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Not Available
100	A. Sakane, T. Tsuji, Y. Tanaka, N. Saeki, M. Kawamoto, "Estimating arterial wall impedance using a plethysmogram," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 580- 585 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a new method to estimate the mechanical impedance of arterial walls with biological signals, such as electrocardiogram, arterial pressure, and pulse oximetric plethysmogram that reflects arterial pulsation. A mathematical model of the fingertip arterial wall is developed on the basis of the relationship between the arterial pressure and the plethysmogram. The validity of the proposed method is then discussed by applying to monitor the arterial wall impedance properties during surgical operations. It has been demonstrated that the changes of the measured impedance parameters correspond to events during operations.
101	A.S. Hodel, J.Y. Hung, "A state estimator with reduced sensitivity to sensor quantization," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 586- 590 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The authors present a simple method to reduce measurement quantization effects in state estimation. The work addresses a practical problem in industrial electronics, where many modern electronic sensors produce quantized outputs (e.g. incremental encoder), or are sampled with finite quantization in digital control applications (e.g. N-bit analog-to-digital converter). Classical methods often describe quantization error as a random process, but the authors' approach is motivated by stability considerations from nonlinear systems analysis. Lyapunov stability analysis shows that the effect of quantization is greatly reduced by embedding the nonlinear quantization characteristic within the state estimator in a deterministic fashion. Several simulation examples complement the theoretical analysis. To the authors' knowledge, the contribution is unique among recent works for its simplicity in addressing the case of large quantization error.
102	S. D'Arco, L. Piegari, R. Rizzo, "An innovative algorithm for the velocity estimation both during dynamics and at steady state," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 591- 595 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper deals with the problem of velocity estimation of rotating machines with the use of an incremental encoder. Working conditions both at steady state or in dynamic operations have been studied. An innovative algorithm for the measurement of velocity has been proposed and compared with classical algorithms. Implementations of the estimation method proposed by authors have been made by means of numerical simulations either at steady state or in dynamic operations. The results achieved in terms of measure precision and dynamic response are very satisfactory, as shown in the paper.
103	R.N. Conte, L.F.A. Pereira, J.F. Haffner, C.C. Scharlau, L. Campestrini, R.P. Fehlberg, "Parameters identification of induction machines based on frequency response and optimization techniques," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 596- 599 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an alternative methodology to identify the electrical and mechanical parameters of an induction machine, based on frequency response and multi-objective optimization techniques. The proposed methodology is validated by simulation results using MatLab/Simulink environment.
104	R.E. Araujo, A.V. Leite, D.S. Freitas, "Indirect parameter estimation of continuous-time systems using discrete time," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 600- 605 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of parameter estimation of continuous-time systems using samples of its input-output data. We propose a method based on the bilinear transformation to obtain an equivalent discrete-time model. Introducing a new polynomial pre-filter it is possible to compute the physical parameters via inverse mapping between the discrete-time and the continuous-time models. A simulation example is given to illustrate the noise effects in the parameter estimation results. Using experimental results, we demonstrate the ability of the estimator to handle real measurement problems.
105	D.G. Taylor, Song Li, "Damped Gauss-Newton method for direct stable inversion of continuous-time nonlinear systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 606- 610 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Existing numerical methods for stable inversion require the formulation and use of the system's inverse dynamics for implementation purposes. This paper introduces a new numerical method for stable inversion that is directly implementable using only the system's state and output equations. In addition to this practical benefit, the proposed direct stable inversion method is globally convergent and its local rate of convergence is quadratic. An example is used to compare the proposed direct method to existing indirect methods.
106	T. Imaizumi, T. Ohmae, "Reliable control using equivalent transfer function for control system with multiple minor-loop," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 611- 616 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a control method is proposed for minor-loop failure in a multi-loop control system. If a minor-loop fails, because of a problem with the sensor, the character of the whole system changes greatly and becomes unstable. For this situation the proposed method changes to a new compensator using an equivalent transfer function (ETF) after the minor-loop failure. The equivalent transfer function is designed so that it does not change the transfer function of the whole system before and after the minor-loop failure. Using this method, the stability of the control system in the minor-loop failure is guaranteed.
107	Yue Zhou, Tian-Ran Wang, Hai-Bin Yu, Min-Zhe Yuan, "An optimizing heuristic algorithm for schedule table of FF system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 617- 619 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: FF is one of the most important Fieldbus by their character of adopting schedule table to control the real-time communication of remote messages. In this paper, to improve the performance of aperiodic message transfers, an algorithm is proposed to optimizing the schedule table which was built by the heuristic scheduling algorithm.
108	J.M. Giron-Sierra, S. Esteban, J. Recas, B. de Andres-Toro, E. Besada, J.M. De la Cruz, J.M. Riola, "Distributed electronic system for monitoring and control of a fast ship physical model," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 620- 625 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper is related with a research on vertical motion alleviation of fast ferries. A scaled down replica of a fast ferry was built, for experimental studies in a towing tank facility. Some submerged moving actuators were added to the replica: a pair of transom flaps, lateral fins and a T-foil near the bow. Two series of experiments with waves generated in a large basin must be done. One of the series is devoted to modelling, and the second for model-based control studies. Due to the fast motions of the experimental ship, it is not possible to attach it to a computerized carriage with instrumentation (it is part of the towing tank facility). Instead, the experimental ship must be autonomous, with all monitoring and control systems on board. Since there are six motions of the ship to be considered, the number of on-board sensors and actuators, and the complexity of control, take us to decide the design of a distributed electronic system. It is based on a central embedded PC, several microcomputer nodes, and the CANbus. The on board system interacts, using a wireless data link, with an off-shore experiment control and data processing system, with an interesting visualization performance. The purpose of the paper is to introduce this system and the associated experimental framework.
109	F. Rashidi, M. Rashidi, H. Amiri, "An adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control for power system stabilizer," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 626- 630 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes the design of power system stabilizer based on fuzzy logic and the sliding mode controller. The control objective is to enhance the stability and to improve the dynamic response of a single-machine power system operating in different conditions. Simulation results show that this control strategy is very robust, flexible and alternative performance. First a sliding-mode controller with an integral operating switching surface is designed. Then a fuzzy sliding mode controller is investigated in which a simple fuzzy inference mechanism is used to estimate the upper bound of uncertainties, then chattering is reduced. A detailed sensitivity analysis for a one-machine-infinite-bus system reveals that the fuzzy sliding-mode power system stabilizer is quite robust to wide variations in operating load and system parameters.
110	T. Onchi, M. Isozaki, M. Wada, "Current limiting simulation for low voltage circuit breaker," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 631- 636 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a simulator for analyzing current limiting behaviors in low voltage circuit breakers. Magnetic field analysis, motion analysis and circuit analysis are combined. In the magnetic field analysis, the 3-dimensional finite element method (FEM) is used by which magnetic driving force acting on a movable contact is calculated precisely. The characteristics of electric arc, such as electric field of arc is used experimental result of model equipment. It is considered that current dependence and pressure dependence of arc voltage. In the following sections, measurement of arc voltage characteristics, modeling and simulation algorithm are described. Furthermore, simulation results and comparison with the experimental result of model equipment are also described.
111	M. Jones, E. Levi, S.N. Vukosavic, H.A. Toliyat, "A novel nine-phase four-motor drive system with completely decoupled dynamic control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 637- 642 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper proposes a novel configuration of a nine-phase drive system, in which four ac machines have stator windings connected in series. By applying an appropriate phase transposition in the series connection of the stator windings, it becomes possible to realize completely independent vector control of the four machines although a single current-controlled nine-phase voltage source inverter is utilized as the supply for the whole drive system. Theoretical background of the concept, which is independent of the ac machine type, is at first presented. The feasibility of the proposed four-motor drive is then verified by simulation. Finally, main advantages and shortcomings of this drive configuration are addressed, in comparison to an equivalent four-motor three-phase drive.
112	M.N. Cirstea, A. Dinu, M. McCormick, "A new power systems modelling method," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 643- 646 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper is concerned with the research work carried out in the area of holistic modelling of electric drives and power systems. The novel method deals with the functional modelling of complete power systems using the behavioural features of Hardware Description Languages. Three examples of using VHDL for power electronic system modelling, simulation, controller design and implementation are given. The control systems, based on neural networks, fuzzy logic and vector control, are implemented using Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). There are major advantages of the new approach, such as: a unique modelling and evaluation environment for complete power systems, the same environment (VHDL) is used for the FPGA rapid prototyping of the digital controller, fast design development, short time to market, a CAD platform independent model, reusability of the model/design, generation of valuable IP, Concurrent Engineering basic rules (unique EDA environment and common design database) are fulfilled. The new modelling approach is validated experimentally.
113	Xie Shaojun, Fan Ying, Zhou Dake, "Research on a novel inverter based on DC/DC converter topology," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 647- 651 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The conventional inverters have the shortcomings of straightway conduction in transistors and the difficulty of realizing soft switching. A novel inverter based on the DC/DC converter topology is presented and studied in this paper. The inverter is comprised of a combined buck/boost DC/DC converter and a bridge circuit. The front stage converter is controlled to output a variable DC voltage and the bridge circuit is to convert the DC voltage to an AC output. The energy feedback technology and one-circle-control scheme are used to improve the dynamic characteristics of the DC converter. The power devices of the inverter bridge can conduct soft switching. The operation principle and the circuit topology of this inverter are analysed. Simulations and experiments are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed inverter.
114	T. Saito, S. Tasaki, H. Torikai, "WTA-based interleaved buck converters for low-voltage high-current applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 652- 655 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper studies interleaved buck converters using a switching rule based on a winner-take-all (WTA) principle. The system can realize multi-phase synchronization automatically: it enables us to realize ripple reduction of the output current and high tolerance for subsystem failure. Using the piecewise constant model, we clarify parameters conditions for existence and stability of the synchronous states. The simple test circuit is presented and typical synchronous phenomena are verified in the laboratory.
115	N.B.H. Youssef, F. Fnaiech, K. Al-Haddad, "Small signal modeling and control design of a three-phase AC/DC Vienna converter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 656- 661 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a small-signal linearized model based on the state space averaging method is proposed for a particular three-phase unity power factor AC/DC converter known as the Vienna rectifier. The resulting model is a MIMO linear model. In order to control the system, two control strategies have been developed. The first one is based on a decoupling procedure and the second one is a straightforward looping method. The expected results of the proposed model and the related control strategies are in good accordance with their counterpart using a nonlinear MIMO model and a feedback linearization control as reported in the literature, with the main advantage of being easier to implement. Simulation results are also provided in order to validate the theoretical approach carried out through the paper.
116	Lu Guangqiang, Ji Yanchao, Yu Hongxiang, Zhang Ke, "Analysis of a novel topology of soft starter for induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 662- 667 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: To overcome the problems of large lower-order harmonics and slow response associated with conventional thyristor-controlled voltage, self-commutated switches are used for the novel topology. Yet, unlike the soft starters previously reported in the literature, the gating signals of the proposed topology are easier to implement. Moreover, it does not require synchronization with the ac mains and the harmonics of the stator current can be eliminated. The operating principle of the soft starter is analyzed in this paper and the experimental results are given in order to prove the validity of the new topology.
117	Yadong Liu, Yan Xing, Lipei Huang, K. Hirachi, "A novel distributed control scheme for the parallel operation of digital controlled UPS," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 668- 672 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel distributed control scheme is proposed for the parallel operation of single phase digital controlled UPS (uninterrupted power supply). In this scheme, all the UPS modules that are interconnected only by two common lines are exactly the same. So the real redundancy is achieved. One of the two common lines provides a square wave. Each reference voltage of the paralleled UPS traces the square waveform in order to synchronize the output voltages. The other line is for average output current and current sharing is achieved by average current method. Both the two common lines are low pass lines in order to restrain the possible electromagnetic interference. The theoretic analysis and simulation results show that the gain of current is the main factor that influences the current sharing precision. Experiments are carried out to verify the control method with three 1 kVA on-line UPS modules. The results show that the control scheme is simple and feasible and the current sharing is precise in dynamic response and static state.
118	Der-Fa Chen, Tian-Hua Liu, Che-Kai Hung, "Nonlinear adaptive-backstepping controller design for a matrix-converter based PMSM control system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 673- 678 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a novel controller design for a matrix-converter based PMSM control system. A nonlinear adaptive backstepping controller is proposed to improve the speed and position responses of the PMSM control system. By using the proposed controller, the system can track both speed and position time-varying commands well. A satisfactory servo performance can be achieved. In addition, the realization of the controller is very simple. All of the control loops, including current-loop, speed-loop, and position-loop, are implemented by a 32-bit TMS320C40 digital signal processor. The hardware, therefore, is very simple. Several experimental results are shown to validate the theoretical analysis.
119	Liqiang Yuan, Zhengming Zhao, Chongjian Li, "The optimization of snubbers for IGCT-based voltage source inverters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 679- 682 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In recent years, IGCTs have been equipped widely in many voltage source inverters (VSI) for industry applications. The snubber optimal design is important part for IGCT-based VSI. Based on the reasonable modeling of IGCT switching-on and -off responses, the snubber size is optimized for minimum total energy losses with respect to the recovery efficiency of the regenerative snubber in this paper. Two constrained conditions, which are the limits of di/dt and dv/dt and the minimal on- and off-time, are considered in the analysis and optimization. The optimized results for the IGCT of 5SHX08F4502 are obtained.
120	A. Takahashi, Y. Ito, S. Fukuda, "Thrust and levitation control of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor using optimal regulator theory," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 683- 687 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, the optimal regulator theory is applied to control the thrust and levitation forces of a PM linear synchronous motor (PM-LSM). Applying the theory, non-linear state equations must be linearized around an equilibrium point, and stable behavior of the PM-LSM is guaranteed only near the equilibrium point. However, since the velocity must be varied, system responses may be deteriorated if the velocity reference is far from the equilibrium point. Therefore it is necessary to compensate for the non-linear terms to establish a stable control system over a wide velocity range. This paper proposes one compensation method. Responses to reference changes and disturbance changes with and without the compensation are investigated by simulation, and the usefulness of the compensation method is verified by it.
121	S.B. Bekiarov, A. Nasiri, A. Emadi, "A new reduced parts on-line single-phase UPS system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 688- 693 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents design considerations and performance analysis of a new reduced parts on-line single-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system. The proposed new UPS system is based on the half-bridge topology. It employs only five IGBTs and one diode reducing the cost of the system compared to the conventional on-line UPS topology, while achieving excellent performance. The common neutral eliminates the need for an isolation transformer and makes the system cheaper and more compact. The proposed UPS system uses a step down battery charger avoiding the problems associated with the high battery voltage, such as: space, cost, reliability, and safety issues. It has sinusoidal input current with unity power factor and high quality output voltage even with nonlinear loads. Detailed circuit operation and analysis as well as simulation and experimental results are presented.
122	Yang Chen, Guozhu Chen, Keyue Smedley, "Effects of printed-circuit-board layout on power switch case-to-ambient thermal resistance," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 694- 698 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In many modern power electronics applications, it is desired to package the power switches tightly with their control and driving circuitry in order to reduce the size. Thermal management, therefore, has become an important issue. Minimization of the case-to-ambient thermal resistance R/sub /spl theta/CA/ is a crucial measure for high-density power packaging. In this paper, electrical models were established for typical layouts to illustrate the heat transfer paths on the 2-layer and 4-layer printed circuit boards (PCBs). Trends of the thermal resistance change according to the variation of layout patterns are presented and verified by a series of experiments, which provides engineers with design guidelines for optimizing PCB layouts.
123	F. Rahman, R. Dutta, "A new rotor design of interior permanent magnet machine suitable for wide speed range," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 699- 704 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The interior permanent magnet (IPM) machine is considered to be one of the most efficient electrical machines. The high efficiency along with good performance characteristic makes them suitable for drives with wide speed range. The typical IPM machine has almost nil or very little field weakening range. Many attempts have been made to improve the range by modification of rotor configuration. In this paper an attempt has been made to review different types of rotor configuration of IPM machine that is suitable for flux weakening operation. A new rotor design of segmented magnet has been studied by finite element (FE) analysis. The result of FE model of segmented magnet rotor and a conventional rotor of IPM machine has been compared and discussed. In the new design an improved flux weakening aspect has been noticed. Since the new design doesn't need any special construction effort, it could be a better solution for IPM rotor configuration suitable for field weakening operation.
124	G. Schroder, J. Bekiesch, H. Siebel, "AC-fed universal motor with open loop speed control and PFC," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 705- 708 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A drive consisting of a series-wound motor, a CUK converter and an input bridge rectifier is presented. The power electronics provides sinusoidal input current. The field winding of the motor acts as the boost inductance. The armature winding is connected to the converter's output. The circuit is suitable to replace triac control of vacuum cleaners, washing machines, power tools etc. if a high power factor is needed.
125	Bhim Singh, S.S. Murthy, S. Gupta, "STATCOM based voltage regulator for self-excited induction generator feeding non-linear loads," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 709- 714 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with the performance analysis of static compensator (STATCOM) based voltage regulator for self-excited induction generators (SEIGs) supplying non-linear loads. In practice, a number of loads are non-linear in nature and therefore they inject harmonics in the generating systems. The SEIG being a weak isolated system, its performance is very much affected by these harmonics. The additional drawbacks of SEIG are poor voltage regulation and it requires adjustable reactive power source with varying load to maintain constant terminal voltage. A three-phase insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) based current controlled voltage source inverter known as STATCOM is used for harmonic elimination and it provides required reactive power for the SEIG with varying loads to maintain constant terminal voltage. A dynamic model of the SEIG-STATCOM feeding non-linear loads using stationary d-q axes reference frame is developed for predicting the behavior of the system under transient conditions. The simulated results show that SEIG terminal voltage is maintained constant even with non-linear balanced and unbalanced loads and free from harmonics using STATCOM based voltage regulator.
126	Xiangjun Zhang, Hankui Liu, Dianguo Xu, "Analysis and design of the flyback transformer," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 715- 719 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A practical design method, which is based on the current shape, is presented to achieve the appropriate parameters of the flyback transformer. Through this method, a practical transformer is achieved, and its performance is verified by a step-up flyback converter, experimental waveforms and result are presented.
127	Xu Dianguo, Zhao Kaiqi, Wang Yi, "A new approach to speed detection and power factor angle control on DSP-based soft-starter-fed IM drive system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 720- 725 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The blocked voltage of non-conducting thyristors contains information of the motor operation. The voltage amplitude is an indication of motor speed, while the phase angle of the voltage across it is an index of power factor angle named the measurable power factor angle. Thus a new approach to speed detection in three-phase induction motors without additional speed sensors is presented. This method utilizes the characteristics of thyristor voltage controller and the motor running state under the asymmetric power supply to find the relationship between the induction voltage of one phase of the motor without power supply and the motor speed, hence the relationship between the RMS voltage across the non-conducting thyristor and the motor speed. In addition, an analysis of the rule of power factor angle vs. speed in the three-phase induction motor is presented. Through analyzing the cause of phase current oscillation during soft starting, the power factor angle closed-loop control is introduced to induction motor soft starters. It is pointed out that the thyristor firing angle is composed of two parts. One is obtained from the predetermined voltage control rule, and the other is the increment of dynamic regulating angle with the variation of power factor angle. Experimental results show that the proposed closed-loop control method can avoid current oscillation during soft starting and have good performance.
128	Byeong-Mun Song, R. McDowell, A. Bushnell, J. Ennis, "Practical design and control of a ZVS 3-level dc-dc converter with minimum circulating current," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 726- 731 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a practical design and control of a newly developed zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) 3-level dc-dc converter with minimum circulating current. The converter is designed with ZVS soft-switching techniques to achieve high efficiency. Furthermore, two main key issues on the high voltage dc-dc converter are discussed with minimization of the circulation current between main switches and optimal dead time for soft switching. The converter has achieved about 95% efficiency under wide 7 kW load condition.
129	C. Rivetta, G.A. Williamson, "Large-signal analysis of a DC-DC buck power converter operating with constant power load," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 732- 737 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The dynamic properties of the buck converter operating with a constant power load are studied in this paper. This configuration is present in DC-DC converters feeding power converters tightly regulated in multi-converter power electronics systems. The dynamic behavior of converters loaded by constant power loads differs from the behavior of converters loaded by resistors or current generators. The purpose of this paper is to address the closed-loop behavior of the buck converter feeding a constant power load. Based on a comprehensive large-signal analysis of the converter, the basin of attraction of the equilibrium point is defined. This region, in general, excludes the low range of the output voltage affecting the transient stability, forcing proper coordination between the converter and loads during start-up.
130	Fei Lin, Chunpeng Zhang, Wenchao Song, Shousun Chen, "A robust rotor flux observer of induction motor with unknown rotor and stator resistance," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 738- 741 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The perturbation of the motor parameters degrades the flux observer and the controller. This paper proposes a novel robust flux observer with the resistance uncertainty taken into account. By extended state observer (ESO) method, which extends the entire disturbance to a new state, the rotor flux and the variation of rotor resistance are obtained. This is a new kind of state observer constructive method with a special nonlinear and non-smooth feedback. For the variable stator resistance, a simple self-tuning law is designed, which is derived from the dynamic model of the induction motor. The stator resistance value is updated in the ESO. Simulations at high and low frequency illustrate the robustness of the presented method.
131	M. Nakamura, Y. Fujii, K. Shiraishi, E. Hiraki, M. Nakaoka, "A pulse current regenerative auxiliary resonant bridge leg link snubber-assisted three-phase soft switching PWM inverter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 742- 745 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a novel circuit topology of active auxiliary edge resonant snubber suitable for high power soft switching PWM inverter applications, which has some salient features as compared with previously developed auxiliary resonant commutated pole (ARCP) snubber is proposed in order to minimize the switching power losses of IGBTs in addition to the switching surge related electromagnetic noises in three-phase power conversion circuits on the basis of the sinewave PWM inverter and sinewave PWM PFC rectifier as well as bi-directional PWM converter used as the battery energy storage system. This resonant snubber-assisted inverter suitable for high power conversion is described and discussed on the basis of soft switching transition and commutation operation of the high efficient pulse modulated inverter. The working principle and operating characteristics of this active auxiliary snubber circuit are described, together with the practical design procedure of this unique edge resonant snubber. This paper shows actual efficiency vs. output power characteristic of three-phase soft switching PWM double converter system designed for 10 kVA UPS composed of three phase soft switching PWM rectifier and inverter. The total actual efficiency of three phase soft switching PWM double converter is 88.6% as compared with that of hard switching double converter is 87.0% under a rated load.
132	Jun-Bae Lee, Ki-Young Jang, Dae-Woong Chung, Bum-Seok Suh, "New intelligent power modules for very low-power drives," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 746- 751 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: New series of SPMs (Smart Power Modules), which are fully optimized intelligent integrated IGBT inverter modules for lower power motor drive applications, are introduced. One is called Mini-SPM providing the operating current rating of 10 A and the other is Tiny-SPM with the 3 A rating. They are very small by employing size-related design and highly integrated building blocks having the built-in HVICs as a gate driver which offer more simplicity and compactness leading to a high cost reduction and high reliability of the entire system. They also provide technical advantages such as the good thermal performances, the high latch immunity and dv/dt controlled HVIC driving.
133	M. Boudour, A. Hellal, "Self-organizing feature maps for power system dynamic security assessment using synchronizing and damping torques technique," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 752- 757 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a new methodology of the power system dynamic security assessment. Based on the concept of stability margin, the method estimates the dynamic stability index that corresponds to the most critical value of synchronizing and damping torques of multimachine power systems. ANN-based pattern recognition is carried out with the self-organization feature mapping developed by Kohonen. Numerical results, carried out on a IEEE 9 buses power system are presented and discussed. The analysis using such method provides accurate results with a great saving in computation time.
134	Zhao Kaiqi, Xu Dianguo, Wang Yi, "Discrete variable frequency soft starting on DSP-based voltage controller-fed IM drive," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 758- 763 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Thyristorized soft starters are being used as induction motor starters in fan or pump drives, etc, the principle of which is based on the control of variable voltage and constant frequency. One of the demerits of the soft starters is that a small reduction in voltage produces a considerable drop in electromagnetic torque, which may cause the motor with loads failure to start. A new control strategy is proposed to improve electromagnetic torque at starting. According to the relationship that the electromagnetic torque of the induction motors is inversely proportional to the ac power supply frequency, reducing the supply frequency can improve the starting torque. Based on the fixed main circuit of soft starters, the strategy defines the triggering instants of soft starter thyristors to include or omit partial half cycles of the ac power supply. Therefore, the discrete variable frequency voltage and current applied to the motor are obtained. In fact, the new discrete frequencies are the ones of the fundamental components of the generated voltage and current. For all the subharmonic frequencies, in order to obtain most positive torque, the system is properly unbalanced, using the method of symmetrical components to choose the most positive sequence of the initial phase angle combination of three phases. The strategy similar to variable voltage variable frequency inverters gets the motor to produce low impact of current and high torque. Applying this strategy combining with the method of soft start allows the induction motor to start with full loads. The proposed strategy has been verified experimentally on a laboratory machine using a 32-b DSP-based soft starter-fed induction motor drive system, and proved to have good starting torque and current performance.
135	M. Kazerani, "Naturally-commutated cycloconverter versus rectifier-inverter pair grid-connected distributed power generation based on high-speed microturbines," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 764- 769 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Grid-connected distributed power generation based on high-speed microturbines gives the customers control over their electric power supply and provides a reliable, high-quality, low-cost, and clean source of electric power. As the frequency of the AC power generated by the high-speed microturbine-generator sets is variable and much higher than that of the utility grid, a static frequency changer will be required to match the two frequencies and also control the power delivered to the grid. Among different static frequency changer schemes, naturally-commutated cycloconverter (NCC) and rectifier-inverter pair have received more attention from the electric power industry, due to their desirable cost-versus-performance tradeoff. This paper compares different aspects of these frequency changer schemes when used in conjunction with microturbines for grid-connected distributed power generation. The conclusions drawn based on the analytical and simulation results can serve as guidelines in selecting the right topology for a specific application.
136	Ke Dai, Peiguo Liu, Guixin Wang, Yong Kang, Jian Chen, "Novel control techniques for three-phase three-wire series-parallel compensated line-interactive UPS system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 770- 775 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A three-phase three-wire series-parallel compensated line-interactive UPS consisting of two voltage-source converters controlled separately by two digital signal processors is studied in this paper. The series converter can be controlled as non-sinusoidal voltage source as series active power filter to compensate harmonic voltage at the utility, while the parallel converter can be controlled as non-sinusoidal current source as shunt active power filter to compensate reactive and harmonic currents deriving from inductive and non-linear loads. However, controlling the series converter as fundamental sinusoidal current source and the parallel converter as fundamental sinusoidal voltage source is a much better choice for this kind of system to facilitate the transition from stand-by to back-up mode or vice versa. Additionally, state feedback decoupling terms are used in the current regulator of the series converter to reduce the response time, while repetitive controllers are plugged in the voltage regulator of the parallel converter to reduce steady-state errors and distortion caused by unknown periodic disturbances. Both algorithms are based on the synchronous rotating frame and implemented respectively by two digital signal processors. These novel control techniques are proposed firstly for this kind of UPS and are verified by detailed experimental results.
137	D.K.W. Cheng, Yim-Shu Lee, Yi Chen, "A low-loss current-sharing interface circuit with new current-sensing and current-sharing techniques," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 776- 781 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Current-sharing interface circuits are the combinations of current-sharing control techniques and oring-connection configurations. They are designed to improve the current-sharing performance of the power systems in which some power modules are paralleled to share common load currents. New current-sensing and current-sharing techniques are proposed in this paper to make the current-sharing interface circuits have good current-sharing capabilities at low loss and low cost. The techniques suggest that the output currents of the paralleled power modules would be sensed by measuring the inductor voltage drops and shared under a hysteresis current control based on the minimum current in a current-sharing interface circuit. A prototype of the current-sharing interface circuit is implemented. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analyses.
138	Muhammad Mansoor Khan, Wu Zhi-Ming, "Frequency response power function of PWM DC/DC converter. I," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 782- 787 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Frequency response characterization is a principal tool for sensitivity analysis of an open loop and closed loop stable system. The small signal average and classical sampled-data models are suitable ways of measuring the sensitivity of a converter system at low frequencies. However they are not a suitable means of characterizing a system when there is a significant amplitude of ripple in the system output and also the validity of the model is limited to half of the sampling frequency. After an introduction to the notion of frequency response of a lifted system, we introduce the idea of frequency response power function for the time lifted system. The frequency response power function provides an extended means to characterize a system with large ripples. We then develop the expressions for estimating the frequency response power function of an open and closed loop converter system. Several examples have been given to demonstrate the advantages of the present notion of frequency response power function.
139	Xuejuan Kong, Jingjiang Wang, Li Peng, Yong Kang, Jian Cheng, "The control technique of three-phase voltage-source inverter output waveform based on internal model theory," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 788- 793 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: CVCF inverters are usually applied in critical situations, whose quality of output waveform is one of the most important aspects in evaluating its performance. This paper analyses the feasibility of the three-phase inverters' output waveform control scheme based on internal model theory in rotating frame. One scheme is present which is the combination of instantaneous feedback control internal model restraining fundamental component disturbance and repetitive control internal model restraining harmonic component disturbance and asymmetrical disturbance. The experiments verify the scheme can work well. Fast response, highly accurate steady output and less distorted waveform is gained.
140	Xun Li, Pengcheng Zhu, Yinfu Yang, Jian Chen, "Experimental investigation of a three-phase series-parallel compensated UPS for non-linear load," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 794- 799 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a three-phase series-parallel compensated UPS with universal filtering capabilities, using Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) based controller. The proposed UPS is based on the combination of two full-bridge VSI converters: one is series with the input and the other in parallel with the load. The series converter is controlled as a sinusoidal current source in phase with the input voltage, eliminating harmonic input current distortion and providing unity controlled power factor. The parallel converter is controlled as a sinusoidal voltage source in phase with the input voltage, providing to the load a normal and sinusoidal voltage with low total harmonic distortion (THD). In case of loss of input power, the UPS can make a seamless transition to backup mode, drawing power from the battery. Compared to conventional double conversion UPS, the size can be reduced significantly. In this paper, a new control scheme using SRF method and the operation principle of the novel UPS are described in detail. Experimental results of a 20 kVA prototype for non-linear load are presented to verify the good performance of the UPS system and the effectiveness of the new control scheme.
141	F.S. Dos Reis, J.C. Lima, R. Tonkoski, C.G. Dantas, T. Suzuki, F. Martinazzo, L.A. Godinho, "Electronic Ballast Design System," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 800- 805 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper will be reported the implementation of a flexible system to study electronic ballasts. The Electronic Ballast Design System (EBDS) is a microcontrolled and FPGA-based system and was developed to generate command signals to the half bridge inverter. A specific hardware using FPGA was developed to generate the switches signals command. This hardware is responsible for the autonomous frequency generation (in FM mode) and pulse width (PW) both are easily programmed by software, setting free the microcontroller for others applications. This system may be programmed using a personal computer which give us a high level of flexibility, allowing the study of different ballasts topologies, power filters, new control and dimmer techniques, as well as, acoustic resonance effect on high intensity discharge (HID) lamps. Finally, experimental results will be presented for a 250 W electronic ballast for a high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamp, however this system may be used for any kind of discharge lamps.
142	A.S. Morais, C.A. Gallo, E.A.A. Coelho, L.C. de Freitas, J.C. Oliveira, J.B. Vieira, "An electronic ballast employing a forward topology with low duty cycle and high power factor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 806- 811 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a high power factor electronic ballast used in fluorescent lamps. This topology has been obtained by combining a forward converter and an inverter topology. This topology is different from others because the forward converter operates with low duty cycle to provide high power factor, and low harmonic distortion.
143	C.A. Gallo, F.L. Tofoli, A.S. Morais, A.E. Demian, L.C. Freitas, V.J. Farias, E.A.A. Coelho, J.B. Vieira, "Association of a ZCZVS PWM three-level full-bridge McMurray inverter and an auxiliary power supply," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 812- 817 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a PWM inverter that allows the main switches to be turned on and off at zero voltage and zero current with controlled di/dt and dv/dt rates. The reverse recovery losses of the main diodes are minimized, and the auxiliary switches are turned on and off in a ZCS mode. The main switches turning-on at zero current can reduce significantly the undesirable effects of the parasitic inductances related to the circuit layout. The commutation losses are practically reduced to zero, as well as the EMI levels. The operation of the ZCZVS PWM Full-Bridge McMurray, using an auxiliary power supply to the control system, is analyzed, and design guidelines for the auxiliary commutation cell are recommended based on this study. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed 2 kW inverter.
144	Jong-Hae Kim, S. Hayakawa, T. Suzuki, K. Hirana, Y. Matsui, S. Okuma, N. Tsuchida, "Capturing and modeling of driving skills under a three dimensional virtual reality system based on PWPS," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 818- 823 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper has develops a new framework to understand the human's driving maneuver based on the expression as HDS focusing on the driver's stopping maneuver. The driving data has been collected by using the three-dimensional driving simulator based on CAVE, which provides three-dimensional visual information. In our modeling, the relationship between the measured information such as distance to the stop line, its first and second derivatives and the braking amount has been expressed by the PWPS model, which is a class of HDS. The key idea to solve the identification problem was to formulate the problem as the MILP with replacing the switching conditions by binary variables. From the obtained results, it is found that the driver appropriately switches the 'control law' according to the following scenario: At the beginning of the stopping behavior (just after finding the stopping point), the driver decelerate the vehicle based on the acceleration information, and then switch to the control law based on the distance to the stop line.
145	Zhi Wang, Shanbin Li, Yeqiong Song, Tianran Wang, Youxian Sun, "Realtime evaluation and improvement of FF on aperiodic messages," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 824- 829 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: How to support real-time traffic of important aperiodic messages using Foundation Fieldbus (FF) is investigated in this paper. An integrated worst-case response time (WCRT) analysis of aperiodic message indicates FF can't effectively guarantee real-time traffic of important aperiodic message despite FF providing such mechanisms as PT (Pass Token) priority and PT rotation period, etc. After finding the cause of current mechanism' deficiency, an improved mechanism proposed and validated with simulation in this paper. Further, some conclusions such as ongoing work are provided in this paper.
146	Hongxia Yin, Zhi Wang, Tian Ran Wang, Yeqiong Song, Tao Fang, Youxian Sun, "Mean cyclic period of polling model with double classes of objects in each queue," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 830- 835 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: To evaluate time-token based network protocol, such as FF and Profibus, a new polling model, PMDC is investigated. Firstly, PMDC (in this paper, the two classes of object within each queue is deserved gated service and limited service respectively) is described normally. Secondly, the embedded Markov chain of object waiting queue length under stable condition is constructed. Then mean cyclic period under system equilibrium is deduced by means of generating function and Laplace-Stieltjes Transform, and the result is is emended after the effect of part or all unstable limited queues being considered. At last, analytical is validated by numerical simulation.
147	Shanbin Li, Zhi Wang, Youxian Sun, "A novel auto-tuning robust PID controller for networked control system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 836- 841 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Network-induced delay has a significant effect on the performance of NCS. The existence of network makes the design and analysis of NCS complex. This paper aims to present a novel dual PID controller for NCS after making some reasonable simplification of the complex structure of NCS. One of advantages of the novel PID controller is that it improves dynamic performance and disturbance rejection capability. Meanwhile, the control performance of the novel PID has been compared with that of a conventional PID.
148	Xu-Dong Ren, Shan-Bin Li, Zhi Wang, Ming-Zhe Yuan, You-Xian Sun, "A QoS management scheme for paralleled networked control systems with CAN bus," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 842- 847 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Recently, parallel computation has been applied to many areas while there are little examples about its implementation in control systems. Here a parallel computation method for networked control systems is introduced, with an example of pipeline parallelism. The paralleled networked control systems could increase sampling rates and then improve the quality of performance. But such a parallelism would also increase the amount of data, which aggravates network load. In this case, QoS management is necessary to improve the overall utilization of system resources, which is feasible due to applying of smart control devices. So a QoS management scheme called MVTF is presented according to aggravated transmission delay and delay jitter arising within paralleled systems. And a simulation to evaluate the scheme is carried out to paralleled networked control systems closed over a CAN bus. This scheme is also compared to a well known scheme. Simulation results show that the QoS management scheme for the paralleled networked control systems is effective.
149	Y. Kosaka, A. Shimada, P. Viboonchaicheep, "Vibration control without estimated disturbance feedback for robot manipulators," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 848- 853 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the vibration suppression control technique for the robot manipulators. To make the technique fit for practice, the presented robot controller is characterized by the function that considers the low-stiffness kept in the mechanical reduction gears in the robot joints. And it is designed as the sampled-data servo controller using the state space form digital disturbance observer. The reason not to utilize the transfer function form disturbance observer but the state space form one is to make the best use of the feature that the latter one can estimates not only disturbance but also the other state variables under the disturbance. And we suppose that the presented control method including above observer is essentially useful for such low-stiffness plants.
150	P. Viboonchaicheep, A. Shimada, Y. Kosaka, "Position rectification control for Mecanum wheeled omni-directional vehicles," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 854- 859 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In recent years, an omni-directional vehicle system using Mecanum wheels has been developed and used in wheel-chairs. It should be more widely utilized as a kind of robot for intelligent wheelchairs or vehicle robots for hazards by making the best use of its unique features. This paper presents a position rectification method during position and orientation control with multi-sampling periods. The control system is based on unique kinematics, which are under holonomic constraints. The idea for the proposed rectification method consisting of symptomatic rectification and preventive rectification has been borrowed from medical science.
151	M. Kohvakka, M. Hannikainen, T.D. Hamalainen, "Performance of a PC/104 based wireless diagnostics system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 860- 865 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a performance analysis of a prototype diagnostics system targeted for industrial applications. The system consists of wireless sensor modules and an access point, which controls modules and bridges the measurement data to fixed network. The prototype hardware platform consists of PC/104 based embedded computers equipped with A/D converters, battery packs, diagnostics application and protocol software, and IEEE 802.11b Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) adapters. The power consumption and the size of the diagnostics modules are optimized to enable 8 hours wireless operation on batteries. Network measurement results indicate adequate reliability using up to 90% of the available network throughput significantly, and the placement of modules becomes important. Performance of the 300 MHz PC/104 platform is adequate for the diagnostics module, but the access point requires a higher performance processor.
152	V. Kapsalis, K. Charatsis, M. Georgoudakis, G. Papadopoulos, "Architecture for Web-based services integration," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 866- 871 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Industrial applications and systems still lack in adopting the Web Services architecture. Legacy systems, either OPC-based or proprietary ones, compose a huge source of data, which can be migrated and integrated into enterprise-level information systems. Within the context of prevailing and emerging technologies, such as HTTP, XML, SOAP, OPC and Web-enabled application servers, we propose an architecture that allows for the integration of existing stand-alone industrial automation systems into Web-based distributed environments, forming the base for the provision of large-scale e-services by a multitude of service providers to industrial-type clients.
153	L. Horvath, I.J. Rudas, "Modeling behavior of engineering objects using design intent model," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 872- 876 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper introduces a method for design intent based behavior modeling of mechanical products. Environment adaptive model objects are applied for description of product related engineering objects. Knowledge is embedded, integrated, or referred in the model objects as description of design intent. Design intent controls creation and modification of product model objects. Behaviors of the modeled engineering objects are simulated for typical circumstances. Results of simulation are evaluated then applied at modification of environment adaptive product model objects. After an outline of the approach by the authors to the reported modeling, intent and knowledge sources are discussed and analyzed. Following this, application of intent definitions in environment adaptive model objects is shown. Finally, implementation and application issues are discussed.
154	A.G. Scolari, L. Campestrini, R. Fehlberg, L.F.A. Pereira, "An integrated hardware and software design of a mobile robot," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 877- 881 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Presents a prototype of a mobile robot that is mainly characterized by it's real time operation based in the environment of Matlab/Simulink. The whole necessary task for an autonomous navigation and mobile robot control is done in a hierarchical and easy reprogramming way. The paper describes simulation results based on the robot's kinematic model and practical results of real time navigation related to control, localization, path planning in a known environment.
155	Ping Zhang, K. Tanaka, E. Shimizu, M. Ito, "A teleoperating system for underwater manipulator with virtual model aid," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 882- 886 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper explores the use of virtual reality technology to help visualize the remote environment and control the remote underwater robot indirectly. Also an online parameter prediction system is developed to cope with the time delay. The paper consists of two parts: (I) the development of improved virtual model based teleoperating system, and (II) an investigation into the feasibility of the predictor performance. The experimental system is an Internet-based teleoperating system for an underwater 7-axis manipulator. The task of this project is a time-limited task. That is to retrieve and catch a moving target in the water through the tele-operating system.
156	Z.M. Salameh, C. Alaoui, "Modeling and simulation of a Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicles," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 887- 890 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicles (EV) based on the Peltier-Effect Heat Pumps was designed, fabricated, installed into an EV and its performance was tested. A mathematical model was derived from this system and was simulated using a SPICE program. The results show the applicability of the Peltier-effect heat pumps for the temperature regulation of an EV.
157	M. Ehsani, Yimin Gao, S. Gay, "Characterization of electric motor drives for traction applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 891- 896 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The ideal characteristics of an electric motor drive for traction application in an electric and hybrid electric vehicle are high torque at low speed region for fast acceleration, hill climbing and obstacle negotiation, and low torque at high speed for normal driving. To minimize the power rating of the motor drive, therefore, the energy storage power rating, at the given vehicle performance, the electric motor drive is required to have a long constant power range to meet the torque and speed demand. In this paper, the effect of the motor characteristics on the vehicle performance is analyzed, and the characteristics of three major electric motors-induction motor, permanent magnet brushless DC motor and switched reluctance motor are investigated.
158	A. Drolia, P. Jose, N. Mohan, "An approach to connect ultracapacitor to fuel cell powered electric vehicle and emulating fuel cell electrical characteristics using switched mode converter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 897- 901 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Future generation automobiles are being developed on fuel cell as the principal source of power generation in automobiles. Automobiles have fast changing load requirements like acceleration or sudden uphill, thus drastically increasing load torque. Fuel cell cannot respond to these fast changing load due to it's slow dynamic response. A solution is to provide the additional energy required by increased load with secondary source of energy like ultracapacitor till fuel cell responds to the increased load current. This paper proposes a new approach to interface ultracapacitor with fuel cell as secondary source of energy using bi-directional synchronous buck converter. A novel scheme to control fuel cell terminal voltage is presented. This control scheme prevents any substantial droop in fuel cell terminal voltage during sudden load change or disturbance. The whole system with fuel cell model was simulated in SIMULINK for step change in load current. Simulation results show gradual transformation of fuel cell terminal voltage from initial steady state to final steady state with ultracapacitor providing energy during transients, hence avoiding the characteristic fuel cell voltage droop. This paper also proposes a novel method to emulate steady and dynamic electrical characteristics of fuel cell using DSP controlled buck converter.
159	K. Jezernik, G. Edelbaher, "Sensorless torque VSS control of EV," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 902- 907 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Novel induction motor speed sensorless torque control optimizing both torque response and efficiency is proposed. The control is quite different than the conventional field-oriented or direct torque control. First, the produced torque is explicitly continuous output variable of control. Second, a new rotor flux observer, which allows speed sensorless operation of IM by low and zero speed, was developed. A new stator and rotor flux controller/observer based on continuous sliding mode and Lyapunov theory are developed. The proposed robust control scheme allows a smooth transition into the field weakening region and the full utilization of the inverter current and voltage capability during acceleration or regenerative braking of EV. The drive system including an 18 kW, 4 pole, 120 V battery-powered IM and a 30 kW IGBT inverter has been applied to a pick up truck (EV).
160	Jeong-Seong Kim, S. Doki, M. Ishida, "Harmonics suppression of PMSM using repetitive control and application to improvement of sensorless control performance," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 908- 912 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Using the repetitive control, Authors have proposed the suppression method of harmonic currents in the vector control system for PMSM. In this paper, we propose a new simplified harmonics suppression system and a method improving the stability margin of the control system and convergence speed of harmonics. With stability analysis and experimental results, we confirm the proposed method. Moreover, this paper shows that the proposed control system can be used for improvement of position/velocity sensorless control performance with voltage commands and currents that are purified by the repetitive control. To evaluate our proposed system, the sensorless control system which is constructed on the basis of the extended EMF disturbance observer is taken as an example, and the improvement effectiveness of the proposed control system is confirmed by experimental results.
161	C. Chakraborty, M.C. Ta, T. Hori, "Speed sensorless, efficiency optimized control of induction motor drives suitable for EV applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 913- 918 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Electric motors, those are used with the electric vehicles must have high efficiency for maximum utilization of the energy from the batteries and/or fuel cells. Also to be popular, these motors must be compact, lightweight, less expensive and may be recycled very easily. Furthermore, to have increased safety and reliability, it is better if the speed sensor is dispensed with. All these aspects calls for an efficiency optimized, speed sensorless control technique that offers sufficiently high performance. This paper presents one such control technique for the Induction Motor to make it suitable for the EV applications. The efficiency optimization is based on the measurement or estimation of the active power input to the machine while the speed sensorless algorithm is developed utilizing the reactive power. Simulation results and experimental results are presented.
162	L. Parsa, H.A. Toliyat, "A self reconfigurable electric motor controller for hybrid electric vehicle applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 919- 924 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a novel approach to design a self reconfigurable electric motor controller for hybrid electric vehicle application is proposed. This system detects the current sensors failure and will estimate the current successfully such that the motor continues working safely. The motor model is used for estimating the currents. The phase currents are estimated using Luenberger type observer. The state space equations in this study have been decoupled and linearized using the feedback linearization technique. Hall sensors which have the resolution of 60 degrees have been used instead of high resolution position sensors. The proposed method has been simulated in Matlab/Simulink under different speed commands and different load torques. The results show the excellent performance of the developed method. The developed observer can also successfully stand for the current sensors during the whole operating time. The proposed drive is implemented on a three phase, four pole interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor and the Texas Instruments TMS320LF2407 digital signal processor is used for performing the digital control algorithm. Experimental results show the successful operation of the proposed system.
163	K. Furukawa, Y. Hori, "Recent development of road condition estimation techniques for electric vehicle and their experimental evaluation using the test EV "UOT March and I and II"," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 925- 930 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, the latest developed results are described about road surface condition estimation for Electric Vehicles (EVs). The road surface condition, represented by "frictional coefficient vs. slip ratio" characteristics, is the most important information for advanced vehicle control, like active safety system. In Hori laboratory, various road surface condition estimation techniques have been proposed using driving-force observer. This observer is based on one of the excellent features of EVs, i.e., motor torque can be known easily and precisely from motor current. First, the principle of the driving-force observer is explained. Next, the road surface condition estimation techniques, /spl mu/ gradient, /spl mu//sub peak/ and /spl lambda//sub opt/ estimation techniques are introduced. At last, applications of these estimation techniques are shown and confirmed using experimental EVs "UOT March I and II".
164	N. Mutoh, Y. Miyamoto, T. Horigome, K. Takita, "Driving characteristics of an electric vehicle system with independently driven front and rear wheels," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 931- 938 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new type electric vehicle drive system is proposed which has suitable functions for an urban car to easily cope with common situations such as traffic jams, and starting and stopping operations, and the special situation of failure of the motor drive system while running on city routs. The proposed electric vehicle drive system has a permanent magnet synchronous motor (SM) for the front wheel drive and an induction motor (IM) for the rear wheel drive. Various functions have been verified through simulations and experiences with an experimental driving apparatus equivalent to the actual system.
165	H. Ed Bargar, Jingbo Li, D.J. Goering, J.H. Lee, "Modeling and verification of Hybrid Electric HMMWV performance," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 939- 944 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The U.S. Military, through the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and the U.S. Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Command (TACOM) have sponsored the development of three different versions of the Hybrid Electric High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HE-HMMWV). The most recent version of this vehicle was designed by PEI Electronics, Inc. (PEI) and a limited number of prototypes have been constructed. This paper describes the modeling of this vehicle using a set of customized model components that have been formulated using the PNGV Systems Analysis Toolkit (PSAT). Model output has been obtained for the standard Federal Urban Drive Cycle (FUDS). In an effort to provide model verification, the model output data is compared to field test results obtained from a prototype vehicle driven to mimic the FUDS profile. Comparison between model output and field data shows generally good agreement demonstrating the value of model performance prediction. Additional improvements are expected to result from continuing analysis of field data and more accurate incorporation of vehicle control strategies and component behavior.
166	J.R. Pimentel, "Safety-reliability of distributed embedded system fault tolerant units," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 945- 950 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper we compare the relative performance of two fault tolerant mechanisms dealing with repairable and non-repairable components that have failed. The relative improvement in the reliability and safety of a system with repairable components is calculated with respect to the corresponding system where the components are not repairable. The fault tolerant systems under study correspond to a flexible arrangement of fault tolerant units (FTU's) suitable for dependable distributed embedded systems. A simple simulation-based methodology to numerically evaluate dependability functions of a wide variety of fault tolerant units is used. The method is based on simulation of stochastic Petri nets. A set of 15 FTU configurations belonging to five groups is analysed. The methodology allows a quick and accurate evaluation of dependability functions of any distributed embedded system design in terms of the type of FTU (i.e., node or application), replicas per group, replicas per FTU, with or without repair functionality, and shared replicas.
167	D. Schroder, "Intelligent computation and nonlinear control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 951- 956 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper we present identification methods for nonlinear mechatronic systems. First, we consider a system consisting of a known linear part and an unknown static nonlinearity. With this approach, using an intelligent observer, it is possible to identify the nonlinear characteristic and to estimate all unmeasurable system states. The identification result of the nonlinearity and the estimated system states are used to improve the controller performance. Secondly, the first approach is extended to systems where both, the linear parameters and the nonlinear characteristic are unknown. This is achieved by implementing the intelligent observer as a structured recurrent neural network.
168	R.W. De Doncker, "Twenty years of digital signal processing in power electronics and drives," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 957- 960 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: About twenty years ago the first digital signal processor (DSP) chips were introduced to the market. Although DSPs were initially developed for military and speech recognition applications, they quickly became a corner stone of many digital control hardware in power electronic systems, especially in high-dynamic electrical drives. This paper presents a review of DSP development, related hardware structures and how they affected drive control design.
169	M. Bajnok, B. Buti, Z. Suto, I. Nagy, "Surprises stemming from using linear models for nonlinear systems: review," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 961- 971 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The first part of the paper gives a bird-eye view of the state of the art of nonlinear dynamics emphasizing the new class of phenomena called chaos. The second part describes briefly three examples from the field of nonlinear power electronic systems exhibiting surprising properties.
170	I. Boldea, "Control of electric generators: a review," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 972- 980 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The present paper presents recent progress on the control of electric generators ranging from: synchronous generators control in power systems and doubly-fed induction generators for pump-storage power plants and wind turbines to gensets, automotive generator/motor for ICE, hybrid and electric vehicles and linear oscillatory generators for automotive and home electricity production. Integrated speed and voltage (active and reactive power) control for synchronous generators in more responsive power systems and variable speed generator control for more flexibility and faster active and reactive power control are key trends in the control of electric generators.
171	M.P. Kazmierkowski, G. Buja, "Review of direct torque control methods for voltage source inverter-fed induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 981- 991 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a review of recently used direct torque and flux control (DTC) techniques for voltage source inverter-fed induction motors. A variety of techniques, different in concept, are described as follows: switching table (ST) based hysteresis DTC, direct self control (DSC), constant switching frequency DTC with space vector modulation (DTC-SVM). Trends in the DTC-SVM techniques based on neuro fuzzy logic controllers are presented. Some oscillograms that illustrate properties of the presented techniques are shown.
172	M. Morisawa, T. Tsuji, Y. Nishioka, K. Akuzawa, H. Takahashi, K. Ohnishi, "Contact motion in unknown environment," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 992- 996 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a contact motion in unknown environment. It is required to take in a kinematic and a dynamic information of unknown environment in order to utilize for control of contact motion. However, an environmental information is obtained only after the robot contacts with environment. Hence, it is difficult to enhance the robustness of the force for contact motion. The design method with the clear characteristic of a contact motion will be required. In this paper, two examples of typical contact motion control are shown. One is a bilateral control and the other is a control of a paddle foot for biped walking. Both controllers are based on acceleration control and the characteristic of systems are clarified by using Hadamard matrix. In order to improve the prospect of the system, the information of environmental mode is quarried by using Hadamard matrix. Modal transmission from environment to the final posture should change adaptively according to the situation. The viability of these approaches for contact motion is shown in numerical simulations.
173	A. Sabanovic, "Sliding modes in power electronics and motion control systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 997- 1002 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper the concepts, design aspects and application of Sliding Mode Control (SMC) systems to power electronics and motion control systems are discussed. The salient features of the Variable Structure Systems (VSS) with sliding modes are order reduction, decoupling in the design procedure, insensitivity in plant parameter changes and disturbances rejection. Simple implementation makes concepts of SMC very attractive in power electronics and motion control systems. Application to problems like control of DC and AC converters, the control of electrical machines and the design of the observers for electrical machines are discussed.
174	W. Schumacher, "Field oriented control in digital implementation, a stable platform for drives in future mechatronic applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 1003- 1007 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Field oriented control, sometimes also called vector control is a well known scheme to control AC machines. The paper gives the historic development lines and outlines the technology base necessary to implement it. Some of the differences and common aspects of the competing scheme of direct torque control are discussed. Key issues to dynamic performance are pointed out.
175	J.D. van Wyk, F.C. Lee, D. Boroyevich, Zhenxian Liang, Kaiwei Yao, "A future approach to integration in power electronics systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 1008- 1019 vol.1, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Assemblies of power semiconductor switches and their associated drive circuit are at present available in modules. Upward into the multi-kilowatt range, mixed mode module construction is used. This incorporates monolithic, hybrid, surface mount and wirebond technology. However, a close examination of the applications in motor drives and power supplies indicates that there has been no dramatic volume reduction of the subsystem. The power semiconductor modules have shrunk the power switching part of the converter, but the bulk of the subsystem volume still comprises the associated control, sensing, electromagnetic power passives (inductors, transformers, capacitors) and interconnects. This paper addresses the improvement of power processing technology through advanced integration of power electronics. The goal of a subsystem in a module necessitates this advanced integration, incorporating active switching stages, EMI-filters and electromagnetic power passives into modules. The central philosophy of the technology development research in the National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center for Power Electronic Systems is to advance the state of the art by providing the concept of integrated power electronics modules (IPEMs) for all these functions. The technology underpinning such an IPEM approach is discussed. The fundamental functions in electronic power processing, the materials, processes and integration approaches and future concepts are explained.
176	"Author index," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.1 , pp. 1020- 1035, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Not Available

IEEE Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference

Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference

Vol.2 , 2-6 Nov. 2003 Access to the IES Annual Conference on IEEE XPLORE IE Transactions Home Page

1	"The 29th Annual Conference of the Ieee Industrial Electronics Society," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. i- xliv, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Not Available
2	Tian-Hua Liu, Ching-Guo Chen, "Design and implementation of adaptive backstepping controller for switched reluctance drive systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1021- 1026 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes an adaptive backstepping speed-loop controller for a switched reluctance motor drive system. The details of the controller design and analysis are discussed. By using a 32-bit microprocessor, a fully digital drive system including a digital speed-loop controller and a digital current-loop controller is implemented here. The hardware circuit of the drive system is very simple. The adjustable speed range of the system is from 10 r/min to 3000 r/min. In addition, the proposed drive system performs well in tracking ability, load disturbance rejection capability, and robustness. Several experimental results are presented in the paper to validate the theoretic analysis.
3	A.K. Jain, N. Mohan, "Modeling and experimental characterization of SRMs for simultaneous two phase excitation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1027- 1032 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Dynamic modeling of switched reluctance motors (SRMs) is usually done on a per phase basis. However, in most applications, SRMs are used with simultaneous excitation of more than one phase. Thus, a model accounting for mutual coupling in the presence of magnetic saturation is needed to predict and optimize their performance in terms of efficiency and torque ripple. This paper presents a two phase excitation model of the SRM. Motor symmetry is used to reduce the amount of flux linkage data needed for the model. An experimental procedure to obtain the flux linkage data is described. Measured flux linkage data for the 8/6 SRM are included. Simulation results obtained from the two phase model implemented in Simulink are presented along with their implications for steady state performance.
4	Zhengyu Lin, D.S. Reay, B.W. Williams, Xiangning He, "On-line instant torque estimation of switched reluctance motor using adaptive B-spline neural network," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1033- 1037 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel on-line instant torque estimation scheme for a switched reluctance motor (SRM) is presented. In the proposed method, an adaptive B-spline neural network is used to learn the non-linear flux-linkage and torque characteristics of a SRM. Due to the local nature of its generalisation properties, the training of the B-spline neural network is accomplished on-line and in real-time, and the system does not require a priori knowledge of the machine's electromagnetic characteristics. The potential of the method is demonstrated successfully in simulation and experimentally using a 300 W 12/8 3-phase SRM.
5	R. Kusch, D. Naunin, R.D. Lorenz, "Encoderless position estimation of a squirrel cage synchronous reluctance machine," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1038- 1043 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Position sensorless control for a commercially available squirrel cage synchronous reluctance machine is presented. The contributions of this paper are twofold. First encoderless position estimation for a squirrel cage synchronous reluctance machine using high frequency carrier signal injection is shown. The estimation accuracy and dynamic properties in particular at low speed have been investigated. Experimental results of robust position estimation with a 4 kW SyncRM are given. Second, a rather general approach to increase the SNR for small and noisy signal is presented. Especially for machines without a distinct saliency image, the low signal-to-noise ratio is problematic. Extract the desired signal and distinguish from unwanted frequencies is a precarious issue.
6	S. Rahmani, K. Al-Haddad, F. Fnaiech, P. Agarwal, "Modified PWM with indirect current control technique applied to a single-phase shunt active power filter topology," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1044- 1049 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents and analyses a new indirect current control technique applied to single-phase shunt active power filter (SPSAPF) implemented with pulse width modulation (PWM) based on two comparisons to compensate harmonics and reactive power of a non-linear load. This method uses a residual signal constructed from the comparison between the supply current and the desired value. To evaluate its performance, we have compared it with the direct current control technique based on the classic demodulation. The PWM control technique adopted is based on two comparisons of a triangular high frequency carrier signal and the source harmonic current. This harmonic signal namely +v and its opposite value -v are used, at the same instant, in the comparison process to generate the gate signals for the semi-conductor devices. By using the averaging technique, the direct consequence of using this PWM technique is that the transfer function of the SPSAPF becomes a pure gain. Simulation results using power system blockset Toolbox PSB of Matlab show the performance of the new control algorithm for SPSAPF implemented with the PWM adopted and its capability to compensate harmonics and reactive power.
7	M.G. Lopez, L.T. Moran, J.C. Espinoza, J.R. Dixon, "Performance analysis of a hybrid asymmetric multilevel inverter for high voltage active power filter applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1050- 1055 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An active power filter implemented with multiples single-phase full bridge voltage-source inverters connected in series (known as cascaded hybrid asymmetric multilevel inverter or binary multilevel VSI) is presented and analyzed in this paper. The proposed active power filter is aimed to compensate current harmonic components in medium and high voltage power distribution systems. A control scheme is developed to allow the operation of the inverter modules at different voltages and switching frequencies. Also, a simple method to calculate the reference signal for each inverter is proposed. Simulated waveforms for steady-state and transient operating conditions prove the viability of the proposed topology.
8	J. Miret, O. Lopez, M. Castilla, J. Matas, J.M. Guerrero, "A sliding mode control of an active power filter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1056- 1060 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The main difficulty to control an active filter is linked to the nature of the load, and especially when the load is capacitive. In this paper, to solve this problem, a sliding mode control is conceived by imposing a desired dynamics in the mains current. A passive filter in series with the load is introduced to reduce the instabilities due to source output inductance. The sliding mode control allows us to compensate the harmonic distortion and phase displacement of the line current, even correcting capacitive loads.
9	P. Rodriquez, R. Pindado, J. Pou, "Energy control of three-phase four-wire shunt active power filter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1061- 1066 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a three-phase four-wire active power filter controlled under an energy approach. For active power filter implementation, a nonconventional converter topology is presented and analyzed. With this topology, and considering harmonics and imbalances in utility voltage and load current, power requirements on the active power filter are studied. From this study, a controller based on the energy state of the system is designed. In this paper, an analytical study and verification by simulation are conducted.
10	E.M. Guiotto, K.M. Smedley, "Switching flow-graph nonlinear model of active power filters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1067- 1073 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper a large signal model is developed based on the switching flow-graph method to study the steady-state and dynamic response of three-phase active power filters (APF). This method translates switching converters directly to graphic dynamic large signal models and uses graphic representation to reveal the causes and effect relationship of the dynamics within an APF. Three-phase APF circuits with one-cycle control are used to test this modeling method. APF switching flow-graph is general, easy to use, and accurate. It provides deep physical insight for engineering design and dynamic analysis of active power filters.
11	Ku Chin Lin, "On the development of a visual inspection system for golf logos - part 1 matching of logo characters and drawings," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1074- 1079 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: There is a demanding need for manufacturers to reduce the escape rate on inspection of golf balls. Vision-based inspection is then proposed to fulfill this need. This paper presents a preliminary work on the development of a visual inspection system for golf logos. This preliminary work includes the development of a vision-based mechanism to control the orientation of golf logos for automatic inspection. Included in this work is also the development of a logo matching method, which emphasizes the importance of using the size, shape, topology, and spatial relations of logo contours. Detailed description of the proposed logo matching method is given. Illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method.
12	D.J. Lee, S. Redd, R. Schoenberger, Xiaoqian Xu, Pengcheng Zhan, "An automated fish species classification and migration monitoring system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1080- 1085 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The quantification of abundance, distribution, and movement of fish is critical to ecological and environmental studies of fish communities. To properly manage, regulate, and protect migratory fisheries it is essential to accurately monitor numbers, size, and species of fish at specific fish passages during migratory seasons. Currently, all monitoring is done manually with significant time and financial constraints. An automated fish classification system will simplify data gathering and improve data accuracy. In this research, 22 images of 9 target species were recorded. The contour of each image was extracted to form a closed curve for shape analysis. A new shape analysis algorithm was developed for removing edge noise and redundant data points such as short straight lines. A curvature function analysis was used to locate critical landmark points. The fish contour segments of interest were then extracted based on these landmark points for species classification. By comparing individual contour segments to the curves in the database, accurate pattern matching was achieved.
13	D.J. Lee, D. Bates, C. Dromey, Xiaoqian Xu, "A vision system performing lip shape analysis for speech pathology research," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1086- 1091 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: We have built a machine vision system to perform lip shape analysis and recognition and to generate 3-D lip models for speech pathology research. The system employs two color cameras that are synchronized to capture image video pairs simultaneously. A novel color segmentation technique that converts the RGB color components to linear color space has been developed to extract lip shape contours. Lip shape of the viseme, the smallest visibly distinguishable unit of speech, is used to identify its corresponding image frame in the recorded image sequences. It is also used to reconstruct the 3-D lip shape model as a quantitative description of the visible aspects of spoken language for speech pathology research.
14	Tae-Won Chun, Kyung-Man Kim, Hong-Hee Lee, Heung-Gun Kim, Eui-Cheol Nho, "Fast scanning method for container stacking profile with one laser sensor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1092- 1096 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The container stack profile scanning system is very important for yard crane automation, which is to monitor the number of containers stacked at each slot in the yard. In this paper, the novel method of scanning the container stack profile accurately and rapidly with one laser sensor is suggested. The laser sensor is mounted on the trolley, and measures the height of the container stack. The stack profile at each yard slot is monitored continuously and dynamically as the trolley and gantry move. Errors in the data of the stack height that might possibly occur due to vibration in the trolley during movement are eliminated with the use of a digital compass. The algorithm to reduce the scanning time as the crane travels on the optimum routine to minimize the movement distance is proposed. The experimental results using a simulator of yard crane are reported.
15	L. Yenilmez, H. Temeltas, "Long range navigation using 3-D topological map for general purposes," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1097- 1100 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this study, given the topological structure, a three dimensional view of a working zone is constructed and analysed using a computer. The topological data is assumed to be present in a numerical format. Then, according to this data, a 3-D shape of the land is represented and viewed from different angles using a mouse or joystick. Alternative paths are entered to the computer and then each path cost functions are calculated. As an example, this may help plan a special mission in an unknown topographic structure. Special goals and spots can be marked on the map. Tracing paths can be planned. Furthermore, the localisation of the vehicle can be effectively planned using a 3-D topological map. The proposed study can also be used to explore or make a survey of a region for some special proposes. Like, laying pipelines or planning power distribution lines. One of the advantages of the proposed modelling scheme is that the surface can be examined and path costs can be calculated on any average personal or notebook computer without requiring high computation speed. Therefore the system can be easily carried on to the working field. Thus, the environment can be geographically observed and the tasks can be planned on the present position.
16	Jian Sun, "Analysis and design of single-phase PFC converters for airborne systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1101- 1109 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The stringent limits on harmonic current distortion for airborne equipment call for the development of power-factor-corrected (PFC) ac-dc converters with performance not offered by existing designs for terrestrial applications. The design challenge is further compounded by the use of high-frequency (400 Hz at the present, 360-800 Hz variable frequency in the future) ac sources. Different causes that contribute to input current distortions of single-phase PFC converters are analyzed in this paper to develop a quantitative understanding of various distortion generation mechanisms. Particular emphasis is placed on current harmonic distortion around zero crossing points of the input voltage. A new cause for current crossover distortion is discussed based upon a simple analytical model of the current control loop. Cusp distortion, distortion due to discontinuous conduction mode of operation, and the effects of dc-side filter capacitor are also discussed. Various distortion reduction techniques, including adding a phase delay to the reference, adaptive current loop gain, and feedforward control, are presented along with numerical simulation and experimental results to validate the analysis.
17	R. Krishnan, D. Blanding, A. Bhanot, A.M. Staley, N.S. Lobo, "High reliability SRM drive system for aerospace applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1110- 1115 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Switched reluctance machines (SRMs) have been extensively researched for mission critical high performance applications due to their high reliability, performance, fault-tolerance and high power densities. This paper discusses a high power density, high reliability SRM design for aerospace applications. This is in line with the more electric aircraft initiative that has been in place for many years and aims at utilizing electric power to drive subsystems in aerospace applications. These electric subsystems are intended to replace the historical hydraulic, pneumatic and mechanical power transfer systems, leading to better performance and efficiencies. The machine design is verified using commercially available 2-D and 3-D finite element analysis (FEA) software. A dynamic simulator program to verify the operation of the machine using an asymmetric bridge converter is designed and developed, and results of the simulator are included.
18	H.-R. Chang, E. Hanna, A.V. Radun, "Demonstration of silicon carbide (SiC) -based motor drive," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1116- 1121 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a SiC-based motor drive technology used to achieve compact power conversion. The static and dynamic characterization of 600 V SiC MOS-enhanced JFETs and SiC Schottky free-wheeling diodes (FWDs) designed and fabricated at Rockwell Scientific, are performed. The power loss and related voltage and current stress of the SiC MOS-enhanced JFET and SiC Schottky FWD are measured and compared to that of a state-of-the-art silicon IGBTs and PlN FWDs with ratings equal to the SiC ratings. For the same power rating (25 A, 600 V), the area of the SiC die making up the inverter modules are about 60% of a commercial 25 A IGBT die. The total power loss of SiC inverter module is reduced by 52.5% compared with the Si IGBT module. SiC inverter modules are used to successfully drive 10 hp motor.
19	A. Uan-Zo-li, R. Burgos, F. Wang, D. Boroyevich, F. Lacaux, A. Tardy, "Comparison of prospective topologies for aircraft autotransformer-rectifier units," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1122- 1127 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper explores the feasibility of employing 18-pulse autotransformer rectifier units (ATRUs) for more electric aircrafts, thus expanding the usage of these converters onto variable, high frequency applications. Particularly, the paper presents a detailed comparison of three 18-pulse ATRUs, based on input ac harmonic current distortion, output voltage regulation, common mode voltage, impact of impedance mismatch between rectifier paths and impact of input voltage harmonic distortion. The comparison is carried out for the full range of the input line frequency from 400 to 800 Hz. Key analyses and results obtained with Saber simulations are presented for validation of the presented work.
20	C.C. Cheah, H.C. Liaw, "Stability of task-space feedback control for robots with uncertain actuator model: theory and experiments," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1128- 1133 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a task-space setpoint controller with uncertain actuator model is proposed. It is shown that the asymptotic stability of the robot's motion can still be guaranteed even with uncertainties in the actuator and dynamics models. Sufficient conditions for choosing the feedback gains are presented to guarantee the stability. The proposed controller is implemented on an industrial robot, Puma 560, to demonstrate the feasibility of the controller.
21	T. Tajikawa, T. Tabaru, S. Shin, "Expression and analysis of algorithm via dynamical system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1134- 1139 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Only "testing" checks the reliability and quality of software systems. Our target is analyzing an algorithm mathematically and supporting to check its bugs automatically. The algorithm should be modeled on equations to be analyzed mathematically. In this paper, we transform the algorithm into the mixed logical dynamical (MLD) system, which can express both discrete and continuous dynamics. As a result, we can analyze the algorithm mathematically, and support to check the bugs.
22	Y. Ohta, K. Takenaka, N. Fukuta, "Robust stabilization and enlargement of attractive region of control systems using piecewise linear Lyapunov functions," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1140- 1145 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present a method to design control gain matrices by using piecewise linear Lyapunov functions so that closed systems are robust stable and attractive regions are as large as possible in given polytopic regions. The design problems for these specifications are formulated as bilinear minimization problems whose variables are parameters included in piecewise linear Lyapunov functions and control gain matrices. The main result of this paper is to propose a method to solve bilinear programming problems so that the objective value at the obtained solution is in an /spl epsi/ neighborhood of the global optimal value.
23	Yuye Wang, Yong Feng, Xinghuo Yu, Niaona Zhang, "Terminal sliding mode control of MIMO linear systems with unmatched uncertainties," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1146- 1151 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a terminal sliding mode controller for the MIMO linear systems with the unmatched uncertainties. A special terminal sliding mode manifold and control technique are proposed to guarantee the system states to reach the sliding mode manifold in finite time, and subsequently converge to the neighborhood of the equilibrium points in finite time. The mathematical relationship between the neighborhood of the equilibrium points and the range of the unmatched uncertainties and parameters of the sliding mode is formulated, which can be used for the system design and analysis. Simulation results are presented to validate the design.
24	Yuncan Xue, Qiwen Yang, Jixin Qian, "Combined algorithm for time-varying systems based on the robust min-max and the damped least squares estimation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1152- 1155 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A combined algorithm based on the robust min-max estimation algorithm and the damped least squares (DLS) algorithm is presented in this paper. The selection criteria of the switching threshold between the min-max estimation algorithm and the DLS algorithm are given by using robust min-max estimation method. This combined algorithm solves the tracking problem of time-varying system with fast parameter changes, which is very difficult to the RLS algorithm. It is not sensitive to the noise. Its good performance is verified by simulation studies.
25	R. Chibante, A. Araujo, A. Carvalho, "A new physics based SPICE model for NPT IGBTs," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1156- 1161 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A physics based, non-punch-through, insulated gate bipolar transistor (NPT-IGBT) model is presented, as well as its porting into available circuit simulator SPICE. Developed model results in a system of ODEs, from which time/space hole/electron distribution is obtained, and is based on solution of ambipolar diffusion equation (ADE) through a variational formulation, with one-dimensional simplex finite elements. Model implementation, in a circuit simulator, is made by means of an electrical analogy with the resulting system of ODEs. Other parts of the devices are modeled using standard methods. Thus, this new hybrid model combines advantages of numerical and mathematical methods, through modeling charge carrier behavior with high accuracy even maintaining low execution times.
26	K. Mino, S. Herold, J.W. Kolar, "A gate drive circuit for silicon carbide JFET," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1162- 1166 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a gate drive circuit for a 1300 V/4 A SiC-JFET is proposed and evaluated experimentally for a switching frequency of 200 kHz. Furthermore, a comparison of the switching behavior of a SiC-JFET/Si-MOSFET cascode and of the SiC-JFET driven by the proposed gate drive circuit is shown.
27	Bin Zhang, Yunfeng Liu, Xigen Zhou, J. Hawley, A.Q. Huang, "The high power and high frequency operation of the emitter turn-off (ETO) thyristor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1167- 1172 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the high power and high frequency performance of the emitter turn-off thyristor (ETO). The homogenous switching due to the unity turn-off gain and high turn-off gate current rising rate enlarges the ETO's SOA to full dynamic avalanche, approaching the physical limits of silicon. The short turn-off storage time, the high turn-on di/dt capability, low switching and conduction losses, and the low gate drive unit power consumption allow the ETO to operate at high power and high frequency (kHz range). Based on ETO's switching loss, conduction loss, thermal impedance, and the system's thermal dissipation, an ETO H-bridge voltage source converter's output current and output power capabilities are calculated. An ETO based H-bridge converter is built, and 1000 A/sub rms/ output current at 2000 V DC bus voltage and 1 kHz switching frequency is demonstrated.
28	A. Claudio, Hongfang Wang, A.Q. Huang, A.K. Agarwal, "Static and dynamic characterization of silicon carbide bipolar junction transistor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1173- 1178 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Silicon carbide (SiC) is a very promising material because of its wide bandgap. Recently, semiconductor devices based on SiC have been developed for use in high data voltage, high temperature and high radiation conditions. The purpose of this paper is to present the study of high-voltage SiC bipolar junction transistor (BJT), in particular the estimation of the minority carrier lifetime in the base and in the collector regions. The causes of SiC BJT's low gain are also proposed.
29	Chunmei Feng, Jun Liang, V.G. Agelidis, "A novel voltage balancing control method for flying capacitor multilevel converters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1179- 1184 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The voltage unbalancing issue remains a challenge for the multilevel flying capacitor (FC) converter. It becomes more prominent when the number of levels of the converter is higher than three which needs to be addressed. The phase-shifted sinusoidal PWM (PS-SPWM) method has a certain degree of self-balancing characteristic in the ideal symmetrical circuit. However, the use of only the said method is not sufficient to deal with the problem and a closed-loop control is required to realize the voltage balancing control task. The paper proposes a closed-loop control method based on the PS-SPWM strategy and a novel algorithm for the stated problem. The algorithm takes advantage of switching redundancies in order to adjust the switching time of selected switching states to maintain the capacitor voltages balanced without adversely affecting the system's performance. Description and analysis of the method along with simulation results are presented to confirm its feasibility.
30	J. Vassallo , J.C. Clare , P.W. Wheeler , "A power-equalized harmonic-elimination scheme for utility-connected cascaded H-bridge multilevel converters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1185- 1190 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Although fundamental frequency switching has been the preferred method for high-power medium-voltage multilevel converters, the technology of current generation power semiconductors has made it possible to use higher rates. In utility-connected applications, where a restricted modulation index range is usually sufficient, a main requirement is for very tight control over individual harmonics. For these reasons, this paper considers the application of selective harmonic elimination PWM (SHEPWM) with 5- or 7-level converters switching at low multiples of the fundamental frequency. An alternative approach for the calculation of multiple solutions of the firing angles is outlined, and is then applied in a modulation scheme that inherently equalizes the power flow from and to the individual DC energy sources. Results from computer simulations for a 7-level energy conversion system are presented in this paper.
31	A. Dell'Aquila, M. Liserre, V.G. Monopoli, P. Rotondo, "Two passivity-based approaches to the control of the H-bridge-based multilevel rectifier," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1191- 1196 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with a multilevel H-bridge based front-end rectifier to be used in high voltage high power applications. The main control issue for such type of converter is stabilization. In fact, voltage unbalancing across the distinct DC links can lead to system instability. In this paper two passivity-based control (PBC) algorithms for the H-bridge-based multilevel rectifier are analysed and compared. The use of the passivity-based control properly fits stability problems related to this type of converter. Two approaches for the PBC design have been considered: the first one is developed considering the overall multilevel converter; the second one is developed by splitting the system into n subsystems and controlling them independently. The partition of the multilevel converter is done on the basis of energy considerations. The main advantage of the second approach is the separate control of the different DC-links and a more flexible loading capability.
32	L. Yacoubi, K. Al-Haddad, L.A. Dessaint, F. Fnaiech, "DSP based implementation of an input/output feedback linearization control technique applied to a three-phase three-level neutral point clamped boost rectifier," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1197- 1202 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a new control strategy for a three-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped boost rectifier is designed and implemented. It consists of applying a nonlinear feedback linearization technique. The nonlinear state space model of the rectifier was obtained in (d,q,0) reference frame using the power balance between the input and output sides. The input/output feedback linearization is then applied and the linearizing control law is derived. Hence, the resulting model is linearized and decoupled. Afterward, the tracking controllers are designed based on linear techniques to control THD line-currents, power factor, output and neutral point voltages. This control uses a 1.8 kHz pulse width modulator. Experimental results based on the use of DS1104 DSP of DSPACE verify the robustness of the proposed control law in both balanced and unbalanced output load conditions. The line-current THD and output voltage ripples are very low. The settling time and the overshoot are notably small in comparison with standard PI controller.
33	G.H. Bode, D.G. Holmes, "Hysteresis current regulation for single-phase multilevel inverters using asynchronous state machines," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1203- 1208 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the use of asynchronous state machines for the hysteresis current regulation of multi-level inverters. The state machines exploit the redundant states in order to balance the switching losses between the semiconductor devices, and to balance the voltages across the capacitors of topologies with series connected capacitors. The current regulators achieve a robust transient and steady state operation that fully utilises both the multiple DC levels available and the redundant states. Theory, simulation and experimental results are presented.
34	Y. Uchimura, T. Yakoh, N. Yamasaki, K. Ohnishi, "Real-time network system by responsive processor and its application to bilateral robot control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1209- 1214 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a new network device, which is named responsive processor, plus its message handler, which is a basic protocol for the device. These are designed for a hard real-time control application such as a robot control. By using the responsive processor and message handler, we developed a bilateral robot system that transfers haptic impression over a network. First, we discuss the network system requirements from the view of real-time control. Then, we introduce the main features and functions of the responsive processor. Implementation of the message handler, which is designed to maintain real-time performance, is described in detail. Benchmarks for using the message handler with the responsive processor are also shown. The results of experiments conducted on a bilateral robot system verified real-time performance of the entire system.
35	Thaison Dao, H.A. Chan, J. Rejeb, "Interworking between wireless LAN and CDMA2000," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1215- 1220 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: CDMA2000 and WLAN have different capabilities in distance range, data rate, and in other features. Combining CDMA2000 and WLAN will enable these WAN and LAN technologies to complement each other to enhance the available wireless network services. A possible architecture of interworking between CDMA2000 and wireless LAN is presented. The interworking architecture includes access control requirements and principles, and also authentication methods and charging requirements.
36	T.M. Sobh, Bei Wang, S.H. Patel, "Web enabled robot design and dynamic control simulation software solutions from task points description," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1221- 1227 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this work, we propose a Web-based solution for robot design and dynamic control simulation based on given task point descriptions. The software combines and utilizes the computational power of both the Mathematica and Matlab packages. Given the location and velocity of each task point, our approach formulates the complete design of a 3 DOF robot model by computing its optimal dynamic parameters such as link length, mass and inertia. Further more, our package suggests the optimal control parameters (Kp, Kv) for the dynamic control simulation.
37	C.E. Lin, Chih-Ching Li, Chih-Chen Wu, H.S. Liu, M.Y. Tseng, "A real time GPRS surveillance system using the embedded system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1228- 1234 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: As for data surveillance, the general packet radio service (GPRS) is the best candidate for always-on connection to any moving vehicles or individuals from the ground up to a few thousand feet above ground. Due to the inherent characteristics of GPRS, the client circuit design requires a central processing unit (CPU) with an appropriate operating system (OS) to activate point-to-point protocol (PPP) as well as IP addressed transmission control protocol (TCP/IP). This paper presents a system designed for clients to carry out GPRS connection, and send GPS and other data to a server system. For surveillance purpose, a geographic information system (GIS) is applied to track the clients on the electronic map. The system architecture and design concept are discussed. Circuit implementation and real world tests are demonstrated and verified. The data transmission delay is estimated within 0.75 seconds, while the surveillance period can be controlled from 5 to 120 seconds. The proposed system has been tested in ground vehicles to ultra light aircraft at 1000 feet with most areas in Taiwan.
38	K. Nadkarni, A. Mishra, "Intrusion detection in MANETS - the second wall of defense," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1235- 1238 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Wireless mobile ad hoc networks (popularly known as MANETs) have been the focus of research in recent times. Rapid and infrastructure-less deployment in emergency and military situations make these networks unique. However, certain inherently vulnerable characteristics lead to security concerns, which can prove especially damaging in sensitive situations like military operations. Intrusion prevention measures are not guaranteed to work all the time since unrelenting attackers can eventually break them down. An intrusion detection scheme (IDS) monitors a network and looks for intrusions, thus forming a second wall of defense. In this paper, we have proposed a misuse detection -based IDS for MANETs. Our protocol-independent design makes use of a self-adjusting threshold scheme and detects a priori known attack patterns with over 90% accuracy and is generally insensitive to false alarms. Experimental validation has provided significant results about non-degradability of network performance with our IDS incorporated for security enhancements.
39	T. Kereszty, V.-M. Leppanen, J. Luomi, "Sensorless control of surface magnet synchronous motors at low speeds using low-frequency signal injection," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1239- 1243 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with the application of a low-frequency signal injection method to the sensorless vector control of surface magnet synchronous motors. An ac test signal is superimposed on the stator current of the motor. Due to the mechanical reaction, the response in the stator voltage depends on the orientation of the test signal relative to the permanent magnet flux. This dependency is used to control the orientation error to zero. Derivation of the controller structure is given, and the validity of the method down to zero speed is confirmed by simulations. The method is simple and insensitive to motor parameter errors, and it can be used to improve the sensorless control performance at low speeds.
40	C. Attaianese, V. Nardi, G. Tomasso, "Wide speed operation exploitation of sinusoidal permanent magnet motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1244- 1248 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel predictive control algorithm, for drives including sinusoidal permanent magnet motor is proposed in this paper. It is based on the instantaneous values mathematical model of the machine, and allows to exploit the drive performances both in steady-state and in transient operations, by fully satisfying the instantaneous voltage and current constraints. The algorithm validation has been performed by means of experiment analysis. The results show an improvement of the dynamic performances achieved with the proposed control, thanks to a very low ripple of the machine output torque.
41	M. Pacas, J. Weber, "Predictive direct torque control for the PM-synchronous machine," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1249- 1254 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper shows that a predictive digital control combined with the principle of the direct torque control leads to an excellent dynamic behavior of the permanent magnet excited synchronous machine and is a real alternative to the classical field orientated control. The advantages are the constant switching frequency and the predictable torque ripple. The set up times of the torque are reduced compared with the classical control. The application in servo-drives in which the rotor position is always measured can be easily realized using a commercial DSP. Numerous simulations and measurements confirm the theoretical work.
42	N. Urasaki, T. Senjyu, K. Uezato, T. Funabashi, "A dead-time compensation strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motor drive suppressing current distortion," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1255- 1260 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a dead-time compensation strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives suppressing current distortion. Although dead-time effects can be compensated by a dead-time compensation voltage along with a current polarity, it is difficult to determine the current polarity when the phase currents are clamped to zero. If the current polarity is misjudged, the dead-time compensation operates improperly; as a result, both the phase current and commanded voltage are distorted. In this paper, a misjudge of the current polarity is appropriately corrected by the proposed correction algorithm. Simulation and experimental results confirm that the distortions of the phase current and commanded voltage are suppressed.
43	S. Bolognani, L. Tubiana, M. Zigliotto, "High dynamic PMSM current control by optimal saturation management of current regulators," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1261- 1266 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a novel technique for the dynamic output limitation of the current regulators in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives with either isotropic or anisotropic rotors. The saturation strategy is based on a quasi time-optimal control (QTOC) theory, which assures a very fast current response after any demanded current reference variation. Predictive current regulators have been considered, since they well fit a digital implementation. However, the proposed strategy can be easily adapted to fit for different control techniques. Simulations and experimental results are included in the paper.
44	Xu Dianguo, Mou Yingfeng, Liu Xiaosheng, Zhang Weiqiang, "Performance of reliable intelligent power line communication network for digital HPS ballast remote monitor and control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1267- 1271 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Power line communication (PLC) plays an important role in such no-new-wiring applications as digital HPS ballast remote management in new public lighting system. PLC data link especially with a large scale of ballast nodes is liable to be destroyed because of the dynamic channel properties. The reasons that lead to the failure of data link, the corresponding methods to enhance the reliability of PLC network are investigated, and the hybrid dynamic topology of the PLC network is studied, which is based on self-organizing algorithm in MAC layer with improved fault-tolerance ability. According to the study results, a low cost TDMA-like MAC protocol suitable for the hybrid PLC network initialized by self-organization algorithm is proposed and the performance is analyzed by M/D/1 model compared with polling. The general round robin cycle duration of PLC networks with hybrid structure that interested to remote monitor and control system is also presented.
45	G.W. Denardin, R.P. Silveira, R.N. do Prado, A. Campos, "Specifications for a power management fieldbus," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1272- 1277 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: One of the major challenges at the moment is the improvement of the present power system. The traditional power industry is outdated, but the responsibility is not just in the utility side. The consumer is being forced to perform a high quality load and ration the power consumption. A way to improve the power system is turn it intelligent, through a network. In this study, we analyze the features of a set of control fieldbuses and summarize the main features of a specific fieldbus for power management.
46	Boo Hee Nam, Min Hyuk Park, Jeong Ha Kim, Chul Hong Shin, Hak No Lee, "Noise analysis of QAM signal transmission in the AWGN channel using Haar transform," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1278- 1281 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: We propose a new structure for a quadrature amplitude modulated transmission using the Haar transform to reduce the noise in the channel. The corresponding points of the symbols in a rectangular signal constellation are Haar-transformed and sent to the channel, and the received signals are inverse Haar transformed to retrieve the original signals. By varying the gain of the Haar transform, we can receive the noise-reduced signals from the channel which is assumed to corrupt the signal by an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). We analyze the probability of bit error and simulate the model to show the validity.
47	A. Kwiecien, "The improvement of working parameters of the industrial computer networks with cyclic transactions of data exchange by simulation in the physical model," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1282- 1289 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: When speaking about industrial networks with cyclic transactions of data exchange, one should take into consideration the FIP network and the master-slave access network characterised by a determined medium access time that enables the construction of a scenario of cyclic data exchanges in a selected user station. The network data exchange protocols supports the realization of data exchanges that can be forced either by master unit (master-slave access networks) or by any user, as it is the case of FIP networks. To build an efficient communication system, it is necessary to determine a number of factors such as the number of cyclic exchanges, time realization of cyclic exchanges, number of message transactions, and the number of aperiodic exchanges. This paper explains how to improve and optimise the cycle of exchanges.
48	R.C. Luo, Jyh-Hwa Tzou, Chih-Chin Lan, "The development of Web-based e-business system for rapid prototyping manufacturing," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1290- 1295 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Rapid prototyping (RP) is an automated manufacturing process that quickly builds physical models from CAD files of 3D prototypes. An effective slicing algorithm is necessary for rapid prototyping system. The bucket sorting algorithm is used in the slicing pre-processing for enhancing the search speed. The slicing time ratio can reduce to near 25% with 5 buckets according to the simulation results. The main objective of this paper is to develop Web-based automated RP system provides consumer the convenience of distance manufacturing without owning an expensive RP machine. We take advantage of the Internet technology to combine product quotation interface and on-line remote monitoring system into a Web-based automated RP system. The framework of Web-based thermal extrusion based RP system is divided into three parts: customers ' data management, administrators ' data management, and product quotation system. The product quotation system supplies an on-line automated cost estimation related to the option of materials, manufacturing time and RP machines before RP part being manufactured. The customer could preview simulation result of the tool path planning of 3D CAD files. If the customer satisfies the quotation of RP part, he could send a 3D CAD model (STL file) via the Internet to the RP Web server. After finishing the post processing process (slicing, tool path planning and motion code generation), the RP part can be manufactured in our RP machine. During manufacturing, the customer can watch a live image of RP part via Web, and monitor the RP machine to build up a physical model by way of the CCD camera until completing.
49	E. Muljadi, J.T. Bialasiewicz, "Hybrid power system with a controlled energy storage," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1296- 1301 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: We investigated a small isolated hybrid power system that used two types of power generation; wind turbine and diesel generation. The interaction of diesel generation, the wind turbine, and the local load is complicated because both the load and the wind turbine fluctuate during the day. These fluctuations create imbalances in power distribution (energy sources are not equal to energy sinks) that can affect the frequency and the voltage in the power system. The addition of energy storage will help balance the distribution of power in the power network. For this paper, we studied the interaction among hybrid power system components and the relative size of the components. We also show how the contribution of wind energy affects the entire power system and distribution and the role of energy storage under the transient conditions caused by load changes and wind turbine start ups.
50	J.T. Bialasiewicz, E. Muljadi, "Power transfer and time-domain analysis of a wind-turbine water-pumping system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1302- 1307 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: We analyzed a wind-turbine water-pumping system, which consists of a wind turbine with a permanent magnet generator electrically coupled with a water pump via a motor-generator configuration. Following system's steady-state analysis, we discuss how the success of the start-up process depends on the system's start-up dynamics as related to a proper choice of water pump characteristics. We studied the dependence of the water pump start-up process on the kinetic energy stored in the wind turbine rotor. We also discussed the cut-in and cut-out process in the wind-turbine water-pumping system. Our analysis is supported with the simulation results.
51	T. Mishima, T. Ohnishi, "Experimental evaluation of the EDLC-based power compensator for a partially shaded PV array," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1308- 1313 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel power compensation system for a photovoltaic (PV) array that is partially covered by a shade. The control strategy utilizes electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) as a energy storage device, which brings some advantages into the system configuration of both main and control system over using a battery or dc-dc converters. In addition, the energy flow of the EDLC can be simply controlled by a relay with only detecting the terminal voltage of the EDLC. The control characteristics of the proposed system are examined by the experimental analyses. And, the system feasibility is demonstrated and verified from the viewpoint of power compensation effect.
52	J.A. Sanchez, N. Moreno, S. Vazquez, J.M. Carrasco, E. Galvan, C. Batista, S. Hurtado, G. Costales, "A 800 kW wind-diesel test bench based on the MADE AE-52 variable speed wind turbine," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1314- 1319 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A field work have been made about the practical installation of a wind-diesel autonomous power system. A remarkable innovation on the control of the latter wind-diesel system is the ability of taking advantage of the kinetic energy available from the wind turbine. With such an extra energy, a power quality improvement can be achieved in the presence of load commutations. Besides of that, a convenient power sharing out can be obtained, allowing a high renewable energy penetration and fuel savings. Several results show the behaviour of the whole system, apart of the power quality improvement.
53	D. Tokushima, Y. Tanizawa, H. Ishikawa, H. Naitoh, "A new circuit analysis and design simulator "TOKUZO"," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1320- 1325 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: High-performance as well as user-friendly circuit simulators are powerful aids for power electronics engineers. This paper presents a new circuit analysis and design simulator named TAP-T (transient analysis program "TOKUZO") mainly for power electronics use. It offers ATP/EMTP like or more convenient CAD environment. It is almost free from the numerical oscillation problems which annoy ATP/EMTP users. This feature attributes largely to TAP-T's reasonable counter-measures against switching logic conflicts. Two benchmark tests are carried out on circuits designated by IEE JAPAN to verify high accuracy and short computation time of TAP-T.
54	M. Lamich, J. Balcells, D. Gonzalez, J. Gago, "Power conditioners synchronisation in networks with large frequency deviation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1326- 1330 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a new method for real time calculation of the current reference in active power line conditioners (APLC), splitting up the fundamental and the distortion components. Amplitude and phase of fundamental component are obtained separately, which allows a separate compensation of fundamental lagging current and harmonic currents. The method is based on a sinus-cosinus correlation to obtain the phase of fundamental component. The main advantages of such method are: the fast response to transient changes, the sensitivity to frequency variations and the low processor resources employed. Simulated and experimental results are presented in order to show the features of the method in several transient situations.
55	S. Hashimoto, K. Ohishi, T. Ohishi, T. Ishikawa, K. Kosaka, Y. Egashira, H. Kubota, T. Ohmi, "Development of an ultra-precision stage control system using nonresonant ultrasonic motor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1331- 1336 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the development of an ultra-precision stage control system by introducing the nonresonant ultrasonic motor (NRUSM). System identification experiments are carried out considering the fundamental characteristic of NRUSM. The friction, which affects the accuracy of the positioning, is evaluated. Then the relation between the friction and the control bandwidth is experimentally examined. Using the frictional property as well as the identified model, the position control system with friction compensation is designed. Moreover, for its design the anti-windup-based wide band control is performed. Thus, the effectiveness of the identified model and the designed control system is verified by simulations and experiments.
56	Xu Zheng, Li Tiecai, Lu Yongping, Guo Bingyi, "Position-measuring error analysis and solution of hall sensor in pseudo-sensorless PMSM driving system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1337- 1342 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Referring to a PMSM (permanent magnet synchronous motor) driving system with only two low-cost hall sensors, this paper analyses the position-measuring error in one pseudo-sensorless scheme, and offers methods of error compensation. Adopting the methodology based on 3-d finite element analysis, this paper evaluates and practically locates the mounted positions of hall sensor in the PMSM to minimize the position-measuring error. Finally, experiments are carried out to verify the corresponding 3-d finite element analysis results.
57	T. Miyazawa, S. Katsura, K. Ohnishi, "A power-assisted wheelchair taking running environment into account," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1343- 1348 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Developing a selfdrive wheelchair, one cannot judge that the power assist system which can expand operator's field of activities, is indispensable element. In addition, this condition has not satisfied the user demand, since the same assistant rate is applied in all environments. Considering the production cost, it is unnecessary to develop a power-assisted wheelchair with more sensor, which is considered in this paper. That is to say, the purpose of this research is to realize sensorless power assist and adapt to environment by considering production cost. Consequently, first realization method of sensorless power assist is proposed. Next, necessity of making the system of wheelchair variable based on inclination information is mentioned. In this paper, the validity of the proposed method is confirmed and its application is introduced.
58	Y. Nishioka, K. Ohnishi, "Hybrid control of position and force for bilateral system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1349- 1354 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Remote control operation system has been used for an operation at dangerous area or as a medical robot system. Though it has an ability to reproduce an operator's motion at remote place, it cannot transfer the sensed force to the operator. Bilateral control is a method for remote control operation system to transmit the force sense. Although various bilateral control architectures have been studied, it is difficult to realize its ideal responses. One of the difficulties is the adaptation to the open environment with contact or noncontact motions. This paper proposes hybrid controller in the same direction, which can change the impedance with its selection ratios. In addition, an approach to acquire environmental information in the form of the selection ratios is described. The proposed bilateral system obtains an adaptation to the open environment and realizes ideal responses. The effectiveness of the proposed system is confirmed by experiments.
59	JiunDe Wu, Y. Hori, "An intersample predictor control scheme based on multirate GPC for high-speed tracking tasks," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1355- 1360 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: While robotics has thrived in ordered domains, it has found challenges in environments that are not well defined. Computer vision can extend the feedback measurement space to include the relative position and orientation of the robot end-effector. The role of computer vision as the feedback transducer strongly affects the closed-loop dynamics of the overall system. Researches on visual servo system have up to date focused mainly on preview control, only a few papers have focused on prediction control. However, all of them have not considered coordinate transformation problem caused from the multirate characteristics of visual servo system while performing a high speed tracking task. In this paper, a novel visual servo prediction control scheme is proposed for achieving high speed tracking and high control accuracy. In view of the long time-delay and coordinate transformation problem caused by high speed motion, the use of an intersample predictor based on multirate generalized predictive control (GPC) is proposed to take care of external uncertainties and compute the optimal intersample control inputs of the robotic system. Finally, simulation and experimental results are given to show the drastic effectiveness of proposed approach.
60	S.M.A. Cruz, A.J.M. Cardoso, H.A. Toliyat, "New developments in the diagnosis of faults in line-connected and direct torque controlled induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1361- 1368 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents recent developments in the use of a new technique for the diagnosis of faults in three-phase induction motors. The proposed diagnostic technique, which is based on the multiple reference frames theory (MRFT), has been successfully used in the diagnosis of stator faults, rotor faults and air gap eccentricity in line-connected and direct torque controlled (DTC) induction motors. The use of the MRFT represents a step forward towards the unification of the diagnostic process of faults in induction motors and drives by using the same technique to diagnose any type of faults. Due to the modular structure of the MRFT, virtually it can be used to diagnose any motor fault that has a direct impact in one or more supply currents. In addition, as it was demonstrated in a previous work, the technique is particularly adequate for an easy integration into the control system of a DTC induction motor drive at no additional cost.
61	M. Humer, S. Kulig, "Measurement and assessment of torsion oscillations in turbogenerators by using a torque sensor and robust observer," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1369- 1377 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new method of measuring torsional vibrations is presented. Based on a contactless sensor and under the use of a robust observer it is possible to measure and calculate torsional torques appearing at a shaft train online. The new concept allows to prevent shaft trains from serious damages caused by torsional oscillations. Il is shown that the observer-based estimation of the torque is as good as the direct measured value.
62	F.W. Fuchs, "Some diagnosis methods for voltage source inverters in variable speed drives with induction machines - a survey," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1378- 1385 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Status monitoring and performance diagnosis for variable speed ac drives today is a need, more or less, depending on their application. Diagnosis can help to avoid unplanned standstill, to make possible to run an emergency operation in case of a fault or to keep the time to repair short in case of a fault. For the voltage source inverter several faults are possible. In this paper, these faults and their diagnosis are covered. Possible faults and remedial strategies are listed. It is enumerated, which faults in today's standard protection systems are diagnosed. The main faults, in general not covered in these systems, are the transistor open circuit fault and the dc bus capacitor fault. In these fields diagnosis methods are under research. Some of the various reports of research groups in this field are outlined here as a survey with respect to function and properties.
63	H. Henao, G.A. Capolino, M. Ferandez-Cabanas, M. Garcia-Melero, "An improved signal processing-based fault detection technique for induction machine drives," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1386- 1389 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present a new method for accurate three-phase induction machine fault detection using a simple torque excitation technique with the electrical drive. Since it is well recognize that side band harmonics around the fundamental are good candidates for electrical fault detection in three-phase induction machine, the magnitude evaluation of these harmonics is a tricky problem especially with non-sinusoidal power supply. The idea is to excite more these harmonics without high torque quality deterioration and to evaluate their magnitude for rotor fault detection and localization. The technique is presented and applied on a 11 kW-230V/400V-50 Hz-4 poles three-phase squirrel-cage induction machine.
64	P.T. Szemes, H. Hashimoto, E. Voisan, F. Dragan, "Evaluation of inhabitant's walking habit in intelligent space," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1390- 1395 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, the intelligent space (iSpace) concept is applied for helping disabled or blind persons in crowded environments such as train stations, or airports. The main contribution of this paper is a general mathematical (fuzzy-neuro) description of obstacles avoidance method (walking habit) of moving objects (human beings) in a limited area scanned by the intelligent space. A mobile robot with extended functions is introduced as a mobile assistant robot, which is assisted by the iSpace. The mobile assistant robot (MAR) can guide and protect a blind person in a crowded environment with the help of the iSpace. The iSpace learns the obstacle avoidance method (walking habit) of dynamic objects (human beings) by tracing their movements. The learned walking habit is encoded in a mathematical structure and is sent to the control of MAR. Control of MAR estimates the path of dynamical obstacles and helps to the blind person to avoid the collision. The prototype of the mobile assistant robot and simulations of some basic types of obstacle avoidance method (walking habit) are presented.
65	F. Moreno, F. Aparicio, W. Hernandez, J. Paez, "A low-cost real-time FPGA solution for driver drowsiness detection," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1396- 1401 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this work the most recent advances in digital image processing techniques has been used to make vehicle drivers face analysis by detecting symptoms of tiredness and distraction in order to prevent sudden risk situations. The results of the experiments show that a large number of car or trucks accidents can be avoided by detecting real-time physical and psychological states of the drivers in normal driving conditions. There are three main objectives in this design: To detect the driver eyelid movements, to detect the number of frames the driver has his eyes closed and to detect when the driver turns right or left (or bows) his head for a long time. Thus, several well known algorithms have been used and optimized for this field of application, such as spatial and temporal filtering, motion detection, optical flow analysis, etc. Digital signal and image processing techniques have been used together. Furthermore, a low-cost real-time solution based upon FPGA (ALTERA FLEX 10K30, field programmable gate array) has been achieved. Moreover, all the laboratory experiments are being carried out on real automobiles and a very low-cost, low-power and real-time solution based on ALTERA Cyclone Device (EP1C3) is available in the short-term.
66	M.L.-B. Braiek, F. Fnaiech, K. Al-Haddad, "Feedback linearization control technique applied to a three phase shunt active power filter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1402- 1407 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a non-linear control strategy applied to a three-phase shunt active power filter is developed and tested. The non-linear modeling of the filter is elaborated using the principle of average power balance between the ac source and the compensator power, wiring and semiconductor losses. The controller design is based on a feedback linearization technique of the non-linear model of the three-phase shunt active power filter (APF). Both steady state and transient behavior of the control strategy are tested. The switching signal patterns are generated using indirect current control approach. The system is simulated using both Simulink and power system blocksets of Matlab. The diverse experiments highlight the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in terms of the THD reduction and both current harmonic and reactive power compensation.
67	F. Janabi-Sharifi, A. Shademan, "An adaptive velocity estimation approach for improved disk drive control performance," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1408- 1413 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: For disk servo system design, it is desired to optimize data storage and transfer subject to the constraints imposed by the servomechanism including velocity estimation and control algorithm, disk space, the actuator, and other limiting factors. Therefore, positioning the head with high accuracy, speed, and reliability is of significant importance. Since velocity estimation is essential for many disk servomechanisms, the quality of head positioning will be governed by the accuracy, speed and reliability of the velocity estimation methods employed. In this paper, adaptive windowing techniques for discrete velocity estimation in disk drives are introduced. The methods are compared with conventional techniques such as finite difference method and Kalman filtering using the introduced measures. It is shown that the proposed techniques generate relatively accurate and reliable estimates with reduced time delays and lower amplitude distortions when compared with the previous methods. Finally, it is demonstrated that the proposed techniques improve the control performance of the disk servo systems.
68	O.S. Bogosyan, M. Gokasan, "An EKF based solution for the compensation of load, friction and torque ripple in direct drive systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1414- 1418 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This study aims to achieve an improved performance in the position control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) driven single link arm, by compensating for load, friction and torque ripple effects. For this purpose, in the first part of the study, an EKF based algorithm is developed to estimate the model uncertainties, assuming a known load. This is used to determine friction effects in addition to the most dominant component of torque ripple. The estimate of model uncertainties is also used for the partial compensation of this term with a basic PD+ controller. Following this procedure, another EKF algorithm is developed to estimate the amplitude of the dominant torque harmonic to be used for the compensation of that ripple component with the PD+ controller, in addition to the compensation of friction and load. The experimental results demonstrate improved performance in the system response with the on-line estimation of the torque ripple with EKF.
69	Y. Tipsuwan, Mo-Yuen Chow, "Neural network middleware for model predictive path tracking of networked mobile robot over IP network," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1419- 1424 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The potential use of IP networks for real-time high performance robots and automation is enormous and appealing. A widely attractive objective for an IP-based mobile robot is to control a mobile robot over the IP network to track a predefined path. This paper proposes a model predictive path tracking control methodology over an IP network via middleware. In addition to the normal use of middleware, this paper utilizes middleware to schedule a control parameter for IP network delay compensation. The parameter is adjusted externally at the output of the path tracking algorithm with respect to the current network traffic conditions and a predictive performance measure computed by a neural network. Simulation results show that the mobile robot with neural network middleware provides significantly better IP networked control system performance.
70	Suk Lee, Kyung Chang Lee, Hyun Hee Kim, Man Hyung Lee, "Remote control for guaranteeing QoC of networked control systems via Profibus token passing protocol," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1425- 1430 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper focuses on a quality of control (QoC)-based remote control scheme for networked control systems via the Profibus token passing protocol. Typically, token passing experiences random network delay due to uncertainties in token circulation, but the protocol has in-built upper and lower bounds of network delay. Thus, to ensure the control performance of networked control systems via the Profibus token passing protocol, the network delay should be maintained below the allowable delay level. As the network delay is affected by protocol parameters, such as target rotation time, we present here an algorithm for selection of target rotation time using a genetic algorithm to guarantee QoC of control information. We also discuss the performance of the QoC-based remote control scheme under conditions of controlled network delay. To evaluate its feasibility, a networked control system for a feedback control system using a servomotor was implemented on a Profibus-FMS network.
71	S. Soucek, T. Sauter, G. Koller, "Effect of delay jitter on quality of control in EIA-852-based networks," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1431- 1436 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The popularity of network-based control systems (NBCS) is continuously growing. One of the most intriguing aspects is the transportation of control network data over IP-based networks as standardized in EIA-852. To a large extent the actual quality of control (QoC) in such systems depends on the network timing such as delay and delay jitter. This work focuses on the effect of delay jitter at a fixed mean delay on the QoC. Two sources of delay jitter are identified in EIA- 852-based systems: (i) network traffic induced, and (ii) protocol induced. At the example of a simple control-loop it is investigated how the induced jitter affects the QoC using a time-discrete simulation model. Concepts to reduce the effect of jitter on QoC are presented and conclusions are drawn how the findings in the EIA-852 system can be extended to a generalized NBCS.
72	Cheng-fu Chen, "Energy efficient routing for clustered wireless sensors network," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1437- 1440 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An energy-efficient routing method is proposed for a static wireless sensors network, which consists of a large number of energy-constrained sensors and a few hubs as the cluster heads of sensors. By adopting a clustered traffic topology, with additionally deployed router sensors, an energy- efficient routing design can be achieved to prolong the sensor lifetime with the trade-off increased energy consumption at the entire network level. Simulations also suggest that using dense deployment of routers is capable of achieving the energy-minimal routing design, where the overall energy consumption can be even lower than without the routers.
73	J. Yepez, P. Marti, J.M. Fuertes, "Control loop scheduling paradigm in distributed control systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1441- 1446 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The performance distributed control system (DCS) depends not only on the operation of the individual components, but also on their interaction and cooperation. Therefore, the rules that allow the exchange of messages, i.e. message scheduling policy, is a key issue in terms of system performance. For control applications where control loops are closed over communication networks, this is especially true. Traditional scheduling policies are based on models and techniques that do not take application demands into account. This precludes the dynamic adaptation of the use of the communication bandwidth according to the application needs. To overcome this problem and focusing on control applications, we present an early specification of a novel scheduling technique: large error first (LEF). This scheduling algorithm uses feedback information from the application in order to assign communication bandwidth to each individual component. We studied the performance of a distributed application when the messages are sent according to this novel scheduling policy and encouraging simulation results have been obtained.
74	Quanxing Zhang, Chwan-Hwa Wu, J.D. Irwin, "A coalition key-evolving signature scheme towards intrusion resilient mobile networks for industrial applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1447- 1452 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Mobile networks are more vulnerable to intrusion than fixed wired networks because the connection path is dynamically forming during communication. To protect the dynamically forming mobile networks from intrusion, a coalition key-evolving scheme is proposed in this paper. The proposed scheme treats the 3 entities in a dynamic path as foreign agents (FA), home agents (HA) and mobile agents (MA) as a coalition formed by each individual agent. Each agent has a pair of private and public keys; the private key is evolving with time; and the public key is signed by a certificate authority (CA). All the private keys of the 3 agents of the coalition are needed to sign a signature. And all the messages are signed and verified. The signature is verified against a public key that is the product of public keys of all the agents that is readily generated when a new dynamic path is formed. This helps prevent adversary from impersonating using fake FA or MA. Furthermore, the key-evolving scheme prevents an adversary from forging past signatures under any circumstances. In order to forge future signatures, an adversary must compromise all MA, FA and HA simultaneously due to proactive refresh scheme. An interactive proactive synchronization scheme among the agents is proposed when a new dynamic path is formed or private keys evolve to new states. Thus the loss of a mobile device or its information will have minimal information damage.
75	T.M. Wolbank, J.L. Machl, R. Wohrnschimmel, H. Hauser, "Interaction of induction machines fundamental wave design and asymmetries in the transient electrical behavior caused by saturation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1453- 1459 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In today's AC machine drives the control is realized by considering the fundamental wave behavior of the machine only. However, the exploitation of the high frequency or transient properties of the machine can advantageously be used to obtain additional information on the state variables of the machine like flux or rotor position or detection of possible fault conditions. Especially for the estimation of the flux or rotor position in induction machines the practical performance of the resulting control is strongly influenced by the lamination design. Modern design tools for induction machines only consider the fundamental wave and only few effort has been made until now to investigate the interaction of the fundamental wave design and the transient electrical behavior. This work is focused on these interactions. A transient simulation of the machine based on a magnetic equivalent circuit model including lamination material hysteresis is applied to ascertain the connection between saturated areas in the lamination material and the signals obtained from the evaluation of the machines transient electrical step response. To verify this connection as well as to quantify the influence measurements were performed on different machines with specific lamination design each concentrated on dominant saturation in a different area like tooth or yoke in the stator as well as in the rotor. A comparison of the simulation and measurement results of the machines at varying flux and load levels is given and the reasons for the difference in the transient signals is discussed taking the fundamental wave as well as the transient field distribution into account. Based on these results a model of the interaction of fundamental wave saturation and the transient control signals is established where the asymmetries caused by saturation at the different areas of the lamination are each represented by individual phasors. Adding up the phasors of all areas leads to the resulting asymmetry of the machine and gives its dependence on the point of operation.
76	C. Caruana, G.M. Asher, J. Clare, "Sensorless vector control at low and zero frequency considering zero-sequence current in delta connected cage induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1460- 1465 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper considers rotor flux tracking in delta-connected cage induction machines operating at low and zero frequencies. It is shown that the variation of leakage inductance due to either saturation or rotor slotting can be tracked by measuring the derivative of the zero-sequence current in response to the application of appropriate voltage test vectors. The method requires access to the machine phase windings but needs only a single extra sensor, in the form of a non-integrating Rogowski coil, which measures directly the zero-sequence current derivative. In this paper, experimental results are presented for the tracking of flux position and sensorless torque control.
77	F. Briz, M.W. Degner, P. Garcia, A.B. Diez, "Transient operation of carrier signal injection based sensorless techniques," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1466- 1471 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper analyzes the interactions between the fundamental excitation and the carrier signal used for estimation in carrier signal injection based sensorless AC drives. While these interactions can be minimized during steady-state operation through filtering, transients in the fundamental excitation are not so easily treated. The analysis presented covers both negative sequence carrier signal current and zero sequence carrier signal voltage based sensorless methods. Both of these methods are shown to suffer from similar effects due to their interactions with the fundamental excitation. Techniques for mitigating these effects are developed and analyzed for both methods.
78	A. Consoli, G. Scarcella, A. Testa, "On the use of sensorless induction motor drives as speed sensors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1472- 1478 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The present paper is a review of two techniques recently proposed by the authors to perform indirect speed estimation on sensorless field oriented induction motor drives. The two methods are presented to demonstrate that induction motor drives can suitably perform as flux and speed sensors showing accuracy and reliability comparable to those of standard sensors. Both techniques use a suitable high frequency current test signal that causes the generation of a zero sequence stator voltage component. However, while the first approach calculates the rotor speed from the angular frequency of the airgap flux and the estimated values of the stator currents, the second technique exploits a more general property of the carrier frequency signal injection as the motor speed is expressed as a function of the ripple generated on the rotor flux angular frequency and stator current components. Speed estimation according to the proposed approaches is fully insensitive to motor parameter variations and features a large bandwidth making induction motor drives an attractive alternative to standard speed sensors.
79	M. Schrodl, M. Lambeck, "Statistic properties of the INFORM method for highly dynamic sensorless control of PM motors down to standstill," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1479- 1486 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: AIn the presented paper, the statistical properties of IFORM-based position estimation are calculated, influences on the accuracy of the methods are explained. Measurement results verify the theoretical expectations. An industrial example shows the practical implementation in a transiently operated application in position control mode.
80	J. Kolodko, L. Valcic, "Fusing vision and range for motion estimation in hardware," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1487- 1492 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Obtaining and segmenting motion information in real time requires both an appropriate algorithm and a hardware implementation of that algorithm so that the massive video data stream is processed in a timely manner. This paper details an algorithm suitable for hardware implementation that provides motion information for autonomous vehicle navigation. This algorithm utilizes range information to disambiguate visual data. Simulation results illustrate the correct operation of our algorithm.
81	H. Yoshiizumi, K. Shida, "A new sensing mechanism based on an imitation of the phototransformation of plant," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1493- 1498 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The final goal of our research is to develop a new engineering system. Here, we attempt to apply the mechanism of a plant sensory organ and growth to an element that consists of an engineering system. In this paper, the mechanisms of the phototransformation of a plant phytochrome and its germination control are proposed as the new mechanism of a sensing and control. Moreover, the bed system was implemented as one example of an engineering system with our proposed mechanism. The performance of this bed system was examined, and then the potential of realizing the new bed system with the sensing function of the concept of protecting a user's privacy was clarified. This result shows the possibility of applying a function of the phototransformation of a plant phytochrome and its germination control to a new mechanism of sensing and control field.
82	M. Kohvakka, M. Hannikainen, T.D. Hamalainen, "Wireless sensor prototype platform," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1499- 1504 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the design and performance measurements of a wireless sensor prototype platform (UbiSensor). UbiSensor combines techniques used in wireless microsensors and radio frequency identification (RFID) resulting a wireless sensor having sensing, data processing, network protocol execution, and energy scavenging capabilities. The platform design is driven by energy consumption minimization of given tasks. A commercially available microcontroller, low power RF transceiver, and power generator circuits are used. The measurements indicate 430 /spl mu/W power consumption in typical operating conditions, using 1 Hz sample and transmit rate, which can be scavenged by a 29 mm/sup 2/ sized solar cell or using a transponder interface circuit in a near proximity to a RFID reader. UbiSensor performance results are promising, but further research is required.
83	Minghua Luo, M. Ito, E. Shimizu, Feifei Zhang, "Development of a six-axis force/tactile sensor for robot finger by employing spring beams," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1505- 1510 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a six-axis force/tactile sensor for a robot finger is described. The elastic sensitive part of the sensor consists of only a copper plate. A mathematical model of the sensor is proposed. By this model, the grasping force, moment and touching position of robot finger can be calculated. Furthermore, the performance of this sensor is examined. The experimental results present the input-output relationship of the sensor. In experiment, the robot fingers equipped with this kind of sensor can steadily grasp an egg as well as other light and fragile objects.
84	M. Ogita, C.D. Singh, Y. Shibata, T. Fujinami, "A simple U-shaped fiber optic probes for measurement of critical micelle concentration (CMC) in surfactant solutions," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1511- 1514 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper a simple U-shape optical fiber probe, for critical micelle concentration measurement, using evanescent adsorption effect has been described. Fabrication and characterization of the U-shape fiber optic probe has been discussed. The U-shaped is used to increase the evanescent field and hence it interaction with the sample solutions consisting mainly of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. The effect of light launching condition and bending radius of the probe on the critical micelle concentration is studied. It has been shown that, for a given value of the sample solution, decrease the bending radius of the U-shape increases the sensitivity of the sensor and improve the condition for finding of critical micelle concentration point.
85	T. Takeshita, N. Matsui, "Control of active filters using source current detection," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1515- 1520 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a control scheme of the shunt active filters using the source current detection to suppress the source current harmonics. The proposed control scheme can minimize the source current harmonics under the given active filter capacity, which can be realized by adjusting the magnitude and phase of the compensation current using the complex compensation gains in the frequency domain. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme has been verified by experiments. As a result, the good effect on the compensation for the source harmonic currents in the proposed control scheme is obtained compared with that in the conventional one.
86	M. Saitou, N. Matsui, T. Shimizu, "Modeling and harmonic suppression for distribution systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1521- 1526 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Expansion of voltage distortions along with power distribution systems, which is referred to as the harmonic propagation, is pointed out. This is caused by the LC resonances between the distribution line inductances and the power capacitors. This paper presents a modeling and harmonic suppression procedure for power distribution systems. In our proposal, a power distribution system is analyzed using the modal analysis and is represented by a reduced order model. For the harmonic suppression, a series active filter is used and its controller is designed based on the reduced order model. Some significant characteristics are verified by using a single-phase simulated full order model.
87	H. Ukai, K. Nakamura, K. Ohnishi, N. Matsui, "Suppression control of harmonics by switching route connection in distribution systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1527- 1532 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: With recent currency of power electronics devices, the harmonic pollution in power system becomes serious problem. On the other hand, as recent utility power distribution system becomes broader and more complex, advanced harmonic measurement and analysis technologies are required. This paper presents the harmonic modeling based on the synchronized measurement system of harmonics at multi-points in wide area distribution system and the harmonic suppression method based on the route control in the network. The route control, which is based on the decentralized autonomous control theory, is achieved by switching the transmission route or inserting the phase modifier to change the harmonic flow in distribution system. The basic concept of this idea is represented by an example study.
88	Jih-Sheng Lai, Xudong Huang, E. Pepa, Shaotang Chen, T.W. Nehl, "Inverter EMI modeling and simulation methodologies," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1533- 1539 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A numerical prediction of electromagnetic interference (EMI) allows evaluation of EMI performances at the design stage and before prototyping. It can also help reduce the post-prototype EMC cost by minimizing late re-design and modifications of a drive implementation. This paper describes two simulation approaches with time and frequency domain simulations and verifies them with experimental results. Both time and frequency domain simulation approaches are found effective as long as the noise source and propagation path are properly modeled. The 3 dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) based parasitic parameter extraction tool - Ansoft Spicelink/spl trade//spl trade/ has been used substantially. To gain additional degree of confidence, the results obtained from FEA are verified with closed-form solutions and actual measurements.
89	S. Moris, P.K. Dash, K.P. Basu, A.M. Sharaf, "UPFC controller design for power system stabilization with improved genetic algorithm," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1540- 1545 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the genetic optimization of the parameters of a fuzzy PI controller for UPFC (unified power flow controller) using an improved genetic algorithm to enhance the transient stability performance of power systems. The function based Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy controller uses minimum number of rules (two rules) and generates the proportional action, which by one-to-two inference mapping gives a variable gain PI controller. This single input function based scheme dispenses the gain dependency of the proportional or integral gains and generates independent control actions. Computer simulation results on a 2-area 4-machine 12-bus power system with an UPFC installed between buses s and r confirm the efficacy of the new approach in damping the local-mode and inter-area mode of oscillations.
90	N. Ohse, Y. Matsuda, "Integrated design of structure and controller for a class of descriptor systems with input saturation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1546- 1551 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals the integrated design problem of structural parameters and dynamic output feedback controller for a class of descriptor systems with input saturation under the maximization of the L/sub 2/ stability region and optimization of structural parameters. First, the closed-loop system is described by descriptor form. Restriction of the behavior of the controller output to the linear (non-saturated) region is represented by matrix inequalities. Condition for the L/sub 2/ stability region is obtained as a matrix Riccati inequality. Secondly, the Riccati inequality is decoupled into two low-order Riccati inequalities solved consecutively. Finally, the problem is divided into two problems; one is reduced to a convex problem and the other non-convex one.
91	T.J. Talley, "IEEE Industrial Electronics Conference 2003: development process for replacement of an obsolete microcontroller," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1552- 1556 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Tarleton State University and FMCTI worked jointly to develop a combined education and technology solution to the problem of impending parts unavailability in a mature product. The rapid evolution of microcomputer technology has brought many new features, added speed and better-cost performance ratios for use in computer automation of industrial systems. However, this rapid change in technology presents a challenge for owners of stable systems with embedded processors when older parts are scheduled to be phased out. This paper covers the evolution of one such product with an emphasis on the decision-making process and the major steps involved in implementing the new product design. Of particular interest was the cooperation between a university and a local industrial partner in creation of educational resources in support of the general knowledge base required by the new technology chosen.
92	Eung-Seop An, Dong-Hoon Lee, Chan-Min Jeon, Il-Hwan Kim, Chan-Won Park, "System identification and two DOF PID controller for an industrial sewing machine," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1557- 1563 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to obtain an accurate nonlinear system model to test various control schemes for a motion control system that requires high speed, robustness and accuracy. An industrial sewing machine equipped with a brushless DC motor is considered. It is modeled by a neural network that is configured as an output-error dynamical system. The identified model is essentially a one step ahead prediction structure in which past inputs and outputs are used to predict the current output. Using the model, a 2 degree-of-freedom PID controller to compensate the effects of disturbance without degrading tracking performance has been designed. In this experiment, it is not preferable for safety reasons to tune the controller online on the actual machinery. Experimental results show that the model is a good approximation of the sewing machine dynamics and that the proposed control methodology is effective.
93	Qi Wang, Mingli Ding, Peng Zhao, "A new scheme of non-gyro inertial measurement unit for estimating angular velocity," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1564- 1567 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The non-gyro inertial measurement unit (NGIMU) uses only accelerometers replacing gyroscopes to compute the motion of a moving body. To alleviate the accumulation of angular velocity error attributed to accelerometers error, a novel design scheme for a NGIMU is proposed along with its mathematic model. Based on the conventional six-accelerometer cube configuration, this scheme employs a nine-accelerometer configuration scheme and obtains the correct sign by exploiting the redundant information of the accelerometers and integrating the angular acceleration value. The accurate angular velocity can be calculated as square root of the square expression of the angular velocity. Simulation results show that the computational accuracy of angular velocity can be improved and confirm the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed design scheme.
94	B. Ozpineci, Zhong Du, L.M. Tolbert, D.J. Adams, D. Collins, "Integrating multiple solid oxide fuel cell modules," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1568- 1573 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: According to SECA program guidelines, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are produced in the form of 3-10 kW modules for residential use. In addition to residential use, these modules can also be used in apartment buildings, hospitals, etc., where a higher power rating would be required. For example, a hospital might require a 250 kW power supply. To provide this power using the SOFC modules, 25 of the 10 kW modules would be required. These modules can be integrated in different configurations to yield the necessary power. This paper shows five different approaches for integrating numerous SOFC modules and will evaluate and compare each one with respect to cost, control complexity, ease of modularity, and fault tolerance.
95	M.R. von Spakovsky, D. Rancruel, D. Nelson, S.K. Mazumder, R. Burra, K. Acharya, C. Haynes, R. Williams, "Investigation of system and component performance and interaction issues for solid-oxide fuel cell based auxiliary power units responding to changes in application load," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1574- 1579 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: SOFC stacks respond quickly to changes in load while the balance of plant subsystem (BOPS) responds in times several orders of magnitude higher. This dichotomy diminishes the reliability and performance of SOFC electrodes with increasing load as do current and voltage ripples which result from particular power electronics subsystem (PES) topologies and operation. These ripples and the difference in transient response between the electrical-electrochemical components for the PES and stack subsystem (SS) and those for the chemical-thermal-mechanical components of the BOPS must be approached in a way which makes operation of the entire system not only feasible but ensures that efficiency and power density, fuel utilization, fuel conversion, and system response is optimal at all load conditions. Thus, a need exists for the development of transient component- and system-level models of SOFC-power conditioning systems (i.e. coupled BOPS, SS, and PES) and the development of methodologies for optimizing subsystem responses and for investigating system-interaction issues, which reduce the lifetime and efficiency of a SOFC. A preliminary set of chemical, thermal, electrochemical, electrical, and mechanical models based on the first principles and validated with experimental data were developed and implemented using a number of different platforms. These models were then integrated in such a way as to permit component, subsystem, and system analyses; the development of control strategies; and the synthesis/design and operational optimization of a SOFC based auxiliary power unit (APU) and its components both for steady state and transient operation in transportation and stationary applications. Some pertinent results of these efforts are presented below.
96	A.B. Campbell, J.F. Ferrall, N.Q. Minh, "Solid oxide fuel cell power system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1580- 1584 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A 5-kW power system operating on hydrocarbon fuels is being developed for stationary applications. The system is based on a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) as the power generating unit. In addition to the SOFC, other components include fuel, air, water delivery, fuel processor, thermal management, control, and power management subsystems. The system has been designed and operating parameters selected to achieve a system efficiency of 40%. System control and power management approaches have been developed to support system operation and meet the required operational objectives.
97	J.F. Elter, D.G. Austin, "Power conditioning in fuel cell systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1585- 1589 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The power conditioning module (PCM) in a residential fuel cell system manages the electrical interfaces between the fuel cell stack DC electrical output and the AC electrical outlet of the residential customer. The power-conditioning module can be ideally considered a power amplifier with an intermediate storage element. The role of this module is to provide sinusoidal voltage to loads when operated independent of the grid, and a sinusoidal current (power) source when operated in parallel with the grid. The output of the fuel cell stack is unregulated DC voltage with the added constraint that its output power cannot be rapidly varied to follow the instantaneous power requirements of the AC loads. Therefore, an electrical energy storage module (EESM) is used along with the fuel cell stack to form a DC bus for the DC to AC power conversion that can provide the instantaneous power requirements of the AC residential load. With the integration of a fully digital implemented control algorithm that provides flexibility for any of the control tasks.
98	Won-Sik Baik, Min-Huei Kim, Nam-Hun Kim, Dong-Hee Kim, Kyeong-Ho Choi, Don-Ha Hwang, "An optimal efficiency control of reluctance synchronous motor using neural network with direct torque control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1590- 1595 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an implementation of efficiency optimization of reluctance synchronous motor (RSM) using a neural network (NN) with an direct torque control (DTC). The equipment circuit in RSM, which consider with iron losses is theoretically analyzed and the optimal current ration between torque current and exiting current analytically derived. For RSM, torque dynamics can be maintained even with controlling the flux level because a torque is directly proportional to the stator current unlike induction motor. In order to drive RSM at maximum efficiency and good dynamics response, the NN is used. The experimental results are presented to validate the applicability of the proposed method. The developed control system show high efficiency and good dynamic response features with 1.0 [kW] RSM having 2.57 ratio of d/q.
99	Se-Hwan Chun, Nam-Ju Park, Dong-Yun Lee, Dong-Seok Hyun, "A new AC/DC rectifier using one power circuit for unity power factor and dual output application," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1596- 1600 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a new rectifier using one power circuit for dual output and unity power factor application. The proposed rectifier has structure with one power circuit combined boost and flyback converter and is simultaneously performed to PFC (power factor correction) and regular output voltage. Therefore, the proposed rectifier has better merits of low cost and small size than boost plus flyback rectifier using the two stage method and more exact control than the flyback with multi-winding rectifier. The operating principle of proposed rectifier circuit is illustrated. And to verify the validity of the proposed rectifier, simulation was performed.
100	Chahng-gyu Joh, Dong-Yun Lee, Kyong-Hwan Kim, Dong-Seok Hyun, "A hybrid control scheme of asymmetrical half-bridge converter with low voltage stresses of the diodes," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1601- 1606 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a new hybrid control method of asymmetrical half-bridge converter (AHBC) with low voltage stresses of the diodes. The proposed new control scheme can observe variation of secondary diodes voltage stresses by using feedback of the input voltage and then decide the control portions, which are symmetrical control and asymmetrical control. Therefore, the proposed control scheme has many advantages such as a low rated voltage of the secondary diodes and low conduction loss according to the low voltage drop. The principle of the proposed control scheme is explained in detail and its validity is verified through simulated and experimental results.
101	A. Nogueiras, A. Lago, J. Doval, J. Marcos, C. Martinez-Penalver, "New mathematical nonlinear modulator model for switch-mode pulse width modulated converter circuits," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1607- 1612 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new mathematical model of pulse width modulation (PWM) process is developed to attain behavioral nonlinear simulation of switch-mode power converters. Applying the Laplace transformation and Heaviside unitary pulse function, a nonlinear mathematical model of the PWM pulses is achieved. This mathematical model, which leads to a nonlinear Simulink simulation model, validated against perturbations and employed to obtain different PWM techniques and employed to facilitate the simulation of DC-to-DC converters and VSI.
102	Y. Kurose, E. Hiraki, A. Fukui, M. Nakaoka, "Phase shifted ZVS-PWM high frequency load resonant inverter for induction heated foam metal type dual packs fluid heater," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1613- 1616 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel prototype of phase shift ZVS-PWM controlled high frequency load resonant inverter with lossless capacitor snubbers in addition to active resonant snubber for electromagnetic induction fluid heating appliances. The operating principle and unique features of this soft switching high frequency inverter circuit are described herein. The constant frequency phase shift ZVS-PWM controlled voltage source type high frequency load resonant inverter employing IGBTs is proposed for series capacitor compensated load, which is capable of achieving stable and efficient zero voltage soft commutation over a widely specified power regulation range from full power to low power. The steady state operating performance of this high frequency inverter is evaluated and discussed on the basis of simulation and experimental results for newly developed induction heated dual-pack heater of compact moving fluid heating appliance in the pipeline.
103	Pengcheng Zhu, Xun Li, Yong Kang, Jian Chen, "A novel control scheme in 2-phase unified power quality conditioner," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1617- 1622 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Improving power quality for sensitive load by a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) in a distributed generation system is presented in this paper. The power balance of this UPQC, consisting of back-to-back connected series and shunt active filters, is analyzed. Based on the analysis a novel control scheme is established in 2-phase synchronous rotating d-q frame (SRF). In this control scheme the series AF is controlled as a current source and makes the input current sinusoidal, while the shunt AF is controlled as a voltage source and keep the load voltage in the normal value. With the proposed control strategy, the UPQC is capable of compensating not only harmonic currents and reactive power of the load but also grid voltage distortion. And there is no harmonic interference between harmonic-producing loads and harmonic-sensitive load, which are connected on the common bus. The performance of a UPQC with the proposed control scheme under nonlinear load and grid voltage distortion is investigated using simulation as well as experiment works.
104	C. Larouci, J.P. Didier, A. Aldebert, O. Bouquet, A. Prost, J. Vauchel, "Optimal design of a synchronous DC-DC converter using analytical models and a dedicated optimization tool," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1623- 1628 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present an optimization approach of static converters using analytical models and a dedicated tool. Indeed, tools like Saber, Pspice or Simplorer are effective means for the power electronics structure time-domain studies. However, if these structures have an ac input and a high switching frequency (various time scales), or if several aspect studies are taken into account, time-domain simulation becomes painful and expensive in memory and computing time. The study of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) performances is also difficult because of the line impedance stabilizer network (LISN) time-constants which come to penalize the time-domain simulation. In addition, in sizing and optimization process, results in short computing times are needed, so the time-domain simulation may be too time consuming. In this way, the paper proposes to carry out a compromise between the model accuracy and the tool rapidness and recommends the use of analytical models to optimize the passive element volume of static converters by respecting EMC standards, by minimizing the whole dissipated losses (conduction and switching semiconductor losses, core and copper inductor losses, capacitor losses) and by constraining the semiconductor junction, the winding and the magnetic circuit temperatures. This optimization approach is applied to a 42 V-14 V dc-dc converter for the automotive domain (output power 1 kW). The developed optimization procedure is validated by numerical simulation and measures.
105	O. Ojo, P. Kshirsagar, "The generalized discontinuous PWM modulation scheme for three-phase voltage source inverters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1629- 1636 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents analytical techniques for the determination of the expressions for the modulation signals used in the carrier-based non-sinusoidal and generalized discontinuous PWM modulation (GDPWM) schemes for two-level, three-phase voltage source inverters. The resulting modulation schemes are applicable to inverters generating balanced or unbalanced phase voltages feeding either star or delta connected loads. The results presented in this paper analytically generalize the several expressions for the modulation signals already reported in the literature. Confirmatory experimental results are provided to illustrate some of the feasible modulation signals.
106	J.M. Guerrero, L.G. de Vicuna, J. Matas, J. Miret, M. Castilla, "A wireless controller for parallel inverters in distributed online UPS systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1637- 1642 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a novel controller for parallel-connected online-UPS inverters without control wire interconnections is presented. The wireless control technique is based on the well-known droop method, which consists in introducing P-/spl omega/ and Q-V schemes into the inverters, in order to share properly the power drawn to the loads. The droop method has been widely used in applications of load sharing between different parallel-connected inverters. However, this method has several drawbacks that limited its application, such as a trade-off between output-voltage regulation and power sharing accuracy, slow transient response, and frequency and phase deviation. This last disadvantage makes impracticable the method in online-UPS systems, since in this case every module must be in phase with the utility ac mains. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel control scheme, endowing to the paralleled-UPS system a proper transient response, strictly frequency and phase synchronization with the ac mains, and excellent power sharing. Simulation and experimental results are reported confirming the validity of the proposed approach.
107	K. Nishida, T. Ahmed, M. Nakaoka, M. Rukonuzzaman, "A robust deadbeat current control method by using adaptive predictor for single-phase voltage source active power filter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1643- 1648 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with a deadbeat current control implementation of voltage source shunt-type single-phase active power filter (APF). Although the one-dimensional deadbeat control method can attain time-optimal responses of APF compensating current, one sampling period is actually required for its settling time. To cancel such a delay and one more delay caused by DSP execution time, the desired APF compensating current has to be predicted two sampling periods ahead. In the prediction process, an adaptive predictor is newly introduced herein to predict the control error of two sampling periods ahead. The experimental results obtained from a DSP controlled APF are also illustrated.
108	P. Casasso, A. Fratta, G. Giraudo, P. Guglielmi, F. Villata, G. Franceschini, "Feasibility, test and novel design of battery packs for EV Scooter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1649- 1654 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Electrical vehicles autonomy is usually affected by cells low energy density. In an EV scooter, due to the limited room and weight available, this becomes a design critical point. Li-ion cells seem to be the best solution to set up a good autonomy vehicle with a reasonable weight and volume occupation. Two different kinds of batteries are then tested to point out the single cell actual behavior. Afterwards, charge and discharge voltage profiles are obtained for a small pack and the best performing battery type is chosen. According to the observed cell to cell voltage mismatch, a monitor and balancing circuit is designed to provide individual cell protection and maximize the final packs exploitation.
109	R. Kennel, A. El-refaei, F. Elkady, S. Mahmoud, E. Elkholy, "Improved direct torque control for induction motor drives with rapid prototyping system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1655- 1660 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Direct torque control (DTC) is an AC drive control method especially designed to provide fast and robust responses. In standard DTC, torque and flux errors are used as hysteresis controller inputs to determine the space voltage vector necessary to reduce these errors. During steady state operation., however, there are torque, flux and current pulsations. A well-known characteristic of DTC algorithms is the switching frequency varying in dependant on parameters like flux and torque hysteresis bands and the motor operating conditions. In this paper a novel progressive algorithm for DTC is presented with respect to induction motors. High torque and flux oscillations are avoided. Experimental results of the new DTC method obtained by an experimental rapid prototype system for drives are presented.
110	Yang Chen, Guozhu Chen, K. Smedley, "Analysis and measurement of small inductance of loops and vias on printed circuit board," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1661- 1666 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Printed circuit board (PCB) design has become a crucial issue for high density packaging of power electronics circuits. The traces, loops and vias on the PCB all introduce parasitic inductance, which causes high frequency ringing in the circuit and thus additional losses. In this paper, the inductance of several typical loops and vias on PCB is analyzed using Neumann formula. Studies show that the self-inductance of the rectangular loop is related to the length/width ratio, the trace width as well as the rectangular area. The mutual inductance between two loops is related to their relative position as well as their common area. When a loop contains vias, they may introduce additional inductance due to the additional cross-sectional area formed by the vias, while the vias themselves have little contribution to the inductance in the switching frequency domain. A simple and accurate test circuit was built based on oscillation method to measure the small inductance of loops on the PCB. Experimental results match the theoretical prediction with acceptable errors. Finally, some useful design guidelines are presented to optimize the layouts.
111	Xiaopeng Wang, Ruoping Yao, Fangquan Rao, "Considerations on the impedance character and impedance criterion in two-stage dc distributed power system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1667- 1672 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Impedance character as well as relevant impedance criterion is important in the small-signal stability analysis of multi-stage dc distributed power systems, where subsystems are integrated. At the same time, we usually approximately simplify a tightly controlled load-converter as constant power load. In this paper, we focus on the impedance character and impedance criterion in two-stage DC distributed system, which is in fact inter-dependent dynamical system with both interaction loop and many individual regulation loops. We verify that minor loop gain method can be directly extended to inter-dependent subsystems, while original impedance criterion cannot. Furthermore, we develop a substitutional impedance criterion, which is more efficient on small-signal stability analysis. With this substitutional impedance criterion, we discuss the influence of regulation loop gain, load resistance, input voltage and various duty-cycle ratios on system small-signal stability. In addition, we analyze the impedance shift process of the input impedance of load-converter and build the relationship between it and regulation loop gain. Negative resistor approximation of load-converter is only regarded reasonable when high regulation-loop gain is assumed and low-frequency character of load-converter is considered. Simulation results illustrate the validity of the substitutional impedance criterion.
112	S. Moisseev, K. Suzuoka, T. Ahmed, M. Nakaoka, "Feasibility study of high frequency step-up transformer linked soft-switching PWM DC-DC converter with tapped inductor filter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1673- 1678 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel high frequency transformer linked full-bridge type soft-switching phase-shift PWM control DC-DC power converter, which can be used as DC power conditioner for small-scale fuel cell power generation system as well as isolated step-up DC-DC power converter for automotive AC power supply. Using full-bridge soft-switching PWM DC-DC converter topology makes possible to use low voltage high performance MOSFETs to achieve high efficiency of the DC power conditioner. The tapped inductor filter is implemented in the proposed soft-switching converter circuit topology to achieve soft-switching PWM constant high frequency operation for the wide load variation range, to minimize circulating and idling currents without using additional resonant circuit and auxiliary power switching devices. The practical effectiveness of the proposed soft-switching DC-DC power converter is verified in the laboratory level experiment with 1 kW 100 kHz breadboard setup using power MOSFETs. Actual efficiency 94-96% of the proposed DC-DC converter is obtained for the wide load range.
113	H. Sugimura, H. Muraoka, K. Soushin, M. Matsuda, M. Nakaoka, "Dual mode ZVS-PWM high frequency load resonant inverter with auxiliary edge resonant snubber for super heated steamer," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1679- 1684 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a dual mode phase-shift PWM full bridge-type series load resonant high frequency inverter is presented for induction heating applications. The bridge arm side passive capacitor snubber and/or AC load side active edge resonant snubber-assisted series load resonant soft switching inverter with a dual mode phase shift PWM scheme is evaluated and discussed on the basis of simulation and experimental results. It is proved from a practical point of view that this new inverter topology can expand soft switching area even under low power setting ranges.
114	A. Jangwanitlert, K.J. Olejniczak, J.C. Balda, "An improved zero-voltage and zero-current-switching PWM full-bridge DC-DC converter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1685- 1690 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An improved isolated zero-voltage and zero-current switching full-bridge pulse width modulation (ZVZCS-FB-PWM) DC-DC converter having dual voltage outputs of 42 V and 5 V are presented. The leading leg achieves zero voltage switching, and the lagging leg with a series diode and active snubber circuit achieves zero current switching. A phase-shifted (PS) PWM technique is used to obtain ZVZCS by equalizing the small dead times. Also, PS-PWM strategy with a robust average current-mode control can regulate the output voltage to obtain stability and reliability. Furthermore, the active snubber circuit is replaced with a flyback converter operated in the ZVS discontinuous conduction mode due to the ringing voltage of the fast recovery diodes in the secondary side. The steady-state analysis of the topology is illustrated. In this paper, simulated and experimental results are shown to verify the validity of the proposed concept. Moreover, this configuration and results in lower conduction losses in the primary side are well suited for applications above a few kilowatts.
115	Lei Dong, Yongdong Li, Xiaozhong Liao, "Novel speed sensorless vector control with adaptive rotor flux identification of induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1691- 1696 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper compares three voltage model observer structures for rotor flux orientation of induction motors, and presents a novel method of speed sensorless vector control at very low speed, which is based on the finite compensating voltage model and the model-reference adaptive system (MRAS) for the estimation of voltage drop across the stator resistance. The accurate rotor flux can be estimated by this novel method in very low speed range, thus the performance of an induction motor is improved when the speed is decreased to very low range. This method is simple and effective, and it needs not any signal injection. The digital simulation results have validated the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
116	C. Cavallaro, S. Musumeci, R. Pagano, A. Raciti, K. Shenai, "Analysis modeling and simulation of low-voltage MOSFETs in synchronous-rectifier buck-converter applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1697- 1702 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Nowadays voltage regulator modules (VRMs) are high switching frequency applications devoted to supply low-voltage and high current with more and more increasing slew rates. Excellent performances can be provided by using a synchronous-rectifier buck converter, which allows overcoming the limitations in terms of efficiency shown by a standard buck topology with Schottky diode. A proper design of the synchronous-rectifier is fundamental to obtain the desired performance from the converter due to its considerable contribute to the total power losses. In this paper analysis modeling and simulation of low-voltage power MOSFETs in synchronous-rectifier buck-converter applications are reported. The MOSFET model has been derived by using an advanced process simulator, which represents the device as a two-dimensional (2-D) finite-element grid. Structure parameters have been derived from flow-chart data pertaining to the MOSFET fabrication, which have been optimised by comparing measured and simulated electrical characteristics. Static and dynamic behaviors relative to the studied device have been simulated through a 2-D mixed device and circuit simulator, and used to extract the structure parameters till to obtain a good match with the experimental results. A synchronous-rectifier buck-converter application has been experimentally analysed by arranging a suitable breadboard, in which the same device type has been used for both the high-side and low-side switch. Simulation runs, performed by implementing a behavioral model of the MOSFET device, have been reported too.
117	B. Karanayil, M.F. Rahman, C. Grantham, "Implementation of an on-line resistance estimation using artificial neural networks for vector controlled induction motor drive," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1703- 1708 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a new method of on-line estimation for the stator and rotor resistances of the induction motor in the indirect vector controlled drive, using artificial neural networks. The backpropagation algorithm is used for training of the neural networks. The error between the desired state variable of an induction motor and the actual state variable of a neural model is back propagated to adjust the weights of the neural model, so that the actual state variable tracks the desired value. The performance of the neural estimator and torque and flux responses of the drive, together with this estimator, are investigated with the help of simulations for variations in the stator and rotor resistance from their nominal values. Both these resistances are estimated experimentally, in a vector controlled induction motor drive and found to give accurate estimates. The rotor resistance estimation was found to be insensitive to the stator resistance variations both in simulation and experiment.
118	S. Buonomo, S. Musumeci, R. Pagano, C. Porto, A. Raciti, R. Scollo, "Analysis and performances of a new emitter-switching bipolar transistor device suitable for high-voltage applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1709- 1714 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with the analysis and experimental investigation of a new monolithic cascode, named the emitter-switching bipolar transistor (ESBT), which is suitable for high-voltage medium-frequency applications. The performances of the device are compared with those of a power MOSFET, having equal blocking voltage and equal rated current. The experimental investigation has been carried out in an actual application using a flyback scheme as workbench. The main advantages and drawbacks of the two devices, with special reference to the switching characteristics and the forward voltage, are hence shown, thus providing useful information to the power converter designers looking for a good exploiting of the ESBT. The correlation between the physical structure of the ESBT and its electrical characteristics is explained aiming to understand some interesting features belonging to the device family. Finally, analysis and discussion on the ESBT driving requirements are done, while several circuit topologies, which are devoted to energize the four-terminal device, are proposed.
119	D. Seyoum, D. McKinnon, M.F. Rahman, C. Grantham, "Offset compensation in the estimation of flux in induction machines," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1715- 1720 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Pure integrators pose a problem in the flux estimation of induction motors. The performance of the induction machine control mainly depends on the accuracy of the estimated flux. Error in the flux estimation system comprises of a drift produced by the integrator as a consequence of initial conditions and a drift produced by an offset error present in the back electromotive force (emf) due to terminal voltage and/or phase current sensor measurement offset error. The method proposed in this paper provides a simple and effective solution to these problems. The method compensates the error produced by the inherent problem in the pure integrator and measurement error. It can easily be applied in a DSP based induction machine control system for flux estimation. The computation burden is light and as such execution time remains low.
120	K. Soshin, T. Ahmed, M. Nakaoka, Y. Okamura, "Sensor-less speed control strategy for induction motor drive incorporating vector controlled scheme PWM inverter-fed with auto-tuning machine parameter estimation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1721- 1726 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a feasible development on a highly accurate quick response adjustable speed drive implementation for general purpose induction motor which operates on the basis of sensorless slip frequency type vector controlled sine-wave PWM inverter with automatic tuning machine parameter estimation schemes. The dynamic speed response performances for largely changed load torque disturbances as well as steady state speed vs. torque characteristics of this induction motor control implementation are illustrated and discussed from an experimental point of view.
121	Qiang Song, Wenhua Liu, Gangui Yan, Yuanhua Chen, "DSP-based universal space vector modulator for multilevel voltage-source inverters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1727- 1732 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel simple, fast and generally applicable multilevel space vector modulation (SVM) algorithm is proposed in this paper. The reference voltage vector is decomposed into offset vector and two-level vector. Thus a complicated multilevel SVM issue is simplified into a simple two-level SVM issue. The switching states and their duty cycle are determined based on the zero-sequence reference voltage and a good combination of switching states selection and optimal control of inverters is reached. The proposed algorithm is very simple, fast and applicable for any number of levels. Based on the proposed SVM algorithm, a DSP-based universal space-vector modulator for multilevel inverters is developed. The validity of the proposed algorithm and the developed modulator is verified by the test results of various numbers of levels. It is also verified using a 6 kV/1800 kVA three-level inverter system.
122	S. Musumeci, R. Pagano, A. Raciti, G. Belverde, C. Guastella, M. Melito, "A novel protection technique devoted to the improvement of the short circuit ruggedness of IGBTs," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1733- 1738 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with a novel short circuit protection technique that is applied during fault under load (FUL) conditions occurring on IGBT devices. An experimental analysis of rugged IGBTs, which are submitted to FUL transients, has been performed dwelling upon the main stresses associated with the fault. In particular, the issues pertinent to the current transient are analysed, and the state-of-the-art regarding the protection circuit as appearing in literature is recalled and discussed. A novel circuitry is proposed aiming to strongly limit the peak of current deriving from a FUL transient, thus limiting the considerable energetic and thermal stresses onto the device. Besides, a theoretical analysis explaining the working mechanism of the proposed circuit has been carried out. Finally, the experimental results, which have been obtained by exploiting a suitable breadboard able to create FUL transients, confirm the validity and correctness of the proposed approach.
123	L. Gamage, K. Fujita, T. Ahmed, A. Fukui, M. Nakaoka, "Series resonant high frequency inverter with zero current switching pulse density modulation for induction heated load," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1739- 1744 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the two lossless auxiliary inductor assisted voltage source type half bridge series resonant high frequency inverter for induction heated fixing roller in copy and printing machines. This high-frequency inverter treated here can completely achieve stable zero current soft switching (ZCS) commutation for wide power regulation ranges and load variations under its constant frequency pulse density modulation (PDM) scheme. Its transient and steady state operating principle is originally presented for a constant high-frequency PDM control strategy under a ZCS operation commutation, together with its output effective power regulation characteristics-based on the PDM strategy. The experimental operating performances of this voltage source ZCS-PDM high frequency inverter using IGBTs are illustrated as compared with computer simulation ones. Its power losses analysis and actual efficiency are evaluated and discussed on the basis of simulation and experimental results. The effectiveness of this high frequency inverter appliance is proved from the practical point of view.
124	Zhang Hui, Wang Shu-juan, Zhang Qing-sen, Zhai Guo-fu, "The research on rolling element bearing fault based on wavelet packets transform," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1745- 1749 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: There has been a lot of research on diagnosing rolling element bearing faults using wavelet analysis, but almost all methods are not ideal for picking up fault signal characteristics under strong noise. Therefore, this paper proposes the auto-correlation and the cross-correlation fault diagnosis methods based on wavelet packets transform (WPT) de-noising which combine correlation analysis with WPT for the first time. These two methods compute the auto-correlation or the cross-correlation of the measured vibration signals, then de-noise by thresholding and compute the auto-correlation of maximal energy coefficients of WPT and FFT of energy sequence. The simulation results indicate both of the methods enhance the capabilities of fault diagnosis of rolling bearing and pick up the fault characteristics effectively.
125	G.J. Jong, F.Y. Yang, T.J. Su, T.J. Moir, A.M. Pettigrew, "The autocorrelation function of the cochannel FM interference using the amplitude-locked loop," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1750- 1753 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a method for separating cochannel FM signals. They can be separated out form each other without distortion, cross-talk or beat frequency. It makes to use the FM spectrum doubly since two high quality channels can now be received using the same frequency for each channel. The channel's may be either analogue or digital in nature and do not require any special form of baseband encoding.
126	Jiwu Wang, H. Kimura, M. Sugisaka, "Study on the vision-based indoor navigation of an Alife robot," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1754- 1757 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: It is a prerequisite for a mobile robot to realize steady and reliable navigation. But its reliability is often weakened by an unavoidable slip and some incorrigible drift errors of sensors, especially after a long distance navigation. Although perceptual landmarks were solutions to such problems, it is easy to miss landmarks at some specific spots when the robot moves at different speeds, especially at higher speeds. And if the landmarks were put in any intervals, or if the illumination conditions were not good, it is more difficult to find them. In order to detect and extract the artificial landmarks robustly under different illuminating conditions, some low level but robust image processing technique was implemented. The moving speed was controlled with the visual servoing control method. When the robot suddenly can not find some specific landmarks at some specific spots because of the higher speed or rapid turn of the road, it will search for the landmarks based on its intelligence, the inertia of the previous motion, and find the landmark in the shortest time. These methods were verified by the reliable vision-based indoor navigation of an Alife mobile robot.
127	S.I. Benitez, "Chaotic system synchronization via nonlinear observer," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1758- 1761 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The problem of dynamical system's synchronization and signal transmission is considered. The goal is to achieve synchronization via observer design using parametric control theory. To attend this problem we shall analyze the Chua system and optimize the time and energy necessary to synchronize a couple of Chua's systems.
128	A.S. Elwer, S.A. Wahsh, M.O. Khalil, A.M. Nur-Eldeen, "Intelligent fuzzy controller using particle swarm optimization for control of permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicle," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1762- 1766 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Electric vehicle (EV) is a dream for the human being city traffic without exhausting gas and with low noise. Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) became at the top of ac motors in high performance drive systems such as EV. This paper presents a modern approach of speed control for PMSM using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize the scaling factors of fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The overall system is simulated under various operating conditions. The use of PSO as an optimization algorithm makes the drive robust, with faster dynamic response, higher accuracy and insensitive to load variation. The system is tested for a step change in load, the simulation results showing good dynamic response with fast recovery time.
129	Zhiyan Wang, Yunjie Li, Zhimin Luo, "An automatic chip character checking system for circuit board quality control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1767- 1770 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper discusses an automatic character recognition system for reading printed character string on chips and to support the quality control of circuit board production, and describes in detail the key technique of the system flow, including image preprocessing, character location and extraction, character normalization, OCR, etc. Some new methods of image binarization and character normalization are also presented.
130	F. Rashidi, M. Rashidi, M. Bahadori, "Network modeling for digital simulation of switching transients," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1771- 1774 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Power systems switching transients are initiated by the action of circuit breakers and switches and by faults. These actions include energization, de-energization, reclosing and fault clearing. The range of frequencies of primary interest in a switching transients study varies from the fundamental power frequency up to about 10 kHz. Therefore the proper and good representation must be chosen for the various components such as transmission lines and cables, transformers, source equivalents, loads and circuit breakers. Equipment modeling aspects for the analysis of switching transients are the principal subjects of this paper. The electromagnetic simulation program PSCAD/EMTDC is employed to simulate line energization.
131	F. Rashidi, M. Rashidi, A. Hashemi-Hosseini, "Design a modulator and demodulator SSB by DSP processor TMS320C50 for PLC systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1775- 1779 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: One of the most important parts of the data transmission systems is processing of the signals. In the primary models of this system, all these processes were done in an analog format. Because of this, the volume and the price were high. But in this model of system, however, all the processes are done digitally in which case the precision is high and also it contains all the abilities of the digitized systems. Some of the major changes in the structure of the system are: low cost, high precision, flexibility, etc. The main purpose of this paper is analyzing base band processes, HF modulator and SSB demodulator by the TMS320C50 processor. In this respect, the importance of the processor, its place and its operation is described and then a brief note is made on the TMS320 DSP processors made by Texas Instruments (TI) company and on the more important aspects of these processors. Following this is the analysis of the base band digital processor block diagram and the block diagrams of the digital process of the transmit (VF, HF) path. The block diagrams of the receive (VF, HF) digital process is then described and also the block diagram of the SSB demodulator by the TMS320C50 processor. Lastly there is the conclusion of this paper.
132	F. Rashidi, M. Rashidi, A. Hashemi-Hosseini, "Design and implementation of power line carrier device by using TMS320C50 processor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1780- 1785 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: By noting the advances and deployment in using the communication systems and ever intensifying need to communicate, we can better comprehend the need for a far reaching communication network which has the ability to expand with low cost and high dependability in transmission data. For this purpose the electrical network can be used as a communication channel, which is low cost and easily available, in data transmission systems such as power line carrier (PLC). An energy dispatcher network is divided into low voltage, middle voltage and high voltage groups and in this document we are focusing on high power lines and the transfer mechanism on them. Following in this paper, all the data transmission systems through the electrical network are viewed. Further more, we talked about the block diagram of a data transmission system and how its parts communicate with each other. Next, the processing units and the main chart of the system are described.
133	Guangzhi Cao, Jianqian Chen, Jingping Jiang, "An adaptive approach to vehicle license plate localization," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1786- 1791 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: It is well known that locating vehicle license plate is a very difficult problem in the field of image segmentation and ITS (intelligent transportation system). And unfortunately most of the methods already presented don't work robustly and usually impose some special restrictions on the input image condition, such as illumination, noise, etc. In this paper we proposed an accurate and robust localization algorithm by employing an adaptive thresholding and search strategy. The algorithm is based on the spatial frequency characteristic that the grayscale in the license plate region usually varies more frequently than in the background due to the existence of characters. In this paper, an adaptive threshold is firstly reached through an iterative selection-verification process. The gray image is then binarized by this threshold, and the algorithm localizes the license plate in the binarized image combining some prior knowledge of the license plate. The final accurate license plate segmentation is achieved after an accurate edge detection process based on the color information of the license plate. The robustness and performance of the algorithm are demonstrated by the convincing segmentation results even when the images are rather complex, noisy and in poor illumination.
134	A.P. Kalogeras, S. Koubias, G. Papadopoulos, "Requirements and solutions for the support of heterogeneous types of traffic in the industrial environment," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1792- 1795 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The Internet is revolutionizing the communications in the industrial environment. It is becoming increasingly important to bring predominant upper protocol stacks down to the field level. This makes possible the easier introduction of advanced applications relevant for instance to the support of industrial multimedia or the provision of Web remote maintenance and configuration services. The successful and seamless integration of different types of traffic having heterogeneous requirements is characterised by specific parameters that need to be respected by the communication protocol used in the industrial environment. This paper analyses the different parameters that need to be respected by the industrial communication infrastructure while it presents the available solutions for the different predominant industrial communication protocols.
135	Kyung Chang Lee, Man Ho Kim, Suk Lee, Hong Hee Lee, "IEEE 1451 based smart module for in-vehicle networking systems of intelligent vehicles," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1796- 1801 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: As vehicles are become intelligent for convenience and safety of drivers, the in-vehicle networking (IVN) systems and smart modules are essential components for intelligent vehicles. However, there are obstacles for the wide acceptance of the smart modules, Firstly, because it is very difficult to develop the smart module that supports all the existing IVN protocols, the smart module must be independent of the type of networking protocols. Secondly, when the smart module is to be replaced due to its failure, it is necessary to replace the transducer only keeping the original microprocessor and network transceiver. This paper deals with the IEEE 1451 based smart module that describes the digital interface between a network transceiver and a sensor module. Finally, efficacy of the IEEE 1451 based smart module was evaluated on the experimental model.
136	W.T. Ng, H.A. Chan, "Streaming multimedia content over home network with an intelligent controller," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1802- 1807 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A product to stream multimedia content with an intelligent control in a home network environment is designed and implemented. The home network used in this multimedia content streaming design consists of a multimedia center, client player (MP3 player or MPEG-I video set-top-box) and a remote control type device (palm pilot PDA). The multimedia center streams MP3 songs or MPEG-I video clips in multicasting mode using real time transport protocol (RTP). The client player receives RTP packets from the multicast channel and decodes the streaming data back to analog signals. Palm pilot PDA gets a list of songs and video clips from the multimedia center and indicates the client machines to playback the contents. The implementation of the whole environment and its operation are under Linux OS with various applications, tools and packages.
137	Sang-Mook Lee, A.L. Abbott, N.A. Clark, P.A. Araman, "Spline curve matching with sparse knot sets: applications to deformable shape detection and recognition," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1808- 1813 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Splines can be used to approximate noisy data with a few control points. This paper presents a new curve matching method for deformable shapes using two-dimensional splines. In contrast to the residual error criterion [F.S. Cohen et al., 1992], which is based on relative locations of corresponding knot points such that is reliable primarily for dense point sets, we use deformation energy of thin-plate-spline mapping between sparse knot points and normalized local curvature information. This method has been tested successfully for the detection and recognition of deformable shapes.
138	Hoo Sang Ko, Sang Hoon Kong, Sang Do Noh, Young-Geun Han, Gibom Kim, Kyo Il Lee, "Concurrent process flow analysis for collaborative process planning," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1814- 1818 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: To ensure competitiveness in the modern automotive market, process planning should be performed concurrently with new car developments. Process planners should make decisions in the manner of concurrent and collaborative engineering in order to reduce the manufacturing preparation time in developing a new car. Automated generation of a simulation model from the integrated process plan database can reduce time to perform a simulation and enable to use a consistent model. In this research, we developed a Web-based system for concurrent and collaborative process planning and flow analysis for an automotive final assembly, using Web, database, and simulation technology. A single integrated database is designed to automatically generate simulation models from process plans without reworking the data. This system enables process planners to evaluate their decision fast considering diverse factors and share their opinions with others easily. By using this system, it is possible to save time and cost of the assembly process planning, and reliability of the process plan can be improved.
139	Yonghua Zhou, Yuliu Chen, "The methodology for business process optimized design," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1819- 1824 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Effective business process design is the precondition for successful business process operation in business process reengineering (BPR) or improvement (BPI). This paper develops a systematic optimized design methodology of business process that also outlines the knowledge infrastructure about BPR from strategic, tactical and operational levels with supportive methods corresponding to design phases, such as BPR strategy formation based on quality function deployment (QFD), data envelopment analysis (DEA)-based benchmarking, business process structurized description and structural optimization, project-oriented business process performance optimization, and business process evaluation and decision. BPR is decomposed into business reengineering (BR) and process reengineering (PR) corresponding to business strategy formation and business process planning and control in integrated business process management, respectively. Business process optimization is a collaborative process centered on the operational process optimization jointly considering management and supportive processes optimization.
140	Jin Zhao, B.K. Bose, "Neural network based waveform processing and delayless in power electronics and ac drives," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1825- 1830 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper explores systematically the static nonlinear mapping property of feedforward neural network for various waveform processing and delayless filtering that are applicable to power electronics and motor drives area. Neural network based processing of waves gives considerable simplification of hardware and/or software that are traditionally used for such applications. Two general cases have been investigated: the voltage or current waveforms which have constant frequency but variable magnitudes, and the other case is variable frequency variable magnitude voltage or current waves. The former case is mainly important for power electronics that operate on utility system and general purpose constant frequency converter power supplies, and the latter is important for adjustable speed ac drives area. In both cases, the performance of neural network based waveform processing and delayless filtering was found to be excellent. The results of this study are also applicable in other areas of electrical engineering.
141	H. Shimazu, T. Saito, H. Torikai, "Analysis of conventional/improved delta modulators as switched dynamical systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1831- 1834 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper studies dynamics of the delta modulators (DM) and its improvement. The dynamics can be simplified into a 1-D return map, a simple differential equation. Using the return map, we clarify the mechanism for the non-synchronous operation and pulse-dropping phenomenon theoretically. We present a stabilization method of the synchronous phenomena using periodic compulsory switchings. Using a simple test circuit, typical operations are verified in the laboratory.
142	J. Vicente, R. Pindado, I. Martinez, J. Pou, "A new efficient algorithm for DC-AC PWM waveform generation with full fundamental regulation on a single linear equation set," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1835- 1839 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The use of the Walsh transform in DC-AC PWM waveform generation allows the calculation of the switching angles by means of linear equations dependent on the fundamental amplitude. Nevertheless, when a wide regulation of the fundamental amplitude is needed, conventional application of Walsh transform compels switching among different equation sets, due to the range limitation of each one of them. In this paper, a new way of obtaining the switching angles that permits full regulation of the fundamental amplitude with only a switching interval vector is described. The results of Matlab simulation proved the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
143	Bin Lu, A. Monti, R.A. Dougal, "Real-time hardware-in-the-loop testing during design of power electronics controls," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1840- 1845 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In the process of designing digital controls for power electronics, hardware-in-the-loop testing is increasingly recognized as an effective approach. A high performance simulation environment is necessary to obtain high-fidelity results. Many experiments have been proposed in the literature already. However in most cases, the environments are single platform, single solver, or non real-time. In this paper, we present the implementation and testing procedure of the real-time virtual test bed, a multi-platform, multi-solver, hard real-time simulation environment for power electronics controls. By using the signal extension resistive companion solver, RTVTB enables natural coupling between hardware and software, and thus makes power exchange with closed-loop hardware possible. As an application example, a boost converter state space feedback control system is studied and analyzed.
144	T. Nishida, S. Moisseev, E. Hiraki, M. Nakaoka, "Duty cycle controlled soft commutation high frequency inverter for consumer induction cooker and steamer," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1846- 1851 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel prototype of voltage source soft-switching PWM high frequency inverter with minimum circuit components, which can achieve wider soft commutation, simpler circuit configuration, smaller physical size, lower cost and wider power regulation range, higher-efficiency as compared with active voltage clamped edge resonant ZVS-PWM high frequency inverters developed previously. The operation principle of soft switching PWM high frequency inverter treated here is described on the basis of the simulation and experimental results, together with its comparative operating performances in steady state. The performances of this quasi-resonant soft-switching PWM high frequency inverter operating under principles of ZVS and ZCS arms-related soft commutation is comparatively evaluated and discussed including the voltage-clamped ZVS-PWM inverter and a single-ended ZVS-PFM inverter. The practical effectiveness of a novel type soft-switching PWM high frequency inverter using-state-of-the-art IGBT power modules is actually proved for consumer induction heated appliances such as cooker, hot water producer and super heated steamer.
145	K. Higuchi, K. Nakano, T. Kajikawa, K. Araki, F. Chino, "Robust control of PWM power amplifier by approximate 2-degree-of-freedom digital controller with bumpless mode switching," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1852- 1857 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Robust PWM power amplifiers whose transient response characteristics do not deteriorate against extensive load changes and/or direct-current power-supply voltage changes are needed. In this paper, a digital robust controller with bumpless mode switching for PWM power amplifiers which can satisfy such demands and can extend the range of capacitive load wider is proposed. It is necessary to measure the value of load to implement this bumpless mode switching automatically according to the load range. Thus, the method of estimating capacitive load is shown. Although it is necessary to use current for estimating capacitive load, it is expensive if a current sensor is used. Therefore, an easy current estimating method which can be performed more cheaply is shown. The current estimated by this method is used for capacity estimation and current feedback. The bumpless mode switching is automatically performed by estimating a capacitive value, without specifying the value of capacitive load beforehand. That is, the value of capacitive load is estimated during DDC execution, and the control mode is automatically switched bumplessly according to this estimated value. The digital controller equipped with capacity estimation and the bumpless mode switching is realized by a DSP. An experiment shows that the digital controller with the proposed bumpless mode can satisfy larger specifications.
146	J.M. Guerrero, L.G. de Vicuna, J. Matas, J. Cruz, J. Miret, "A simple constant-frequency nonlinear controller to enhance transient response in the half-bridge with current-doubler rectifier," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1858- 1863 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The half-bridge converter with current-doubler rectifier (HB-CDR) and synchronous rectification is a promising topology to implement new voltage regulator modules (VRMs). In this paper, a novel control scheme is proposed for this converter. Firstly, a large-signal bilinear model is derived, and a steady-state analysis is done in order to study the static performances of the HB-CDR. Secondly, by using the bilinear model a nonlinear feedforward controller is obtained. The proposed controller provides the following features: fast transient response, fixed switching frequency, and high robustness against load and input voltage disturbances. Furthermore, this controller avoids the use of any current sensor and can be implemented by means of cheap analog circuits, which highlights its low-cost and simplicity. Finally, simulation results are provided in order to show the validity of the proposed control technique.
147	L. Guo, J.Y. Hung, R.M. Nelms, "Digital controller design for buck and boost converters using root locus techniques," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1864- 1869 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Root locus techniques to design digital controllers for buck and boost converters are discussed in this paper. The small signal models of both converters are first transformed into discrete-time models using the matched pole-zero mapping method. Digital controllers are designed based on the discrete-time model using the root locus method. By selecting the poles, zeros and gain of the digital controllers, the closed-loop poles are placed at desired locations in the z-plane. The digital controllers are then implemented on a TI DSP. The root locus design method is compared with the frequency response design method. Experimental results from the buck converter indicate that the results obtained using the root locus method are comparable to the results obtained using the frequency response method, while results from the boost converter indicate the nonlinear nature of the boost converter small signal model may degrade the performance of the design using the root locus method.
148	A. Sangswang, C.O. Nwankpa, "Justification of a stochastic model for a DC-DC boost converter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1870- 1875 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we perform an analysis on random effects of a switching pulse-width modulated (PWM) DC-DC boost converter. Theoretical background regarding probability distribution of random noise due to existing disturbances is provided. An experimental study is performed to measure and characterize random noise on system parameters. Experimental results show that the characteristics of random noise in the converter are Gaussian. A new model is proposed to include the noise effects using stochastic differential equations. We verify the proposed model by Monte Carlo simulation. Error analysis is performed on obtained simulation results compared with the experimental results.
149	X. Kou, K.A. Corzine, "A four-level crossing dc/dc converter based drive system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1876- 1881 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper introduces a novel crossing front-end dc/dc converter for a four-level drive system which provides a voltage boost as well as dc capacitor bank voltage regulation. The primary advantage of the proposed converter is that it simplifies the control of the four-level diode-clamped inverter since capacitor voltage balancing is not required by the inverter control. Furthermore, the inverter modulation index can be varied up to its physical limitation. An average-value model of the converter is derived and used for insight and analysis of the converter operation. Detailed simulations of the four-level drive system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system.
150	C. Bauckhage, T. Kaster, M. Pfeiffer, G. Sagerer, "Content-based image retrieval by multimodal interaction," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1882- 1887 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Due to the size of today's professional image databases, the standard approach to content-based image retrieval is to interactively navigate through the content. However, most people whose job necessitates working with such databases do not have a technical background. Commercial practice thus requires efficient retrieval techniques as well as navigation interfaces that are intuitive to use and easy to learn. In this paper we introduce a system for interactive image retrieval that combines different approaches to feature based queries. Furthermore, it allows multimodal interaction because apart from conventional input devices like mouse and keyboard, it is possible to operate the system using a touch screen or even natural language. Besides technical details and results on retrieval accuracy, we also present results of usability experiments which underline that users well appreciate multimodal interfaces for image retrieval.
151	C.-I.H. Chen, K. George, Mingzhen Wang, W. McCormick, J.B.Y. Tsui, "2.5 GSPS/1 GHz wide band digital receiver," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1888- 1893 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Today's very deep submicron IC technology enables high performance analog and digital applications to be integrated on a single IC chip. For this effort, a design of 2.5 giga-sample per second (GSPS) electronic warfare (EW) receiver-on-a-chip (ROC) is presented. For our design, we take advantage of a super-resolution technique to reduce sidelobes and spurs for improving instantaneous dynamic range. A major goal is to produce a low cost, small and lightweight, and low power EW ROC. Our design covers a 1 GHz bandwidth (125 MHz - 1125 MHz), and it correctly processes two simultaneous signals by detecting their frequency, pulse width (PW), and time of arrival (TOA). The single or dual signal, spur free dynamic ranges and two signal instantaneous dynamic ranges of our design are high. The minimum frequency separation of two signals is 10 MHz (one channel width), the maximum amplitude separation of two signals is 18 dB, and the second signal false alarm is less than 1%.
152	M. Bertoluzzo, G. Buja, A. Zuccollo, "CAN upgrade toward determinism and composability," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1894- 1898 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper presents two solutions aimed at making the CAN networks deterministic and composable. The two solutions run on the application layer and exploit the services offered by either CANopen or the native CAN protocol. In the first solution, named Multimaster, each node operates as a master and the transmission cycle is initiated by a synchronization message. In the second solution, named SynCAN, each node transmits only in a fixed slot of time and in a sequence established a priori. The efficiency of the two solutions is analyzed and experimental data on the first solution are given.
153	P. Marino, C. Sigiienza, F. Poza, F. Vazquez, F. Machado, "/sub S/upporting information system for power transformer fault forecasting applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1899- 1904 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Power transformers' failures carry great costs to electric companies since they need resources to recover from them and to perform periodical maintenance. To avoid this problem in four working 40 MVA transformers, the authors have implemented the measurement system of a failure prediction tool, that is the basis of a predictive maintenance infrastructure. The prediction models obtain their inputs from sensors, whose values must be previously conditioned, sampled and filtered, since the forecasting algorithms need clean data to work properly. Applying data warehouse (DW) techniques, the models have been provided with an abstraction of sensors the authors have called virtual cards (VC). By means of these virtual devices, models have access to clean data, both fresh and historic, from the set of sensors they need. Besides, several characteristics of the data flow coming from the VCs, such as the sample rate or the set of sensors itself, can be dynamically reconfigured. A replication scheme was implemented to allow the distribution of demanding processing tasks and the remote management of the prediction applications. VCs and the modular architecture proposed make the system scalable, reconfigurable and easy to maintain.
154	Sang-Keon Oh, Kap-Ho Seo, Ju-Jang Lee, "Time series prediction by mixture of linear local models," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1905- 1908 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Local modeling approaches have emerged as one of the promising methods of time series prediction. By divide-and-conquer method, state-dependent local model can approximate a subset of training data accurately. However, the construction of local models need appropriate selection of much larger number of parameters. This paper presents a method to construct a mixture of linear prediction models for the prediction of nonlinear time series. The use of locally linear model reduces the burden on the user to specify parameters using linear optimization method. This method is applied to the modelling of the Mackey-Glass time series.
155	A. Browne, B. Hudson, D. Whitley, M. Ford, P. Picton, H. Kazemian, "Knowledge extraction from neural networks," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1909- 1913 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In the past, neural networks have been viewed as classification and regression systems whose internal representations were incomprehensible. It is now becoming apparent that algorithms can be designed which extract comprehensible representations from trained neural networks, enabling them to be used for data mining, i.e. the discovery and explanation of previously unknown relationships present in data. This paper reviews existing algorithms for extracting comprehensible representations from neural networks and describes research to generalize and extend the capabilities of one of these algorithms. The algorithm has been generalized for application to bioinformatics datasets, including the prediction of splice site junctions in human DNA sequences. Results generated on this dataset are compared with those generated by a conventional data mining technique (C5), and conclusions are drawn regarding the application of the neural network based technique to other fields of interest.
156	D. Soud, H.B. Kazemian, "A fuzzy approach to connection admission control in 802.11b wireless systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1914- 1919 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Connection admission control provides support for quality of service across heterogeneous networks. By restricting access through a traffic policing policy the network is prevented from becoming oversubscribed, in turn reducing latency for real-time variable traffic. Traditional methods to restrict admission involve the use of simple traffic descriptors (peak cell rate, cell loss ratio and cell to cell delay) that may not accurately characterise the network, and result in over cautious admission policies. Here we present a method using measurements taken from 802.11b WLAN devices to estimate the network state and then regulate admissions through a fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The FLC accurately determines network congestion by measuring network load and error rate. When the data transmissions are compared with a mechanism using a best effort service the proportion of successful admissions is significantly higher.
157	H.B. Kazemian, Li Meng, "Fuzzy logic controllers for MPEG VBR video transmission over ATM networks," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1920- 1925 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The overall aim of the paper is concerned with transmission of a digital video signal over an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network, using a self-organizing fuzzy (SOF) controller. In ATM a traffic-shaping buffer is used to prevent excessive back-to-back cells being generated during the peak transmissions of Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG) variable bit rate (VBR) data sources. The VBR data sources are unpredictable and have substantial variations in bit rate, which could result in data loss and therefore image quality degradation. In this research, a self-organizing fuzzy controller is applied to digital video to eliminate excessive delay or loss at the user network interface. A self-organizing fuzzy controller adjusts the traffic-shaping buffer output rate frame by frame to enable the VBR encoded video to conform to the leaky bucket's contract. A rule-based fuzzy (RBF) controller regulates the average arrival rate to the traffic-shaping buffer to prevent either overflow or starvation of the buffer on a group of picture (GOP) by GOP basis. The computer simulation results demonstrate that the use of a SOF controller reduces excessive delay and data loss at the user network interface as compared with a conventional policing mechanism in ATM.
158	J.V. Healy, M. Dixon, B.J. Read, F.F. Cai, "Confidence in data mining model predictions: a financial engineering application," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1926- 1931 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a generally applicable robust method for determining prediction intervals for models derived by non-linear regression. Hypothesis tests for bias are applied. The concept is demonstrated by application to a standard synthetic example, and is then applied to prediction intervals for a financial engineering example viz. option pricing using data from LIFFE for 'ESX' European style options on the FTSE 100 index. Unbiased estimates of the standard error are obtained. The method uses standard regression procedures to determine local error bars and avoids programming special architectures. It is appropriate for target data with non-constant variance.
159	J. Al-Kuzee, T. Matsuura, A. Goodyear, L. Nolle, A.A. Hopgood, P.D. Picton, N.St.J. Braithwaite, "Intelligent control of low pressure plasma processing," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1932- 1937 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Several parameters characterize systems for materials processing that use radio frequency electrical discharges in gases at low pressure. These include directly measurable quantities such as a DC bias voltage, an ion current, an energy flux, masses of charged species, and spectrally resolved optical emission. None of these is directly controllable but all are dependent on several variables that can be controlled such as radio-frequency (RF) power, chamber pressure, and gas flow rates. There is a rich parameter space that must be painstakingly searched for optimum conditions for any particular process. In place of the relatively slow manual procedure, an artificial intelligence (AI) approach has been used to map out contours for all of the above characteristic parameters in the control space. Automatic characterization of plasma systems in this way could significantly reduce the time to re-configure them and to transfer processes between different systems.
160	Y. Ohnishi, T. Yamamoto, "A design of nonlinear PID controllers with a neural-net based system estimator," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1938- 1943 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: PID control schemes based on the classical control theory, have been widely used for various process control systems for a long time. However, since such processes have nonlinear properties, it is difficult to determine 'optimal' PID parameters. In this paper, a system identification scheme by using a neural network is proposed. Furthermore, a PID control scheme based on the estimates is considered. According to the newly proposed scheme, it is possible to employ to nonlinear systems. Finally, the behavior of the newly proposed control scheme is investigated on a numerical simulation example.
161	Xing-Gang Yan, S.K. Spurgeon, C. Edwards, "Decentralized sliding mode control for multimachine power systems using only output information," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1944- 1949 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, robust output feedback stabilization for multimachine power systems is considered. The power system is interconnected by a set of subsystems through a network transmission which is nonlinear and has an associated nonlinear bound. The uncertainty of the input matrix, and the mismatched uncertainty associated with the interconnections are both considered. Under some mild conditions, a decentralized sliding mode control scheme is developed. The conservatism of the obtained results is reduced by fully using the system output and the structures of uncertainties. Finally simulation results for a 3-machine power system are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
162	Jung-Hua Yang, Chyuan-Yow Tseng, "Adaptive sliding-mode based voltage-controlled active magnetic bearing system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1950- 1955 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with the control problem for an active magnetic bearing system. An adaptive sliding mode control algorithm which does not need the knowledge of system parameters is presented. Besides the controller can tolerate high-speed rotational disturbance without performance degradation. The closed loop system is proved to be asymptotically stable by using Lyapunov approach. Simulations are also done to demonstrate the validity of the controller.
163	Ming-zhe Yuan, Zhi Wang, Xudong Ren, Hai-bin Yu, Yue Zhou, "Function block-based pipelined controller," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1956- 1961 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The application of advanced control algorithm, which is normally time-consuming and limited, into field device is discussed. A pipeline fashion is proposed to decrease the execution time of the control algorithm within a network control system by the help of a Foundation fieldbus technology. Sampling period is shortened with the new pipeline fashion and the controller performance is improved. The advantage of the pipeline fashion is validated by analytical proofs and simulation results.
164	H. Yabushita, Y. Hirata, K. Kosuge, Z. Wang, "Environment-adaptive control algorithm of power assisted cycle," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1962- 1967 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we propose a new control algorithm of a power assisted cycle which is an electrical cycle driven by a human's pedaling force and an actuator's driving force. In this algorithm, an actuator's driving force is generated based on the pedaling torque of the rider and environmental conditions, so that the rider could ride the cycle on any road as if he/she rides on a horizontal road. In addition, this control algorithm could adjust apparent resistance forces for riding the cycle depending on rider's physical strength. The proposed control algorithm is experimentally applied to an electrical tricycle and the experimental results illustrate the validity of the proposed algorithm.
165	J. Shukla, B.G. Fernandes, "A new soft-switched resonant buck-type rectifier with constant switching frequency," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1968- 1975 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new three-phase soft-switched AC-to-DC buck converter operating at constant switching frequency and drawing current at unity power-factor from the source is proposed. Unlike other three-phase resonant switch buck-type rectifiers reported in the literature, the switching frequency of this converter is held constant. The proposed converter uses two switches, which are soft-switched. This results in reduced switching losses and electromagnetic interference (EMI). The principle of operation and detailed analysis of the converter are given and the design procedure of the rectifier is presented. In order to predict the performance of the proposed rectifier, detailed simulation studies using SABER are carried out. A laboratory prototype of the rectifier operating from three-phase 110-V/sub rms (L-L)/ 50 Hz supply and delivering 250 W at 50 V is designed and developed. The source current is sinusoidal and power-factor is unity. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of the line current is less than 5% at full load.
166	Sang-Kyoo Han, Gun-Woo Moon, Myung-joong Youn, "A novel current-fed energy recovery sustaining driver for plasma display panel (PDP) - IECON'03," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1976- 1980 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel current-fed energy-recovery sustaining driver (CFERSD) for a PDP is proposed in this paper. Its main idea is to recover the energy stored in the PDP or to inject the input source energy to the PDP by using the current source built-up in the energy recovery inductor. This method provides zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) of all main power switches, the reduction of EMI, and more improved operational voltage margins with the aid of the discharge current compensation. In addition, since the current flowing through the energy recovery inductor can compensate the plasma discharge current flowing through the conducting power switches, the current stress through all main power switches can be considerably reduced. Furthermore, it features a low conduction loss and fast transient time. Operations, features and design considerations are presented and verified experimentally on a 1020/spl times/106 mm sized PDP, 50 kHz-switching frequency, and sustaining voltage 140 V based prototype.
167	Ying Liu, Gang Yao, Xiangning He, Hongyang Wu, "Simulation and experiment research on three-level BUCK circuit with passive soft-switching," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1981- 1985 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Three-level BUCK circuit with passive soft switching is studied in this paper. Passive soft switching cells are added into the converter and do not increase the complexity of control. The operating principles of the soft switching are discussed in detail. Simulation and experiment waveforms are given in this paper. The practicability of the circuit is verified.
168	Hao Cheng, E.K.K. Sng, K.J. Tseng, "Optimum trajectory switching control for series parallel resonant converter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1986- 1991 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The series parallel resonant converter (SPRC) is known to have combined merits of the series resonant converter (SRC) and parallel resonant converter (PRC). However, the presence of a three-element LCC structure makes the SPRC's transient dynamics complex and its quick control difficult. This paper provides an analysis and a solution for this problem. It firstly presents the SPRC dynamics using the state-plane analysis technique and then provides a method to derive the optimal trajectory during transients for the SPRC. The method minimizes the transient response of the SPRC to within one switching cycle by deriving two optimal switching instances. The derivation of the optimal state trajectory during transients for the SPRC is described. Simulation results validate the method and show significant improvement in transient response compared to that of a step change in frequency control.
169	B. Diong, S. Basireddy, K. Corzine, "Multilevel converter-based dual-frequency induction heating power supply," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1992- 1997 Vol.2, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Most existing power supplies for induction heating equipment produce voltage at a single (adjustable) frequency. Recently, however, induction heating power supplies that produce voltage at two (adjustable) frequencies have been researched and even commercialized. Dual-frequency power supplies are a significant development for heat-treating workpieces with uneven geometries, such as gears, since different portions of such workpieces are heated dissimilarly at a single frequency and so require a two step process using a single-frequency power supply. On the other hand, a dual-frequency power supply can achieve the desired result for such workpieces in a one step process. However, the existing approaches to dual-frequency voltage generation could be improved to achieve higher efficiency, improved control, reduced electromagnetic interference and greater reliability. This paper proposes the use of multilevel converters for providing induction heating power at two frequencies simultaneously. It also describes how the stepping angles for the desired output from this converter were determined. Furthermore, experimental results are presented as a verification of the analysis.
170	"Author index," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.2 , pp. 1999- 2014, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Not Available

IEEE Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference

Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference

Vol.3 , 2-6 Nov. 2003 Access to the IES Annual Conference on IEEE XPLORE IE Transactions Home Page

1	"The 29th Annual Conference of the Ieee Industrial Electronics Society," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. i- xliv, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Not Available
2	A. Nasiri, A. Emadi, "Modeling, simulation, and analysis of active filter systems using generalized state space averaging method," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 1999- 2004 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, modeling and analysis of active filter systems based on the generalized state space averaging method is presented. The non-linear equations of the system are converted to a linear state space model. A fast and reliable approximation of the system is achieved in this method. Long execution time, divergence problem, and huge produced files, which are difficulties associated with the conventional modeling techniques of active filter systems, are not present in the proposed method. In addition, the developed models can be used for the purpose of control and stability assessment. The method is applicable to different topologies and control techniques. In this paper, modeling and simulation results are presented for typical single-phase shunt, single-phase series, and three-phase shunt active filter systems. Experimental results are also provided for the verification of the proposed approach.
3	V. Diana, M. Summer, P. Zanchetta, M. Marinelli, "The use of genetic algorithms for the design of current controllers for active shunt filters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2005- 2010 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the automated design of the current controller in an active shunt filter. The design method employs a genetic algorithm (GA) based routine. A suitable user definable fitness function assesses the performance of several control parameters, and select which values will evolve to the next generation. Evolution over many generations evaluates a wide range of controller structures and values, and ultimately determines which one best achieves the control goals. Simulation and experimental results show that the method produces a good current controller design, but equally importantly, the design is carried out with very little user interaction. As such the design method is attractive to commercial manufacturers of active shunt filters, as it can significantly reduce commissioning times.
4	You Xiaojie, Li Yongdong, Hao Ruixiang, Cheng Zhiguang, "A new synchronous frame current reference generation for hybrid active filter and system stability analysis," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2011- 2016 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, the authors present a new synchronous frame current reference generation method for hybrid active power filter (HAPF), which can extract both harmonic and reactive current contained in the nonlinear load under the condition of unsymmetrical and non-sinusoidal source voltages. Furthermore, this method can extract selective order of harmonics, which enables the active filter to detect and compensate the lower order of harmonics while the passive counterpart compensates the residual harmonics. The stability of the system is also studied. Finally simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
5	E. Pagano, L. Piegari, P. Tricoli, "Approaches to analytical analysis of active filter behaviour," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2017- 2022 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper deals with sample structures of active filters. The aim is the evaluation of an analytical model for analysing the influence that filter parameters have on behaviour of the device. The results give also the opportunity to carry out useful guidelines for filter design. By means of well-known mathematical procedures the traditional mathematical model of active filter is arranged to be suitable of an analytical solution of the system of differential equations. Solutions are expressed as a function of the time and by means of inner parameters. Therefore it is possible a simple evaluation of the influence of the parameter values on output filter currents.
6	Guozhu Chen, K.M. Smedley, Zhaoming Qian, "Tuned power inductors for hybrid active power filter with structure of hybrid magnetic core, distributed air gaps and three-phase five column," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2023- 2028 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a new structure of tuned power inductors for hybrid active power filter (HAPF), featuring a hybrid magnetic core, distributed air gaps, and three-phase five-column structure. Detailed discussion of quality factor (Q), equivalent resistance (R/sub eq/), power losses, inductance linearity and mutual inductance are provided. Analysis and experiments show that: by using hybrid magnetic cores combining silicon steel and ferrite cores, inductors with low R/sub eq/, high Q value and desired mechanical strength can be achieved; distributed air gaps are an effective methods to improve linearity and to avoid the fringe effect around large gaps; the three-phase five-column structure leads to very small mutual inductance from phase to phase, and each phase inductance can be tuned independently which is required by HAPF. The findings in this paper are validated by industrial tests with a 50 kVA HAPFs.
7	T.M. Chan, S. Kwong, K.F. Man, "Multiobjective resource optimization in mobile communication network," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2029- 2034 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we study the resource management problem in direct sequence - wideband code division multiple access (DS-WCDMA) systems of mobile communication network. The transmission power and transmission rate control, in resource management are to be optimized while without violating the quality of service. Both single objective approach and multiobjective genetic algorithms have been investigated. Not only comparison has been conducted between the two cases, but their performance has also been compared with other currently available searching techniques.
8	S. Hoyt, D. St John, D. Wilson, L. Bushnell, "A tree tour with radio frequency identification (RFID) and a personal digital assistant (PDA)," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2035- 2040 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A popular tree tour at the University of Washington campus has been automated via RFID and a PDA. The previous 81-tree hardcopy tour has also been updated to include more information on each tree, including digital photos. A survey conducted demonstrates the updated, electronic tree tour is easier to navigate, full of better visuals, and results in less false identifications.
9	H. Takahashi, K. Ohnishi, "Autonomous decentralized control for formation of multiple mobile-robots considering ability of robot," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2041- 2046 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The studies about multiple mobile robots have been developed. Formation control is an important theme since it is applicable in various themes. "Leader-following" strategy is a suitable method for controlling multiple mobile robots in formation. It is because it is easy to control robots and to express a formation of robots. But in this strategy, it is difficult to consider the ability gap of a robot like human being. In respect of autonomous decentralized control, it is important to control robots in most suitable formation considering the ability of a robot. Each robot has to be controlled by each controller according to the ability. The purpose of this study is to control multiple mobile robots in formation considering the ability of a robot using "leader-following" strategy. At first, new idea which is called performance index is defined and new controller is proposed based on performance index. Second, compliance controller using a virtual repulsion is suggested in this paper, so that each robot can avoid collision. Finally simulation results show the validity of the proposed method.
10	A. Przywara, R. Kusch, D. Naunin, "Real-time operating systems on small embedded devices for industrial control and communication," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2047- 2052 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Modern embedded electronic devices become more complex by the demand of the users. For this they need a powerful software foundation, which could be a general operating system like Linux. Problems arise with the strict timing demands, which can be solved by using realtime extensions. General problems and their solutions are shown. Deterministic behavior is documented by oscilloscope plots of an example system using a Motorola MPC860 microcontroller. Hints are given to fit a runnable Linux system in small flash memory. Typical application scenarios are presented.
11	T. Sugawara, T. Murakami, "An approach to absolute position control of mobile robot by PSD based robust control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2053- 2058 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The purpose of this research is to realize an absolute position control of mobile robot. Several researches with respect to position control of mobile robot considering its nonholonomic constraints have already reported. They are so powerful, but there are still some issues to improve the control performance. First, the disturbances such as wheel slip, modeling error, and so on deteriorate the position response. So the disturbances suppression should be considered. Second, it is difficult to predetermine the trajectory to reach the desired position because of the nonholonomic constraints. To improve the performance of the position convergence, it is strongly required to develop the trajectory generation algorithm independently of the nonholonomic constraints. In the proposed approach, the absolute position detected by PSD is used to construct the robust position controller. Furthermore, the virtual forces to swing the mobile robot and to modify its orientation are arbitrarily generated to guarantee the convergence to the desired position even if the position response is affected by slip motion or uneven floor. Several numerical and experimental results are shown to verify the validity of the proposed approach.
12	Furong Liu, C. Klumpner, F. Blaabjerg, "Stability analysis and experimental evaluation of a matrix converter drive system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2059- 2065 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The interest in using the matrix converter (MC) technology for motor drive applications is steadily increasing due to its advantages: high quality of the input currents, regeneration capability and high power density but a few unsolved issues delays its industrial use. This paper deals with one of them: the stability of a MC drive caused by using the voltage across the input filter capacitor in the control scheme. First, a small-signal model of the matrix converter is carried out for two load types: a passive RL-load and an induction motor, which is helping to assess the stability of the whole system. Based on this model, the factors that influence the stability are analyzed and design guidelines to improve the system stability are given and verified by simulations. Experimental results are carried out on an 8.5 kVA MC prototype, which show some disagreements with the theory but reasons for these are identified.
13	Jie Chang, A. Wang, T. Sun, "VF-input and high-frequency matrix converter - recent development and evaluation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2066- 2071 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The proposed VF-input matrix converter accepts a wide frequency variation of input power. For many applications of on-board power generation systems or distributed power systems, this new capability of one-stage VF-VF conversion eliminates a conventional speed regulation stage between the shafts of engine and alternator, thus improving the energy conversion efficiency. The converter is 100% regenerative with no DC-link and has high power density. New capability operating at hundred hertz of fundamental frequencies at both input and output sides of the converter is also developed and demonstrated. The high frequency excitation further reduces the size and weight of the generating and motoring apparatus. The system has good potential to support multiple applications.
14	P.W. Wheeler, J.C. Clare, M. Apap, L. Empringham, K.J. Bradley, C. Whitley, G. Towers, "A matrix converter based permanent magnet motor drive for an electro-hydrostatic aircraft actuator," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2072- 2077 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the design, construction and testing of a matrix converter permanent magnet motor drive for an electro-hydrostatic aircraft actuator (EHA). The converter has been built using a 35Amp Eupec Matrix Converter module with closed loop vector control. The commutation time has been minimized to avoid any unnecessary waveform distortion. Practical results from the testing of this converter are presented.
15	Lixiang Wei, Y. Matsushita, T.A. Lipo, "A compensation method for dual-bridge matrix converters operating under distorted source voltages," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2078- 2084 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper investigates the performance of a dual-bridge matrix converter (DBMC) operating with distorted source voltages. A direct feed-forward unbalance control scheme is developed to reduce the influence of input voltage distortion to the load. The line side source voltages and its fundamental component are first detected. Then, appropriate distorted switching functions of the line side converter are applied to reduce the harmonic content of the load. The proposed method has several advantages: first, it can effectively reduce the harmonic content of the load side current with either unbalanced or distorted source voltage. Second, this control method requires only calculation of the fundamental components of the input line voltages. Third, the input power factor of the fundamental component can be adjusted readily without any difficulty. Lastly, the harmonic content of the line side current can also be easily approximated. Theoretical analysis and simulation results are presented in the paper to verify the effectiveness of the approach.
16	J.W. Kolar, F. Schafmeister, "Novel modulation schemes minimizing the switching losses of sparse matrix converters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2085- 2090 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The switching losses of a three-phase sparse matrix converter (SMC) operating in the lower modulation range are minimized by employing the lowest and the second largest input line-to-line voltage for the formation of the converter DC link voltage. The resulting current stresses on the power semiconductors and the switching frequency ripple RMS values of the filter capacitor voltages and output currents are calculated by digital simulation and compared to conventional modulation. Finally, a modulation scheme is introduced which allows the generation of reactive input power also for missing active power transfer via the DC link and/or purely reactive load. This is a basic requirement for operating the SMC in boost mode where the output filter capacitor voltages have to be controlled sinusoidally also for no-load operation.
17	A. Tay, "Control of photoresist thickness uniformity in the microlithography process," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2091- 2096 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel approach to improve photoresist thickness uniformity after the conventional spin-coating and softbake process is proposed in this paper. Using an array of thickness sensors, a multizone programmable bakeplate, and standard PI controller, the temperature distribution of the bakeplate is manipulated in real-time to reduce photoresist thickness nonuniformity. We have experimentally obtained a repeatable improvement in resist thickness uniformity from wafer-to-wafer and across each wafer. Thickness nonuniformity of less than 10 nm has been obtained. On average, there is a 10/spl times/ improvement in the thickness uniformity as compared to conventional softbake process.
18	N. Matsunaga, I. Nanno, M. Tanaka, S. Kawaji, "A new method of temperature control for the uniform heating," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2097- 2102 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Uniform temperature control of heating plate, which has a wide thermal conduction area, is required in many industrial application fields. In this paper, a new method of uniform temperature control is proposed based on an idea of quasi-decoupling. The feature of the proposed method is easy to design a control system without the precise plant dynamics. The controller is designed using the gradient and average of temperature among the arbitrary points. The effectiveness of the proposed control method is confirmed by experiment.
19	Tao Fang, Jiangang Lu, Zhi Wang, Youxian Sun, "An image compressing algorithm based on PCA/SOFM hybrid neural network," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2103- 2107 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Neural network is a very efficient method for image compression. It is suited to the problem of image compression due to its massively parallel and distributed architecture. Principle component analysis (PCA) neural network model and self-organizing feature map (SOFM) neural network model are often adopted for image compression in many references. In this paper, the authors propose an image compressing algorithm based on PCA/SOFM hybrid neural network, which has the advantages of both PCA and SOFM. A new method of selecting initial codebook and distortion criterion is presented to improve the efficiency of SOFM neural network according to the statistical feature of PCA transformational coefficient. Simulation results show that compared to successive PCA and SOFM algorithm or basic SOFM algorithm, PCA/SOFM hybrid algorithm has many advantages: lower memory storage; substantial reduction of computation and better performance of codebook.
20	T. Mashimo, K. Ohishi, H. Dohmeki, "High speed positioning system considering unknown coulomb friction and windup phenomenon," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2108- 2113 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In a conventional positioning system, when the position error becomes small, the motor cannot obtain enough deceleration torque. Hence, the position response becomes slow. There is also another positioning system that is to design a position reference from trapezoidal speed reference. This positioning system is valid when load torque and the final goal position are given. However, if the load torque and the final goal vary, its position response cannot have the desired response. In order to overcome these problems, this paper proposes a new high speed positioning system of AC servo motor considering unknown coulomb friction and windup phenomenon. The proposed always uses the maximum acceleration or deceleration torque and the maximum speed.
21	Wai Ee Wong, Lu Feng, Guoxiao Guo, Weichun Ye, A. Al-Mamun, "Implementation of a servo positioning system on spin stand," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2114- 2119 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: To achieve an ultra-high track density in magnetic recording systems, high precision and efficient servomechanism is needed to position the head on the desired track. In this paper, a multiple-frequency servo encoding and modified discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-based decoding scheme is used to detect the position error signal (PES) as the feedback signal for reader servo control on a spin stand. A personal computer (PC) is used to perform the DFT and generates the PES at 8 kHz speed. A modified PZT head cartridge base is used as the positioning device on the spin stand. A closed-loop bandwidth of 300 Hz has been achieved, resulting in an 18% improvement of the tracking accuracy.
22	Quan Jiang, Chao Bi, A. Al Mamum, "An effective approach to predict performances of high speed BLDC motors in hard disk drives," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2120- 2125 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: As the speed of the BLDC motors in hard disk drives has been increased from 3,600 rpm to 15,000 rpm, the phase commutation of the motor and the MOSFET switches of inverter influence the spindle motor performances obviously, for examples, the torque ripple and efficiency of the motor. In this paper, an effective approach of BLDC spindle motor system is presented to predict the performance of BLDC motors accurately. Both the characteristics of the spindle motor and MOSFET switches of the inverter can be taken into account in the simulation. The experimental results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method.
23	S.M. Sri-Jayantha, Hien Dang, A. Sharma, "Adaptive servo control of vibration induced error," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2126- 2131 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Vibration degrades the effective data rate of a disk drive. Any imbalance of a rotating disk platter can produce periodic vibration. Multiple disk drives cumulatively emit a mixture of periodic and random vibration. Track-following precision of a drive therefore becomes impaired. The frequency of the external vibration pattern is not always known a priori. An adaptive algorithm to determine the periodicity and strength of a cross vibration component is developed and demonstrated. A second order digital peak filter, driven by vibration afflicted position error signal (V-PES), in an open loop configuration forms the basis for detection method. Filter coefficients expressed as a function of a frequency dependent parameter selectively amplifies the V-PES signal. By sweeping through an anticipated frequency range, critical vibration components are first identified. Subsequently V-PES components with rich spectral contribution are compensated by the corresponding filter bank in feedback configuration. The demonstrated algorithm circumvents a need for Fourier analysis to identify V-PES frequency components, facilitating ease of implementation in cost-sensitive products.
24	A. Al Mamun, I. Mareels, T.H. Lee, A. Tay, "Dual stage actuator control in hard disk drive - a review," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2132- 2137 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper provides a comprehensive review of various methods suggested over the past few years to design controller for dual-actuated servomechanism in hard disk drives. Main challenges in the design are explained, and different methods are compared based on these factors.
25	Yen-Shin Lai, Fu-San Shyu, Yung-Hsin Chang, "Novel sensorless PWM-controlled BLDCM drives without using position and current sensors, filter and center-tap voltage," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2138- 2143 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The main theme of this paper is to present a novel sensorless brushless DC motor (BLDCM) drive without using position and current sensors, filter and center-tap voltage. The techniques for this drives, include initial position detection technique [Y.S. Lai et al., April 2003], loss-reduction PWM technique [Y.S. Lai et al., Oct. 2002], and back-EMF detection technique [Renesas Systems Solutions Asia Pte. Ltd., Sept. 2002]. The initial position detection technique provides initial position detection without using A/D converter, filter, current sensors, and hall sensors as shown in [Y.S. Lai et al., April 2003]. The PWM technique [Y.S. Lai et al., Oct. 2002] significantly reduces the conduction losses by invoking the concept of synchronous rectifier. The back-EMF detection technique offers noise-free back-EMF detection results for commutation control of inverter, while not using any filter and center-tap voltage. Experimental results derived from a DVD spindle BLDCM test system confirm the theoretical analysis.
26	Yen-Shin Lai, Fu-San Shyu, Yung-Hsin Chang, "Novel sensorless PWM-controlled BLDCM drives without using position and current sensors, filter and center-tap voltage," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2144- 2149 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The main theme of this paper is to present a novel sensorless brushless DC motor (BLDCM) drive without using position and current sensors, filter and center-tap voltage. The techniques for this drives, include initial position detection technique [Y.S. Lai et al., April 2003], loss-reduction PWM technique [Y.S. Lai et al., Oct. 2002], and back-EMF detection technique [Renesas Systems Solutions Asia Pte. Ltd., Sept. 2002]. The initial position detection technique provides initial position detection without using A/D converter, filter, current sensors, and hall sensors as shown in [Y.S. Lai et al., April 2003]. The PWM technique [Y.S. Lai et al., Oct. 2002] significantly reduces the conduction losses by invoking the concept of synchronous rectifier. The back-EMF detection technique offers noise-free back-EMF detection results for commutation control of inverter, while not using any filter and center-tap voltage. Experimental results derived from a DVD spindle BLDCM test system confirm the theoretical analysis.
27	S. Ichikawa, M. Tomitat, S. Doki, S. Okuma, "Sensorless control of synchronous reluctance motors based on an extended EMF model and initial position estimation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2150- 2155 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we realize a sensorless control of synchronous reluctance motors based on a proposed extended EMF model. This proposed model can be used for all synchronous motors, so the estimation method applied for permanent magnet synchronous motors can be applied for synchronous reluctance motors without modification. At standstill state, since an amplitude of the extended EMF becomes zero, it is difficult to realize position estimation based on the extended EMF. In order to solve this problem, a system identification method for sensorless control is combined with it. Sensorless control of synchronous reluctance motors can be realized from standstill state to high-speed ranges by a combination of two methods.
28	A. Iwata, S. Ichikawa, M. Tomita, S. Doki, S. Okuma, "Position and velocity sensorless control of SynRMs using on-line parameter identification," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2156- 2161 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel on-line parameter identification system for position sensorless control of synchronous reluctance motors (SynRMs). The proposed identification system can identify motor parameters in position sensorless control. Therefore, there is no necessity of complicated measurements of motor parameters in advance. Under position sensorless control, since the mathematical model includes the position and velocity whose actual value is unknown, the estimated position and velocity are substituted for them. As a result, there is a possibility that identified parameters can be affected by the position and velocity estimation error. However, since the proposed system cancels position and velocity terms, identified parameters are not affected by them. The position sensorless control using identified motor parameters is realized, and the effectiveness of proposed system is verified by experimental results.
29	Hyung-Woo Lee, Tae-Hyung Kim, M. Ehsani, "Power density maximization of the brushless DC generator," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2162- 2166 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an advanced control technique for power density maximization of the brushless DC (BLDC) generator by using linear tracking method. In a generator of given rating, the weight and size of the system affect the fuel consumption directly therefore, power density is one of the most important issues in a stand-alone generator. The optimal current waveform for maximizing power density and minimizing machine size and weight in a nonsinusoidal power supply system has been proposed and verified by simulation and experiment. Also, a new simple algebraic method has been proposed to accomplish the proposed control without a FFT which is time consuming and complicated.
30	Chang-Su Ma, Tae-Jin Kim, Dae-Wook Kang, Dong-Seok Hyun, "A simple control strategy for balancing the DC-link voltage of neutral-point-clamped inverter at low modulation index," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2167- 2172 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a simple control strategy based on the discontinuous PWM (DPWM) to balance the DC-link voltage of three-level neutral-point-clamped (NPC) inverter at low modulation index. It introduces new DPWM methods and one of them is used for balancing DC-link voltage. The current flowing through the neutral point of the DC-link causes the fluctuation of the DC-link voltage of the NPC inverter. The proposed DPWM method changes the path and duration time of the neutral point current and it makes the overall variation of the DC-link voltage zero during a sampling time of the reference voltage vector. Therefore, by using the proposed strategy, the voltage of the DC-link can be balanced fairly well and its ripple is also reduced significantly. Moreover, comparing with conventional methods that have to perform the complicated calculation, the proposed strategy is very simple. The proposed DPWM method is verified by experiment.
31	Won-Kyo Lee, Tae-Jin Kim, Dae-Wook Kang, Dong-Seok Hyun, "A carrier-rotation strategy for voltage balancing of flying capacitors in flying capacitor multi-level inverter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2173- 2178 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a carrier-rotation (CR) PWM technique that is a new solution for the voltage unbalancing problem of flying capacitors in the flying capacitor multi-level inverter (FCMI). The proposed PWM technique equalizes the utilization of phase leg voltage redundancies corresponding to the charging and the discharging state of individual flying capacitors during each switching period of all the switches. Therefore, the charging and the discharging quantity of flying capacitors are equal, which makes the average variation of flying capacitor voltages become zero and keeps their voltage stable during minimum specified period. It also has the same switch utilization and the reduced harmonic contents of output voltage since the switching frequency of each switch is identical and all the carrier signals are in phase. Hence, it is more suitable for the FCMI compared with the phase-shift PWM method. The proposed PWM technique is analyzed precisely in flying capacitor 3-level inverter and then it has expanded to the FCMI (N-level, N>3). Experimental results on the laboratory prototype flying capacitor 3-level inverter confirm the validity of the proposed PWM technique.
32	J. Pou, R. Pindado, D. Boroyevich, P. Rodriguez, "Evaluation of the low-frequency neutral-point voltage oscillations in the three-level inverter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2179- 2184 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The nearest vectors to the reference vector are commonly used in space-vector modulation strategies. The main advantages of these modulation strategies are the low switching frequencies of the devices, the good output voltage spectra and the low EMI. However, when these techniques are applied to the three-level neutral-point-clamped inverter, low-frequency oscillations appear in the neutral-point voltage for some operating conditions. As a result, the value of the DC-link capacitors must be increased in order to attenuate such oscillations. In this paper, these amplitudes are quantified for two modulation strategies that use nearest vectors to the reference vector. Owing to the nondimensional variables used in the analysis, the information provided will help for the calculation of the DC-link capacitors in a given specific application. Simulated and experimental examples are presented.
33	F. Kang, Sung-Jun Park, Cheul-U Kim, "Multilevel inverter employing cascaded transformers," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2185- 2190 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel multilevel inverter employing series-connected transformers to reduce the harmonics of output voltage. The proposed inverter consists of three full-bridge modules and their corresponding transformers. Continuous output voltage levels can be generated from a suitable selection of turn-ratio of transformer. And it appears as an integral ratio to the input DC source. Because of the series operation of transformers, an output filter inductor is not required. The validity of the proposed multilevel inverter is verified through the experimental results using a 500 [W] prototype, which can generate 110 [V/sub ac/] output voltage from 12 [V/sub dc/] input.
34	J.E. Espinoza, J.R. Espinoza, L.A. Moran, D.G. Sbarbaro, "A systematic controller design approach for neutral-point-clamped three-level inverters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2191- 2196 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a simple linear control technique that is able to keep zero neutral point potential in three level inverters. The technique works even under dynamic operating conditions and enables the decoupled control of the direct and in quadrature motor currents based on the relative gain array approach. This strategy allows the use of outer control loops to set the direct and in quadrature motor currents references as required, for instance, by field oriented and/or direct torque control strategies. Experimental results prove the theoretical considerations and show the simplicity of the proposed control scheme.
35	M. Lambeck, "Using the TMS 320 on-chip CAN to control drive applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2197- 2202 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Over the last decade, the CAN-bus hat evolved from a car manufacturer's toy to one of the most widely used communication and control systems not only for the automotive industry, but also for commercial and industrial applications. This paper describes the use of the CAN bus for two very different projects at the institute.
36	N. Oda, K. Kotani, "A compliant motion control of planar redundant manipulator by amplifying joint torsional deflections," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2203- 2208 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper describes a compliance control strategy using space motion of the redundant manipulator. In many robotic systems, the compliance or elasticity such as harmonic drive gears , deflection of links, flexibility of joint shafts and so on, is present. In the proposed approach, such torsional deformation due to naturally existing compliance or elasticity are positively utilized into the space motion of the redundant manipulator. The total deformation at the end-effector can be precisely estimated in real-time by comparing internal position sensor with real position which is measured by optical sensing. By using this measured deviation, the natural compliance can be virtually amplified to realize a compliant space motion. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed by several experimental results.
37	B. Vogel-Heuser, D. Friedrich, E.H. Bristol, "Evaluation of modeling notations for basic software engineering in process control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2209- 2214 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Process engineers and process control engineers need to discuss the functionality of a plant in an early phase of a project. A "language" to communicate between these different skilled engineers is necessary, which is based on the requirements of the process itself. The quality of the notion is strongly depending on an appropriate modeling concept for the process characteristics. The use of ICL (idiomatic control language) and UML (unified modeling language) will be compared and evaluated for modeling in basic engineering. It addresses to process engineers, process control engineers and technicians. The model should be used for code generation for PLC or DCS systems.
38	Yong Feng, Xiaoli Chen, Xuqiang Yang, Xinghuo Yu, "Model of a TDI line scan camera and its electronics," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2215- 2220 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a model of a TDI line scan camera and its electronics. The model consists of three parts, the camera geometric model, the TDI CCD line scan sensor model and the electronics model. The camera geometric model gives a perspective transformation from continuous known objects to a discrete image on the TDI CCD sensor. The mathematical relationship between the amount of incident light and the analog output signal of a TDI CCD sensor is established. Finally, the camera electronics including pre amplifier, DC restore, correlated double sampling (CDS), gain amplifier, and A/D converter are modeled. The model of a TDI line scan camera and its electronics is useful to design and evaluate the electronics of the camera, to develop the virtual CCD camera and to research the methods of enhancing the image quality.
39	A. Astarloa, U. Bidarte, A. Zuloaga, I.M. de Alegria, "Reconfigurable microstepping control of stepper motors using FPGA embedded RAM," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2221- 2226 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The control of stepper motors using microsteps in open-loop systems is a well known mechanical and electrical improvement. The most common stepper motor controllers have all the elements to perform a microstepping control requiring only the digital control for the current level and direction in each winding. In this design we propose a cost-effective solution to integrate this control into high speed FPGA based designs. The core uses an FPGA block RAM to save conventional logic resources. Also, if the system needs to change the microstepping control granularity while the system is running, a partial dynamic reconfiguration can be performed only by changing the content of the block RAM attached to the core.
40	T. Miyazaki, K. Ohishi, K. Inomata, H. Yanagisawa, D. Koide, H. Tokumaru, "Robust tracking servo system considering force disturbance for optical disk recording system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2227- 2232 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a new robust tracking servo system for optical disk recording system with feedforward controller based on prediction of tracking error. In optical recording systems, the feedback servo system must suppress the influence of the force disturbance and parameter variation. For this purpose, this paper designs the robust feedback control system by using the coprime factorization and disturbance observer. The detecting signal of optical disk recording system is only a tracking error. Hence, the feedforward controller of the proposed tracking control system is constructed based on both "zero phase error tracking" (ZPET) control theory and prediction of tracking error. The experimental results point out that the proposed system has a quick and precise tracking response and keeps the residual tracking error below tolerance.
41	Young Kow Lee, Sang Woo Kim, Sung Chul Hong, "Modified feed-forward automatic gauge control using adaptive line enhancer in hot strip finishing rolling," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2233- 2238 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper provides a technique to reduce the variation of exit thicknesses in a hot strip finishing mill. The feed-forward automatic gauge control (FFAGC) adjusts roll gap to reduce this variation by estimating the skid marks of exit slabs of previous stands. It plays a key role in FFAGC to filter the skid marks because it is difficult to exactly estimate the skid marks in the hard environment of the rolling plant. In this paper, an enhanced adaptive filter method is proposed to estimate the skid marks in FFAGC. The real coil data acquired under the modified FFAGC in POSCO show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
42	P.-O. Nyman, W. Sulkowski, "PMSM robust current control with adaptive tuning of axis decoupling," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2239- 2244 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Current control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is designed for optimal robust performance under both uncertainties in the stator parameters, and variation of operating speed. To avoid the conservatism inherent in many robust control approaches, and to admit a flexible choice of optimization criteria, the design is carried out with the help of a genetic algorithm. The controller is composed of two SISO PI-controllers and a static feedback decoupling network that minimizes the interaction between the d- and g-axes uniformly across the parameter uncertainty range, and across the speed range. Remaining interaction is eliminated by a simple on-line adaptive cancellation. This results in a practically perfect decoupling in the stationary case, while leaving the stability and performance level guaranteed by the robust design intact. It is shown that the stability and parameter convergence of the proposed adaptive cancellation mechanism is robust with respect to stator parameter uncertainties for a relative broad range of reasonable controller parameters. The adaptive mechanism is tested both in simulations and on the actual motor.
43	V.F. Montagner, P.L.D. Peres, "Robust state feedback control applied to a UPS system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2245- 2250 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of robust control design for a single-phase uninterruptible power supply by means of state feedback. Sufficient conditions are given for the existence of a robust stabilizing control gain that assures: a) the closed-loop system pole location inside a circle on the left-hand of the complex plane if the load is considered as an uncertain time-invariant or slow time-varying parameter; b) at least the stability of the closed-loop system if the load is considered as an arbitrary time-varying parameter. The robust control conditions are formulated in terms of a set of linear matrix inequalities easily solved using specialized softwares. Design examples and simulation results illustrate the method proposed.
44	M. Ravan, S.H.H. Sadeghi, R. Moini, "A wavelet network approach for predicting surface cracks shapes," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2251- 2254 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A wavelet network based technique is proposed for predicting crack depth profile using the output signal of a surface magnetic field measurement (SMFM) probe. The technique utilizes a wavelet network with Gaussian-derivative activation function. The main feature of this technique is that it requires only the sensor output signals along the crack edge. The learning process is done using the estimated probe output signals from a simulator. The application of the proposed technique to several surface cracks with various depth profiles demonstrates its ability to accurately predict the crack shape, in addition, the results indicate that the proposed technique is superior to a conventional multiplayer perceptron neural network.
45	J. Farina, J.J. Rodriguez-Andina, J. Bullon, A. Lorenzo, "Measurement and analysis of the impedance of electrodes in arc furnaces for silicon production," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2255- 2260 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an automated system for the remote measurement and analysis of the impedance of the electrodes in submerged arc furnaces used in silicon production facilities worldwide. The system plays a key role in the efficient on-line monitoring of the furnace that, as demonstrated in previous works, is useful not only to check the operation, but also to determine the values of some important parameters of the furnace. The system also allows an off-line analysis of the measurements to be carried out, which can be useful to identify ways to refine the monitoring process. The paper describes the structure and operation of the system, and its integration with both the furnace and the control network of the plant. Experimental results collected at the silicon production facility of the company Ferroatlantica, in Spain are presented and discussed.
46	A. Mitome, R. Ishii, "A comparison of hand shape recognition algorithms," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2261- 2265 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A hand shape recognition is proposed as a graphical user interface (GUI) which is very useful for a handicapped person to use a computer. This paper compared five hand shape recognition algorithms, evaluated the hand shape recognition ratio, the processing speed, and the extraction ratio on different colored background. From the results, the algorithm2 (named in this paper) has the maximum recognition ratio in all hand shape recognition algorithms and it is 93.3[%]. The algorithm1 and the algorithm2 have faster processing speed than other three algorithms. The extraction ratio is about 70[%] in each algorithm.
47	Jae-Kang Lee, Il-Hwan Kim, "New recognition algorithm for various kinds of Euro banknotes," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2266- 2270 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Counters for the various kinds of banknotes require high-speed distinctive point extraction and recognition. In this paper, we propose a new point extraction and recognition algorithm for banknotes. For distinctive point extraction we use a coordinate data extraction method from specific parts of a banknote representing the same color. To recognize banknotes, we trained 5 neural networks. One is for inserting direction and the others are for the face value. The algorithm is designed to minimize recognition time. The simulated results show the high recognition rate and low training period. The proposed method can be applied to high-speed banknote counting machines.
48	Weng Khuen Ho, A. Tay, Khiang Wee Lim, Ying Zhou, Kai Yang, "Warpage detection during baking of semiconductor substrate in microlithography," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2271- 2276 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Wafer warpage is common in microelectronics processing. Warped wafers can affect driven performance, reliability and linewidth control in various processing steps. We proposed in this paper an in-situ fault detection technique for wafer warpage in microlithography. Early detection can minimize cost and processing time. Based on first principle thermal modeling, we are able to detect warpage fault from available temperature measurements. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the approach. The proposed approach is applicable to other semiconductor substrates.
49	H. Komurcugil, O. Kukrer, "A robust current control strategy for single-phase shunt active power filters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2277- 2281 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a robust current control strategy for single-phase shunt active power filters (APFs) based on the dynamic model of a single-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) with four controllable switches. The idea in this strategy is to generate a switching function in terms of the filter current reference and then apply it to VSI so that the actual filter current follows its reference. The load current is measured and subtracted fro the source current reference to form the filter current (compensating current) reference. The amplitude of the input current reference can be adjusted by using a PI controller that regulates the dc capacitor voltage. It is shown that the proposed method has a good robustness to parameter changes. In addition to this, the method has another advantage of using only one current sensor for the load current. Computer simulation and experimental results are compared and good agreement is reported verifying the correct operation of the proposed control method.
50	S. Inoue, T. Shimizu, K. Wada, "Control methods and compensation characteristics of a series active filter for the neutral conductor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2282- 2287 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Due to the advance of information technologies, a large number of electronic products such as personal computers have been connected to power distribution systems in commercial buildings. Hence, voltage distortion on utility outlets and excessive neutral current on distribution lines have arisen, and those lead to a number of serious problems in the distribution system. Two control methods and the related compensation characteristics of a series active filter connected to the neutral conductor are presented in this paper. The distinct functions of the proposed active filter are mitigation of 3rd-harmonic voltage and neutral current in a three-phase four-wire distribution system in a building. The required power of the proposed active filter is less than 10% of that of the harmonic producing loads. A control method of the dc capacitor voltage on the active filter circuit is also described. it is clarified through experiments that one those two functions of the active filter can be realized selectively and the dc capacitor voltage of the active filter can be regulated to a desired value.
51	A. Cavini, F. Ronchi, A. Tilli, "Four-wires shunt active filters: optimized design methodology," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2288- 2293 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with the design of a four-wire shunt active filter (SAF) based on a AC/DC converter. Different methodologies in choosing suitable values of the components, both inductor and capacitor, are presented for different objectives. The first two present a procedure to design the inductor limiting the current ripple of the filter. The others deal with the capacitor design: the first solution is based on the knowledge of the load spectrum, while the second one regards the worst load case for a given maximum current of the inverter switches. Both the algorithms are based on a model inversion and are control-oriented.
52	A. Dell'Aquila, A. Lecci, M. Liserre, "A comparison between two predictive controllers for single-phase active filter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2294- 2299 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Predictive controllers can be successfully adopted for active filter due to their fast response and simple algorithm that allows a short execution time. In this paper two different predictive controllers are compared. The first controller aims to lower the switching frequency; the second one aims to the minimum possible current error and is based on a simpler algorithm. The two controllers are analyzed taking into consideration their digital implementation, via simulation and experimental results.
53	M. Ortuzar, R. Carmi, J. Dixon, L. Moran, "Voltage source active power filter, based on multi-stage converter and ultracapacitor dc-link," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2300- 2305 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A multi-stage inverter using three-state converters is being analyzed for active filter and static var compensator applications. Each phase of the converter is composed of four three-state converters, all of them connected to the same dc link and its output connected through output transformers scaled in power of three. The filter can compensate load currents with high harmonic content and low power factor, obtaining sinusoidal currents from the source. A 1F ultracapacitor is used in the dc link, making it possible to obtain a very stable voltage at the dc bus, even with highly contaminated currents. This high capacity also makes it possible to continue feeding the contaminating load during a voltage dip. The capacitor voltage is controlled simply by changing the phase angle of the converter, and thus changing the amount of active current flowing to and from the converter. The control is implemented with a non-linear PI gain and a modulation control to maintain a stable ac voltage during dc voltage drops. The great advantage of this kind of converter is the minimum harmonic distortion obtained. Simulation results for this application are shown and compared with similar results obtained with conventional PWM converters.
54	A. Santolaria, J. Balcells, D. Gonzalez, J. Gago, "Evaluation of switching frequency modulation in EMI emissions reduction applied to power converters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2306- 2311 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Although most of the power converters are currently designed to operate by using a constant switching frequency and a variable duty-cycle, some attempts were made in order to verify the effect of modulating the switching frequency [F. Lin et al., 1992] and how this modulation affected the power converters EMI emissions. As known, spread spectrum clock generation (SSCG) modulates the originally constant switching frequency by following a certain modulation profile in order to spread the single harmonic energy into an amount of side-band harmonics having the same energy but much smaller amplitudes. This reduction technique has been used and implemented for high frequencies (as those related to clock frequencies in communications and microprocessors systems). This paper is dedicated to SSCG applied to the reduction of EMI emissions in power converters, focusing on the effectiveness of frequency modulation in EMI reduction as a function of the different switching frequency ranges and modulation profiles. Theoretical results were obtained just modulating a sine pure wave following several modulation profiles [A. Santolaria et al., 2002], this one representing each one of the harmonics composing the real square PWM-signal controlling the power converter. A practical arrangement was implemented to generate and measure EMI emissions.
55	L. Ferrer, J. Balcells, D. Gonzalez, J. Gago, M. Lamich, "Modelling of differential mode conducted EMI generated by switched power inverters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2312- 2315 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a method for the calculation of conducted differential mode EMI disturbances produced by switched power inverters. The complex geometry and the wide range of time constants involved, make the simulation of conducted disturbances in such systems a complex matter. The features of the proposed method are shown in the paper by comparing simulation results with experimental results obtained in a conventional H-bridge voltage source inverter.
56	S. Bartos, I. Dolezel, V. Jehlicka, J. Skramlik, V. Valouch, "Calculation and measurements of electromagnetic emissions from IGCT-based chopper," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2316- 2319 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Implementation of new IGCT elements into the chopper circuitry requires great attention that has to be paid to the level of electromagnetic emission (EMI) noise. In order to estimate these levels, relatively simple procedures have been used, based on an approximation of typical waveforms of current pulses flowing through the cables connecting a filter capacitance and the chopper. These current pulses represent the main source of the EMI noise radiated by the chopper. The predicted results were compared with measured values with a quite good agreement. The magnetic field produced by the prototype of the trolley-bus was also measured and tested. The preliminary measurements performed on the prototype of the innovated trolley-bus have indicated that the EMI produced by the vehicle comply with the current standards.
57	Su Eog Cho, Feel-soon Kang, Cheul-U Kim, "Optimal design and minimization of conducted EMI noise in elevator inverter system by customized IPM," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2320- 2325 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with the optimal design of an elevator inverter system based on a customised IPM. The proposed approach reduces dv/dt and di/dt resulted in minimization of conducted EMI noise without an additional circuitry. It only optimises the value of gate resistor in the IGBT embedded in the IPM. In order to optimise the customized IPM to an elevator system, we simulated and measured the spike voltage and the motor surge voltage including the temperature variation due to the switching losses at the IPM case and heat-sink. As a result, thanks to the optimised value of the gate resistor to the IPM, the conducted EMI noise is reduced approx. 5/spl sim/10 [dB/spl mu/V] in a particular frequency domain.
58	E.F. Magnus, J.C.M. de Lima, V.M. Canalli, J.A. Pomilio, F.S. Dos Reis, "Tool for conducted EMI and filter design," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2326- 2331 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper a simulation tool that allows us to determine the conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI), generated for the basic PFP converters (Cuk, buck, boost, buck-boost, sepic, and zeta converters) will be presented. Using this software, we can determine full EMI spectrum in dB//spl mu/V in accordance with the CISPR 16 standard. An EMI filter design methodology that allow us to accommodate the conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by power factor correctors to international standards in the design step is also presented. Therefore, this can be an useful aid for power electronics designers.
59	Xuanyuan Wang, M. Kazerani, "A novel maximum power point tracking method for photovoltaic grid-connected inverters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2332- 2337 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a novel maximum power point (MPP) tracking method for photovoltaic grid-connected inverters is proposed. The distinct feature of the proposed MPP tracking algorithm is in using the power injected into the grid as the control lever for maximizing the solar array output power. The proposed MPP tracker does not need the dc/dc converter and the dc voltage support used in the conventional MPP tracking systems to control the output voltage of the solar array in search of the maximum power point. A grid-connected inverter equipped with the proposed MPP tracking system is simulated in detail using a solar array simulator. The simulation results are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed MPP tracking algorithm in drawing maximum power from the solar array at all times while maintaining a high quality injected sinusoidal current as well as unity power factor at the grid interface.
60	Y. Nishida, S. Nakamura, N. Aikawa, S. Sumiyoshi, H. Yamashita, H. Omori, "A novel type of utility-interactive inverter for photovoltaic system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2338- 2343 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel utility-interactive inverter for photovoltaic system is proposed. This inverter has no transformer to reduce the size but has a unique power processing system consisting of a dc-dc converter and a single-phase full-bridge inverter. The dc-dc converter is a two-quadrant type and performs boost/buck-mode operations to feed-forward/feed-back the instantaneous power to/from the utility. The feed-backing function is rarely utilized for such as controlling the power-factor in utility side to regulate the utility voltage. Although both the dc-dc converter and the inverter operate with high-frequency switching at all the time in the conventional scheme, only the dc-dc converter or the inverter operate with high-frequency switching in the proposed one. Thus, the switching losses are reduced significantly in the new system. Additionally, the dc-dc converter controls the input current so that the dc-inductor traps the ripple-power fed back from the utility. As a result, a large capacitor is not necessary to connect in the input of inverter in this new system. In the products, the efficiency marked very high value (i.e., 95.5 [%] and 95.1 [%] in the half load and the rated load condition of 4.5 kW, respectively) where the utility voltage is 240 [V/sub RMS/] and the solar-cells voltage is 200 [V]. On the other hand, total harmonic distortion of the utility current of the product marked very low value (i.e., 1.6 [%]) in the rated condition. The size of the power unit including the heat-sink is reduced to 2/3 of the conventional one.
61	M. Kazerani, Xuanyuan Wang, "Improving the performance of an isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter using a high-frequency-link resonant capacitor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2344- 2349 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In the common photovoltaic grid-connected inverter topology, composed of a full-bridge converter, a high-frequency isolation transformer, a diode rectifier, a shaping inductor, and an unfolding circuit, the equivalent series inductance introduced by the high-frequency transformer has adverse effects on the input and output waveform qualities. In this paper, a high-frequency-link resonant capacitor is proposed to ify the equivalent series inductive reactance at the switching frequency. As a result, the unwanted negative current pulses at the full-bridge converter input are eliminated and successful output current waveshaping in a wide range of loading conditions is guaranteed, irrespective of the value of the series equivalent inductance. The theoretical expectations are verified using simulation results.
62	T. Noguchi, H. Matsumoto, "Maximum-power-point tracking method of photovoltaic power system using single transducer," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2350- 2355 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a maximum-power-point tracking (MPPT) method of a photovoltaic power system with less transducer count. A unique feature of this method is capability to seek the maximum power point, using only a single transducer implemented in a switched dc-dc power converter, i.e., a current transducer or a voltage transducer. Output power of the converter can be estimated with an average value and ripple amplitude of the reactor current or the capacitor voltage detected in the converter. The output power obtained from only the current or the voltage information allows seeking the maximum power point on the basis of a common hill-climbing method. In this paper, not only a theoretical aspect of the proposed method is described, but also several experimental results are presented to prove feasibility of the method.
63	K. Ogura, S. Chandhaket, T. Ahmed, M. Nakaoka, "Non-isolated ZVS-PWM boost chopper-fed dc-dc converter with auxiliary edge resonant snubber," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2356- 2362 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a high-frequency boost type ZVS-PWM chopper-fed dc-dc power converter with a single active auxiliary edge-resonant snubber in the load side which can make use of the pre-regulator of the small scale power conditioners such as solar photovoltaic generation, fuel cell generation, new type rechargeable battery and super capacitor energy storages. Its principle operation in steady-state is described in addition to its design example. The experimental results of boost type ZVS-PWM chopper-fed DC-DC power converter proposed here are evaluated and verified with a practical design model in terms of its measured switching voltage and current waveforms, the switching v-i trajectory and the temperature performance of the IGBT module, the actual power conversion efficiency, and the EMI of radiated and conducted emissions. The performance of this ZVS-PWM chopper-fed dc-dc power converter are discussed and compared with those of the hard switching one from an experimental point of view. Finally, this paper presents a practical method to suppress unwanted parasitic oscillation due to the active auxiliary resonant switch at ZCS turn-off mode transition with the aid of an additional lossless clamping diode loop, and can reduce the EMI conducted emission in this paper.
64	D. Patnode, J. Dunne, A. Malinowski, D. Schertz, "WISENET - TinyOS based wireless network of sensors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2363- 2368 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: WISENET is a wireless sensor network that monitors the environmental conditions (such as light, temperature, and humidity) of labs and offices in ECE department at Bradley University. This network is comprised of nodes called "motes" that form an ad-hoc network to transmit this data to a computer that functions as a server. The server stores the data in a database where it can later be retrieved and analyzed via a Web-based interface. Firmware used in motes is based on TinyOS that was developed in the University of California, Berkeley.
65	A. Willig, "An architecture for wireless extension of PROFIBUS," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2369- 2375 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Industrial communication systems and fieldbus systems can benefit in many ways from wireless LAN technology. However, the large amount of already deployed fieldbus LANs motivates to focus on wireless extensions of existing fieldbus systems, allowing to run wireless and wired stations in the same fieldbus LAN. There exist different architectural options for the coupling of wireless stations to a wired fieldbus LAN. For the PROFIBUS, a well-known and standardized fieldbus system we present and motivate a specific coupling architecture, the virtual ring extension. In this architecture the lower layer protocols of the PROFIBUS (medium access control layer and link layer) are not used on the wireless side. Instead, a set of specifically tailored protocols is used, which allows to take the error behavior of wireless channels into account, which is significantly different from that of wired channels. The key elements of this architecture are presented and some operational aspects are discussed in more detail.
66	E. Trarbach, M. Brumatti, E. Casotto, J.L.F. Vieira, P.C.A. Almeida, "Shared radio system for reclosers control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2376- 2380 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Reclosers are typically used in the power electric plants to protect the system against temporary faults caused by natural effects (e.g., lightning, wind, trees) or permanent faults. Monitoring and controlling reclosers could be an expensive task depending on the type of reclosers that are employed. A simple way to perform these tasks is by using radio communication capabilities. This paper describes a system to control a net of reclosers over a shared radio based system. A main computer allows monitoring all system status by a GIS (geographical information system) based software that facilitates the user operation.
67	P.S. Neelakanta, H. Dighe, "Robust factory wireless communications: a performance appraisal of the Bluetooth/spl trade/ and the ZigBee/spl trade/ colocated on an industrial floor," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2381- 2386 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The Bluetooth/spl trade/ and the ZigBee/spl trade/ are state-of- the-art short-range wireless systems advocated for factory communications. But the associated radio-frequency (RF) links when placed in operation on an industrial floor face harsh electromagnetic ambient as well as are subjected to mutual interference from systems that are colocated in the same premises and operated at the same frequency band. For example, the prescribed RF spectrum for the Bluetooth/spl trade/ and the ZigBee/spl trade/ is the ISM-band centered at 2.4 GHz. Despite of distinct modulations used, there is a possibility of mutual interference when these systems are operated in the same factory locale. The present study addresses methods of evaluating the performance of such systems when deployed for factory communications. Simulation results are presented and mitigations against interference so as to realize robust RF links are indicated.
68	A. Sakaguchi, T. Yamamoto, "A study on system identification using GA and GMDH network," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2387- 2392 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In designing control systems, it is important to make exact mathematical model of the controlled object. In particular, it is difficult to obtain the mathematical model for nonlinear systems. Therefore, lots of design schemes of nonlinear models have been proposed. As one of them, the group method of data handling (GMDH) network has been proposed as a method to represent such systems. It is a kind of multilayered networks with a structure which is determined through training, and has a feature that the nonlinear dynamics are expressed as a mathematical model. However, since the mathematical model generated by the GMDH network includes several needless terms, it becomes considerably large. In this paper, a new nonlinear modeling scheme using a GMDH and two kinds of GA is proposed. According to the newly proposed scheme, necessary terms in the GMDH network are chosen by using the binary-coded GA, and system parameters are adjusted by using the real-coded GA. Finally, the newly proposed modeling scheme is numerically evaluated on a simulation example.
69	M. Iwase, T. Hara, S. Hatakeyama, "On an optimal choice of input for the identification of continuous-time transfer functions," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2393- 2398 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we present an optimal input design method for the identification of single input single output continuous-time transfer functions. As a criterion of optimality, singular values of a data matrix, which represents the input-output relation of the transfer function in the kernel form, are used. If an input maximizes the second smallest singular value, the distance between signal space arid noise space is maximum, and the input is regarded as optimal. In the proposed algorithm, we show that this optimal input design problem can be rewritten as that for discrete-time systems proposed by Antoulas et al. [A.C. Antoulas et al .1999], [A.C. Antoulas, 1997], [A.C. Antoulas et al., 1998], if the input is approximated by the finite Fourier series expansion. Through numerical examples, its effectiveness is verified.
70	Leehter Yao, Kuei-Song Wong, "Modeling of fuzzy systems by ellipsoidal partitions of input/output space," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2399- 2404 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a GA based ellipsoid learning algorithm is proposed for fuzzy modeling. Since the conventional Gustafson-Kessel algorithm (GKA) is an effective method for the clustering of data points but not suitable for estimating the distribution of data points belonging to the same cluster, GA is employed along with GKA to learn the optimal size as well as the parameters of ellipsoids. As the prototype input/output data points are clustered by ellipsoids, it is considered as the first stage coarse learning of fuzzy modeling. An efficient method is proposed transforming all the parameters of ellipsoids into initial conditions for the second stage gradient descent method to improve the convergence of gradient descent method.
71	Ding Haishan, Mao Jianqin, "Stable sufficient conditions of a class of fuzzy dynamic systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2405- 2409 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The stability of a class of fuzzy dynamic systems is analyzed. The stable sufficient conditions are proved for the continuous-time case and discrete-time case respectively. And the efficiency of the theorem is shown by the stability analysis of the inverted pendulum.
72	S. Parasuraman, V. Ganapathy, B. Shirinzadeh, "Fuzzy decision mechanism combined with neuro-fuzzy controller for behavior based robot navigation," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2410- 2416 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This work describes the method to encode fuzzy sets, fuzzy rules and a procedure to perform fuzzy inference into an expert system for behavior based robot navigation. In this paper, we briefly present the design, coordination and fusion of the elementary behaviors for robot navigation using a fuzzy logic expert system. In this work the design of the behavior is based on regulatory control using fuzzy logic and the coordination and integration is defined by fuzzy rules, which define the context of applicability for each behavior. The complexity of robot behavior is reduced by breaking down robot behaviors into simple behaviors or units, and then combined with others to produce more complex actions. In this paper the decision making process of a few behaviors are illustrated specifically for an Active Media Pioneer Robot. The fuzzy logic decision mechanism, used here simplifies the design of the robotic controller and reduces the number of rules to be determined. The decision making process uses fuzzy logic for coordination, which provides a smooth transition between behaviors with a consequent smooth output response. In addition, the new behavior can be added or modified easily. Some of the experimental results are also shown for the obstacle avoidance, wall following and seek-goal behaviors.
73	K. Akuzawa, K. Ohnishi, "Design indices for information connection in decentralized system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2417- 2422 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A decentralized system, consists of multiple subsystems is expected to adapt to the various environmental condition or the alteration of the internal system. In this paper, informational interaction among subsystems in the whole system is considered from a view point of system connection. Based on it, framework of the design method in decentralized system is discussed for variable structure of information connection. In order to express the system connection, a connection matrix is adopted. Using it, a reachability matrix, which shows a hierarchy and a closed- loop structure, is derived. Moreover, the maximum eigenvalue and its eigenvector of connection matrix are adopted as the design indices for the system connection, which has loop structures. In addition, the structural analysis method is described for recognizing and designing the informational loop structure.
74	S.H. Ling, H.K. Lam, F.H.F. Leung, Y.S. Lee, "A genetic algorithm based neural-tuned neural network," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2423- 2428 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a neural-tuned neural network, which is trained by genetic algorithm (GA). The neural-tuned neural network consists of a neural network and a modified neural network. In the modified neural network, a neuron model with two activation functions is introduced. Some parameters of these activation functions is tuned by neural network. The proposed network structure can increase the search space of the network and gives better performance than traditional feedforward neural networks. Some application examples are given to illustrate the merits of the proposed network.
75	N. Botros, A. Akaaboune, J. Alghazo, "Modeling and synthesis of human growth hormone secretion mechanism using CAD tools," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2429- 2434 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper we present a hardware realization of a simplified human growth hormone (HGH) secretion mechanism. The mechanism is developed into a flowchart and then modeled using hardware descriptive language (HDL). HDL behavioral modeling is implemented to simulate the behavior of the mechanism on the computer's screen. After verifying the simulation results, computer aided design (CAD) tools are used to synthesize the mechanism onto Xilinx FPGAs chip. The chip is tested by inputting signals with values corresponding to the concentration of GHRH and the concentration of SRIF. A user-selected output pins on the chip show the concentration of HGH and the concentration of IGF-I. The outputs are compared with those generated by the simulation. Both the simulation and the chip generate identical patterns. We conclude that the chip mimics the HGH mechanism. The chip after synthesize is a stand-alone system that does not need a computer for operation. The chip operates on a real time basis.
76	A.O. Di Tommaso, R. Miceli, "A new high accuracy software based resolver-to-digital converter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2435- 2440 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Tracking resolver-to-digital conversion (R/D converter or simply RDC) has emerged as one of the most robust method for obtaining high resolution position and angular speed information from resolvers. In this paper low cost software based RDC is presented. The main features are: high accuracy, simple set up, high reliability and stability and good performances. Some experimental results, showing the capabilities of the proposed system, are presented and discussed. An output signal comparison between the proposed RDC and a commercial encoder is also presented.
77	R.W. Wall, L.R. Wall, "Generating verifiable microprocessors state machine code with HDL design tools," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2441- 2446 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The ability to verify state machines using HDL synthesis tools for PLD and FPGA devices has outpaced microcontroller development environments. By using a standard program, an arbitrary state machine can be implemented using a microcontroller that has been specified and verified using HDL tools. The size of the state machine is scalable without increasing the amount of processor code. Since the state variable can reside in volatile memory space, the state machine size and requirements can be easily and quickly changed via a network using a standard file structures generated by industry standard tools. An example is provided to demonstrate the process.
78	S.A. Hossain, I. Husain, "Modeling, simulation and control of switched reluctance motor drives," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2447- 2452 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the modeling, simulation and control aspects of four-quadrant switched reluctance motor (SRM) drives. The design of SRM drive systems must be focused on application based appropriate control and engineering solutions needed to overcome the practical issues. A complex model, incorporating the important dynamics of the SRM, is described for the physical motor simulation. A simpler, but quite accurate, model is presented for the SRM controller. Various practical limitations have been incorporated in the simulation model to make it closer to the experimental set-up. The SRM control parameters are chosen based on torque-per-ampere maximization requirement. Experimental results for a 1.0 kW switched reluctance motor obtained on a digital platform are presented along with useful guidelines for prototype implementation.
79	D.S. Reay, "CMAC and B-spline neural networks applied to switched reluctance motor torque estimation and control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2453- 2458 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the application of cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) and B-spline neural networks to switched reluctance motor (SRM) torque estimation and control. Non-linear adaptive systems such as neural networks are well suited to learning the highly non-linear electromagnetic characteristics of the SRM for the purposes of linearisation and simplification of their control and a number of researchers have investigated their use in this context. CMAC and B-spline neural networks are particularly suited to this application area due to their potential for low-cost, high-speed implementation including the capability for real-time, on-line adaptation. CMAC and B-spline neural networks have successfully been applied both to torque ripple minimisation and to torque estimation in simulation and, implemented using FPGA technology, experimentally. This paper describes those applications with particular emphasis on the suitability of the CMAC and B-spline neural networks and gives details of their FPGA implementation.
80	S.K. Sahoo, S.K. Panda, J.X. Xu, "Iterative learning based torque controller for switched reluctance motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2459- 2464 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Torque ripples in switched reluctance motor (SRM) prevent it from being used in high performance applications. The highly non-linear nature of SRM magnetization characteristics, which is difficult to model, is the root cause of the problem. A non-linear controller based on accurate model of its magnetic characteristics is not of much help towards general promotion of SRM. We have proposed a torque controller for SRM using iterative learning, which does not require a model of the SRM. An indirect torque control scheme is adopted for its well known advantages. The cascaded torque controller consists of three subunits: 1) torque sharing function (TSF), 2) torque to current conversion, and 3) current controller. Iterative learning has been used in both torques to current conversion as well as current controller design. The proposed torque controller has been experimentally verified for an 8/6 pole SRM.
81	C. Pollock, H. Pollock, M. Brackley, "Electronically controlled flux switching motors : a comparison with an induction motor driving an axial fan," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2465- 2470 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a new class of brushless motor, which has been evaluated driving a 9" axial fan. The axial fan would normally be driven by a capacitor run induction motor. The new flux switching machine is constructed within the original stator laminations of the induction machine and is controlled by an extremely simple electronic controller. The paper describes the flux switching motor concept, its simple electronic controller and presents some test results of the motor driving the fan at its normal running speed. A comparison of the acoustic noise produced by the two motors shows that the new flux switching motor and drive is within 1 dBA of the induction machine in this acoustically sensitive application.
82	F.R. Salmasi, M. Ehsani, "A novel approach to auto-calibrating sensorless switched reluctance motor drive," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2471- 2476 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Optimal operation of switched reluctance motor drives is inherently dependent to proper excitation of motor phases with respect to their inductance profile. Based on this fact, utilization of position transducers in the drive is unavoidable. These transducers increase the cost and complexity of the drive. In this paper, a new method for elimination of position sensors in SRM drives is suggested. The proposed method is a marriage of chopping waveform analysis and inductance modeling based on Fourier series. A novel method for online estimation of back emf based on chopping current waveform is introduced. Besides, incremental inductance profile is modeled and automatically calibrated for robust operation. By evaluation of estimated back emf and phase inductance model, position information will be obtained. This approach does not suffer from unpredicted variation of magnetic characteristics since it benefits model auto tuning. The proposed method has implemented successfully on experimental SRM drive based on TMS320F2470 digital signal processor.
83	R.W. Wall, "Simple methods for detecting zero crossing," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2477- 2481 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Affects of noise, harmonics, and multi-frequency signal make frequency and period measurements difficult for synchronizing control events. Various methods are presented to minimize errors in period and phase measurements. Both frequency and amplitude domain approaches are analyzed. Post detection processing allows greater accuracy. Static and dynamic hystereses as well as interpolation methods of zero-crossing detection are investigated.
84	R.W. Wall, A. Ekpruke, "Developing an IEEE 1451.2 compliant sensor for real-time distributed measurement and control in an autonomous log skidder," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2482- 2487 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The IEEE 1451 family of standards was created to resolve the issues and problems associated with the proliferation and the heterogeneity of sensor networks. This paper will discuss the approach taken in the implementation of an IEEE 1451.2 microcontroller-based STIM in developing a suite of smart sensors for use in an autonomous vehicle. The autonomous vehicle sensor network environment was initially developed outside of the IEEE 1451 standard hence it would provide a very good benchmark system for a comparative analysis of the use of a standardized approach to sensor network development and conventional non-standardized approach. This paper also lends its voice to the importance and usefulness of the IEEE 1451 standards, which even though has been well applauded, has not enjoyed a very wide use.
85	J. Gago, J. Balcells, D. Gonzalez, L. Ferrer, M. Lamich, "Instruments offset due to RF EMI," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2488- 2493 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: One of the main error sources in instruments and sensors are electromagnetic interferences, EMI, acting on linear ICs at the detection and pre-conditioning stages. High frequency interferences with random amplitude cause a DC offset and a ripple due to noise amplitude modulation. This paper is devoted to study the effects of EMI on OPAMP offset. After several tests, a qualitative model for offset prediction is derived. A set of tests allows obtaining the model parameters, which depend on OPAMP type and circuit impedances. Such parameters allow the comparison of susceptibility between different OPAMP types. The model also allows the quantification of improvements when certain set up changes are introduced.
86	Yonghuai Liu, "Robust geometric registration of overlapping range images," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2494- 2499 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to evaluate the possible point matches established by the traditional ICP algorithm in the process of registering two overlapping range images represented as two sets of unorganised points. While the existing methods mainly use feature matching to establish or evaluate possible correspondences between the images to be registered, our novel approach applies motion consistency constraints to evaluate the possible correspondences. In order to accelerate the search for the closest points from the transformed first image points to the second image points, the optimised K-D tree data structure is employed. A comparative study based on real images has shown that the proposed algorithm is accurate, robust and efficient for the automatic registration of overlapping range images.
87	R.C. Luo, K.L. Su, C.W. Deng, "Multisensor based power diagnosis system for an intelligent robot," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2500- 2505 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a power supply diagnosis system using redundant managed sensors method detection for intelligent security robot. The power system of the security robot we have developed in our lab. Consists of three parts, namely, computer power, drive motor power and circuit system power. We intend to detect the current value and diagnose the fault sensors of the power system. In this paper, we focus on the PC power supply, and we use eight current sensors to detect the current variety of the PC power and diagnose which sensor to be fault. First, we use computer simulation and implement it in the industry standard PC using A/D converter card. Next, we use the diagnosis algorithm in order to design the agent-based power supply system using microprocessor. Finally, we implement the proposed method in the PC power system of the intelligent security robot.
88	C.R. Laughman, S.R. Shaw, S.B. Leeb, "Estimating automobile chassis voltage distortion using load currents," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2506- 2510 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper provides a model of the automobile chassis impedance for the purposes of predicting voltage distortion. A discrete-time model of the chassis and a method for identifying its parameters is introduced. The usefulness of the techniques developed in this paper are demonstrated using experimental data.
89	Y. Nakamura, T. Nishimura, H. Itoh, H. Nakashima, "ID-CoBIT: a battery-less information terminal with data upload capability," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2511- 2516 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an ID-CoBIT terminal that can drive an infrared ID tag with no plug-in power source. It also describes an ID sensor system for the terminal. We have been developing the CoBIT (compact battery-less information terminal) system. It can provide information support to users based on their locations and orientations. CoBIT is an ultracompact, low cost information terminal that can operate without batteries because it utilizes the energy from the information carrier and the user. However, CoBIT provides personal information support with difficulty because it lacks the capability to transmit a terminal ID from a distance of several meters. This paper proposes a battery-less infrared ID tag driving method that extends CoBIT naturally. Experiment results of a prototype system demonstrate the feasibility of ID-CeBIT.
90	Wenbin Yu, Guoqing Zhang, Zhizhong Guo, "A hybrid optical current sensor for power system metering and protection," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2517- 2521 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a novel design of hybrid optical current sensor (HOCS). A bulk-optic glass sensing head is simplified, which combines with a conventional sampling current transformer (CT) to form the HOCS. In this design, a technique of coefficient adjustment is adopted. Using the stationary outputs of sampling CT to adjust the outputs of bulk-optic sensing head, the transient and stationary performance and long-term stability of the HOCS have been improved effectively. The output interface of HOCS is suggested and introduced for new and existing substations. The test results are given, especially the optical sensing parts. A prototype of HOCS has been designed and constructed. Initial tests show that it meets requirements for power system metering and protection.
91	T. Mizuya, I. Miyazawa, "Representation and implementation of function blocks by the event delegation model," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2522- 2525 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Function blocks (FBs) defined in IEC-PAS 61499-1 will provide us a method to construct industrial process measurement and control systems (IPMCSs) based on object oriented design (OOD). The system model specified in IEC-PAS 61499-1 consists of some devices and each device has some resources. This is represented by regarding virtual machines as resources. In the application model, FBs call each other through the event flow and data held in FBs are exchanged by data flow. Design patterns such as "observer pattern" can be applied to representing the event flows of FBs. We can regard the data flow as a particular kind of event flow, and this design pattern is also applied to the data flow. Since we can use easily the event delegation model based on the "observer pattern" in JavaBeans/spl trade/, which is suitable for describing FBs. We propose a representation of FBs using the event delegation model of JavaBeans/spl trade/. The interfaces of FBs are specified in a common way, the interface declaration of FBs can be separated from its implementation and is represented by the abstract classes or interfaces in OOD. We also propose an implementation of FBs using Java/spl trade/ in this paper. We have developed a software tool prototype for engineering and running of FB system.
92	Xiaohua Zhang, Hongjun Chen, "Independent wheel drive and fuzzy control of mobile pipeline robot with vision," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2526- 2530 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Considering a mobile pipeline robot with vision, this paper discusses the independent control of driving wheels of robot in the bent pipeline, and presents an electrical differential clutch concept in the control system in order to avoid machine locking. The paper studies the fuzzy control system design because of the complex pipeline environment and difficulties of modelling, and researches the calculation of the speed references of individual driving wheels according to the prediction of robot moving parameters, which are achieved by the vision processing and cognition on line. The research results show that the solution has a good adaptation under different initial moving speed and complex environment.
93	Xianglong Jiang, Jin Zhao, Hui Luo, Shanmei Cheng, Shuyun Wan, "Neural network speed controller of induction motor drive based on direct MRAC method," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2531- 2536 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel neural network speed controller (NNSC) of induction motor drive is presented, which is on-line trained by a dynamic BP algorithm based on direct model reference adaptive control (MRAC) method. In particular, a new error function is used for the dynamic BP algorithm, which can adjust the parameters of NNSC and minimize the error between motor speed and the speed provided by reference model. A 2-rank linear model is used as reference model, which can be automatically designed according to performance indices given beforehand. The induction motor drive with a NNSC based on dynamic BP algorithm and direct MRAC method is proved to be asymptotic stable. The simulation and experimental results reveal that the proposed NNSC based on direct MRAC method can ensure motor speed tracking the reference speed closely, and having robustness against load disturbances.
94	Hyeon Bae, Sungshin Kim, Yeajin Kim, Man Hyung Lee, Kwang Bang Woo, "e-prognosis and diagnosis for process management using data mining and artificial intelligence," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2537- 2542 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In the past several decades, the huge amount of data was collected and processed by manufacturers to improve the quality and the productivity of products. Data collection mechanism as one of the process management system is an essential part in the manufacturing processes. Many researchers now devote substantial portions of their day to worrying about data handling that includes extracting information. But, the accumulated records in the real manufacturing processes are not effectively utilized to change operational conditions or remain unused condition. Therefore, the primary goal of this paper is to survey the existing KM techniques and apply the methods to two examples for e-prognosis and e-diagnosis purposes.
95	E.S. Abdin, G.A. Ghoneem, H.M.M. Diab, S.A. Deraz, "Efficiency optimization of a vector controlled induction motor drive using an artificial neural network," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2543- 2548 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an approach for efficiency optimization of a vector controlled induction motor drive. The optimum flux-producing current is obtained using an artificial neural network. The artificial neural network model is established using Matlab/Simulink and based on the load torque and speed data of an indirect vector-controlled induction motor drive. The change of iron core loss resistance due to flux and frequency variation is taken into consideration. Simulation results of the proposed approach show a significant improvement in energy saving and efficiency optimization.
96	T.T. dos Santos, M.C. Magnus, C.C. Scharlau, J.F. Haffner, L.F.A. Pereira, "A decentralized control of inverted pendulum and supervision based on Internet tools," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2549- 2554 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an alternative proposal for the teaching of automation and control subjects. The main idea is the use of an inverted pendulum process, in which the concepts relating to mathematical description, controller synthesis, remote supervision and data interchange are presented in an integrated way.
97	Zhao Kaiqi, Xu Dianguo, Wang Yi, "New strategy to improve electromagnetic torque at starting in thyristor controlled induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2555- 2560 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: One of the demerits of conventional soft starters is that a small reduction in voltage produces a considerable drop in electromagnetic torque, which may cause the motor with loads failure to start. This paper presents a new control strategy to improve torque at starting. Without changing the main circuit of the conventional soft starters, the strategy defines the triggering instants of thyristors to include or exclude half cycles of the ac power supply. Therefore, the discrete frequency voltage and current applied to the motor are obtained. The new discrete frequencies are the fundamental frequencies of the generated voltage and current. Due to the relationship that the electromagnetic torque of the induction motors is inversely proportional to the ac power supply frequency, reducing the supply frequency can improve the starting torque. For all the discrete frequencies, in order to obtain maximum positive torque, the system is properly unbalanced, choosing the initial phase angle combination of the most positive sequence of three phases. The strategy, similar to that in variable-voltage variable-frequency inverters, makes the motor produce low current impact and high torque. Therefore, applying this strategy allows the motor to start with full loads. The proposed strategy has been verified experimentally on a laboratory machine using a 32-bit DSP-based soft starter-fed induction motor drive system, and proved to have good starting torque and current performance.
98	Fei Liu, Yunping Zou, Kai Ding, "A novel real-time adaptive algorithm for harmonic detecting," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2561- 2565 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel adaptive harmonic detecting algorithm. For step change of load current, it can reduce the filter transient period to less than one fundamental cycle without affecting steady-state accuracy, and additional calculation is very little. The algorithm based on the analysis of transient behavior of adaptive weighting factors. It is proven that the expectation of weighting values converge exponentially with fixed time constant during transient period. The time constant is independent of system frequency and load current. So the steady-state weighting values can be estimated from the initiative variety of exponential curve. Simulation results verified theoretical analysis.
99	Kai Ding, Yun-ping Zou, Zhan Wang, Zhi-chao Wu, Yun Zhang, "A new diode-clamp cascade multilevel converter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2566- 2569 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Cascade and diode-clamp voltage source converter have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their practicability. This paper will present a new diode-clamp cascade multilevel converter that is derived from these two topologies. The new concept of the novel diode-clamp cascade converter is based on the connection of multiple three-level diode-clamp converter modules. The multilevel waveform is synthesized by adding of each converter output voltage. Subharmonic PWM method is employed in the new topology. The proposed converter is also verified by computer simulation using Saber. Simulation results are also presented in this paper. Conclusion is made in the final part.
100	H.J. Ryoo, S.J. Kim, G.H. Rim, Y.J. Kim, M.S. Kim, "Novel anti-slip/slide control algorithm for Korean high-speed train," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2570- 2574 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the anti-slip control system for Korean high speed train with induction motor drive. To use a maximum adhesive effort and to improve tractive performance, adhesion characteristics of a high speed train are analyzed and an anti-slip control system is designed. A novel anti-slip control scheme is proposed for propulsion system with induction motor. In order to verify the control system a down-scaled anti-slip control simulator is set up and running tests with this simulator and real system field test are performed.
101	Wang Jianze, Peng Fenghua, Wu Qitao, Ji Yanchao, Yaping Du, "A simplified digital control method for active power filters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2575- 2579 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel simplified digital control method for active power filters. By forcing the mains current to be linear with the mains voltage, the functions of harmonics elimination, reactive power compensation and unbalance correction are realized. In the proposed control method, only the mains currents and the dc bus voltage of the inverter are required to be detected. And with simple calculation, the duty ratios of switches in each switching cycle are got. So the fully digital control is easy to realize, the complex calculation in the conventional instantaneous reactive power theory is avoided and the difficulty in realizing digital control caused by the hysteresis is overcome. The viability and effectiveness of the proposed control method is demonstrated by simulation and experimental results.
102	Kyu-Min Cho, Won-Seok Oh, Jae-Eul Yeon, Hee-Jun Kim, "A new switching scheme for resonant inverters using a resonant-frequency tracking algorithm," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2580- 2585 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a new switching scheme for resonant inverters. The proposed method bases on the tracking algorithm of the resonant frequency. Therefore, the proposed method can keep unity output displacement factor at the load-impedance varying conditions. In order to control the output power, the proposed scheme uses pulse width modulation (PWM) method. Thus, since the proposed PWM scheme needs load-circulating operations, it can be adopted in the full-bridge inverter, but not in the conventional half-bridge inverters. In response to that, this paper also proposes a new half-bridge resonant inverter having load-circulating operation modes. In this paper, detailed switching schemes and control circuits of the proposed PWM method are described. Experimental results of the prototype experimental setup to verify the validity of the proposed method are presented and discussed.
103	J. Matas, L.G. de Vicuna, J.M. Guerrero, J. Miret, M. Castilla, "Non-linear control of a paralleled half-bridge complementary-control converter system with a single-wire current sharing," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2586- 2590 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes the design of a non-linear control of paralleled half-bridge with complementary-control (HBCC) converters. A large-signal model of the paralleled system is presented in order to deduce the non-linear control structure that is applied to the converters. Current sharing among converters is achieved by using a single-wire current-share scheme. The control behavior of the system has been tested with proper simulations for the paralleled system.
104	P. Costa, A. Martins, A. Carvalho, "Rotor position determination model for real-time control of the doubly-fed induction machine," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2591- 2595 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The development of power electronics, electrical drives and wind turbines has allowed at increasing power of wind systems. So, limitation of mechanical stress and power disturbances has pointed out to strong demand to variable speed systems. The double fed induction machine has come to be applied as a right solution for well-defined applications within wind energy systems. In this context it was developed a model for wound rotor induction machine double fed through a static power converter, decoupling flow of active and reactive power. One four-quadrant ac-to-ac IGBT based converter is used to feed power bi-directionally to the rotor circuit. The simulation made in Saber software package and measurements allow at validating this model.
105	F.T. Wakabayashi, C.A. Canesin, "An improved design procedure for LCC resonant filter of dimmable electronic ballasts for fluorescent lamps, based on lamp model," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2596- 2601 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an improved design methodology for determining the parameters used in the classical series-parallel loaded resonant (SPLR) filter employed in the switching frequency controlled dimmable electronic ballasts. According to the analysis developed in this paper, it is possible to evaluate some characteristics of the resonant filter during the dimming process, such as: range of switching frequency, phase shift and rms value of the current drained by the resonant filter + fluorescent lamp set.
106	K. Sheng, "MOS-controlled diode (MCD) on silicon-on-insulator (SOI)," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2602- 2606 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The performance of the diode is an importance factor in achieving good efficiency for a power integrated circuit. In this paper, a MOS-controlled diode (MCD) for power integrated circuits is presented. The proposed structure utilizes active control to switch the diode between unipolar and bipolar operating modes so that the device can operate at its optimum condition for both static and dynamic performances. The proposed MCD on SOI demonstrated significant advantage over a P-i-N diode or the body diode of an LDMOS. It is found that, with optimum control, it can reduce the diode reverse recovery loss by 10 times and the corresponding switch turn-on loss by a factor of 3, without sacrificing its on-state conduction voltage. The traditional trade-off between on-state voltage and reverse recovery speed can therefore be avoided and significant improvements in overall system efficiency can be achieved. Advantages of an integrated MCD over its discrete version are also discussed.
107	Tsorng-Juu Liang, Chun-An Cheng, Wen-Shang Lai, "A novel two-stage high-power-factor low-frequency HID electronic ballast," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2607- 2612 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel two-stage, high-power-factor electronic ballast used to drive high-intensity discharge lamps is proposed in the paper. The ballast consists of a flyback-type input current shaper to achieve power factor correction and a half-bridge-type inverter to supply the lamp with low-frequency square-wave current. Owing to its low-frequency operation, no acoustic resonance occurs. The features of the ballast are cost-effective, low total-harmonic-distortion (THD), high power factor (PF>0.99). Operational principles, design equations and simulated results of one 70-W HID lamp operating at 400 Hz switching frequency with 110 V-rms line input voltage are presented.
108	S. Kanchubotla, B. Diong, "Steady-state characteristics of two novel 4-element current-source resonant inverters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2613- 2617 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: High-frequency resonant power converters are an attractive choice for high efficiency, high power density applications. Until recently, only resonant converters with 2 energy-storage elements have been studied and used for applications. However, some drawbacks of this class of converters can be overcome by the judicious augmentation of the resonant circuit. This paper presents the results of a study performed on two novel 4-element current-source resonant inverter circuits. These include analytical results on their steady-state characteristics (including input impedance, resonant frequency, input-output transfer function, component stresses, and efficiency). In addition, examples of design charts and experimental results are shown. They indicate that these resonant inverters have certain advantages over present ones.
109	Won-Seok Oh, Chang-Sun Kim, Kyu-Min Cho, Hee-Jun Kim, "Distributed power system for driving SD 42" PDP television," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2618- 2622 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The 440 W distributed power system(DPS) is developed for driving PDP(SD42") TV. The half bridge ZVS PWM converter is used in sustain, set and reset for reducing the losses. All of 15 output powers are designed. Each electrode is supplied by these powers. In this system, mainly outputs are Va for address, Vs for sustain, Vset for set up, Ve for reset and Vscan for scan voltage. The experimental results including steady state response and transient response are obtained for these outputs. The measured maximum efficiency through the DPS developed is about 91% in case of 220 V input and full load. And the efficiency of the sustain voltage(Vs) is up to 95.27%.
110	Soo-Bin Han, Suk-In Park, Hak-Geun Jeoung, Bong-Man Jeoung, Se-Wan Choi, "Fuel cell-battery system modelling and system interface construction," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2623- 2627 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes an interface method to utilize the hybrid system with fuel cell and battery. The hybrid system has unique advantage to manage energy state between high energy system (fuel cell) and high power system (battery) according to various type of load. For proper design, the hybrid system is modelled and simulated by using Simplerer. Interface method is realized by constructing a DC-DC converter, and experiment under various load is performed for verifying the system.
111	H.J. Ryoo, J.S. Kim, G.H. Rim, D.S. Kim, "A study on the series compensated AC voltage regulator using AC chopper with auxiliary transformer," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2628- 2633 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes an AC voltage regulator using AC chopper and auxiliary transformer which is series connected to main input. Detail design of the AC regulator, logic and PWM pattern of the AC chopper is described and three-phase AC regulator using two single-phase AC choppers with V connected three-phase transformer configuration is proposed for three-phase application. The proposed three-phase system has advantages of system cost due to reduced switch number and gate driver circuits, size and weight because it uses a series compensated scheme. The proposed AC regulator has many advantages such as fast voltage control, high efficiency and simple control logic. Experimental results show that it can be used as step-down AC voltage regulator for power saving purpose very efficiently.
112	Taotao Jin, Xiaofan Chen, K.M. Smedley, "A new one-cycle controlled FACTS element with the function of STATCOM and active power filter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2634- 2638 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Active power filters and STATCOMs are indispensable elements in distributed generation (DG) power system. In recent years, research and applications of active power filter (APF) and STATCOM using voltage-source converters have attracted great attention due to the increased energy awareness in the world. Many topologies and control approaches have been reported. Previously proposed control methods realize only one function, either APF or STATCOM, furthermore they require fast and real-time calculation; therefore, a high-speed digital microprocessor and high performance A/D converters are necessary, yielding high complexity, high cost, and low reliability. The theory and experiments reported in [K. Ma Smedley, 1991] have demonstrated that one-cycle control is a unified PWM control method in the power electronics field. Functioning as an analog computer, it can control all basic power converters at low cost, simple circuitry and high reliability. In this paper a new control approach based on one-cycle control is proposed that realizes both APF and STATCOM's functions by controlling a three-phase voltage source converter. As a result, the cost for DC can be greatly reduced. Theory, simulation, and experiment have proved that the new control approach is a high performance and low cost solution for DG applications.
113	Hong Mao, J.A. Abu-Qahouq, Weihong Qiu, Yangyang Wen, I. Batarseh, "Lossless snubber circuits for current doubler rectifiers to reduce reverse-recovery losses," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2639- 2644 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Current doubler rectifier (CDR) is one of the best candidates for high output current DC-DC converters. In this paper, several conventional CDR snubber circuits are evaluated, and two passive lossless snubber circuits for the CDR are proposed to reduce the reverse-recovery-related losses and clamp the voltage spikes across the rectifiers. The snubber circuits are tested and verified experimentally, and higher efficiency is achieved when compared to the conventional resistive snubbers.
114	Zhou Jinghua, Zhan Xiong, Su Yanming, "The development of multi-module-cascade high-power inverter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2645- 2649 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Based on the conventional sinusoidal pulse width modulation technique (SPWM) and the multi-module-cascade circuit topology configuration, this paper proposes an optimized pulse width modulation (PWM) technology, which combines the dual sinusoidal pulse width modulation (DSPWM) technique applied to each inverter module and the phase-shifting sinusoidal pulse width modulation (PS-SPWM) technique. This modulation obtains high equivalent carrier frequency through canceling the lower harmonics, hence the device loss is decreased significantly; at the same time, owing to the special topology, the range of the output voltage is extended, and the high power capacity of the inverter system is realized. At last, a 30 kW high-power inverter is developed.
115	Chan-Ki Kim, Jong-Kwang Park, Gil-Jo Jeong, Jeong-Shik Ahn, "Response characteristics of HVDC system according to frequency sensing methods," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2650- 2654 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with the frequency sensing methods at HVDC system. The objects of frequency information in HVDC system are to fire a valve and to control a frequency of AC network. Conventionally, there are two methods to measure a frequency of AC network. The first method is to draw out from the synchronous machine and the second method is from AC network. Two methods have advantages and disadvantage each other. For the extreme case of a receiving system of zero inertia (no generation), synchronous machine is essential. In this situation, the frequency information received from the synchronous machine shaft. However, the speed of synchronous machine is oscillated when a disturbance in AC network occurs, and HVDC may be oscillated due to an oscillation speed. To solve this drawback, in this paper, new frequency sensing method is proposed. A proposed method that is used a modified curve-fitting algorithm, has a robust characteristics against a harmonics and unbalanced faults. Consequently, A proposed method is verified by PSCAD/EMTDC program and experimental test.
116	Chan-Ki Kim, Byeong-Mo Yang, Yoon-Ho Kim, Hong-Woo Rhew, "HVDC performance analysis according to ER-filter and single tuned filter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2655- 2659 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with the novel HVDC filter topology. The proposed method is the combination the active filter with ER-filter (energy recovery-filter). The active filter of the proposed method is a kind of hybrid filter, consists of the passive filter and the voltage source. Also, the single tuned active filter to eliminate 11/sup th//13/sup th/ harmonics is proposed. This proposed active filter is very useful to reduce the cost of the active filter. ER-filter is to return the filter power to AC network, used to replace with the damped filter. Consequently, PSCAD/EMTDC is used to investigate the validation of the proposed topology.
117	S. Halasz, V.A. Zakharov, "Novel voltage spectra investigation of space vector modulation technique," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2660- 2666 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In the inverter-fed ac drives the space vector modulation technique is the most popular and wide spread one since it produces a high quality inverter-fed ac drive especially for low and middle amplitudes of motor voltages. For realization of the space vector PWM usually two different PWM methods can be applied. This paper deals with the analysis and comparison of voltage spectra of these methods and the derivation of the analytical equations of motor voltage harmonics for these PWM methods. It is shown that for the infinite value of the sampling frequency all realization methods produce the same voltage spectrum which is characterized by the relatively simple equation. This expression also ensures an accurate computation of voltage, current and torque harmonics for the relatively low value of the sampling frequency.
118	A. Pandey, B. Singh, D.P. Kothari, K. Al-Haddad, "An Adaline based fast voltage controller for single-phase PFC converters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2666- 2671 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A single input Adaline trained with batch /spl mu/-LMS algorithm is proposed, designed and simulated for fast estimation of ripple-averaged component of scaled DC bus voltage in voltage feedback path of power-factor correction (PFC) converters. This allows design of large bandwidth voltage regulator for fast voltage regulation. Fast voltage regulators eliminate large overshoots and undershoot in DC bus voltage during transients, which are prevalent in conventionally designed PFC converters. This work demonstrates the usefulness of an extremely simple LMS algorithm based estimator for alleviating the problem of slow voltage regulation due to low-pass filtering in the feedback path or for avoiding complexities of model based ripple estimators for ripple cancellation to achieve fast voltage regulation.
119	H. Awad, J. Svensson, M. Bollen, "Mitigation of unbalanced voltage dips using static series compensator," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2672- 2677 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The static series compensator (SSC) is suited to protect sensitive loads against voltage dips. Because most of the power system faults are single- or double-phase, the control algorithms of the SSC should be adapted for unbalanced dips. This paper proposes two control strategies to improve the dynamic performance of the SSC. The first strategy uses a fast technique for separating positive and negative sequence components of the supply voltage, which are then controlled separately. Thus, two controllers are implemented for the two sequences, each based on vector control. The second strategy is based on using only a positive sequence controller and increasing the switching frequency. Consequently, the negative sequence due to the unbalanced dip is transformed into variations in the positive sequence. As the switching frequency increases, the ability of the controller to follow those variations improves. The validity of the proposed strategies is demonstrated through PSCAD/EMTDC simulation, when the grid is subjected to unbalanced three-phase voltage dips.
120	R. Moreau, J.C. Le Claire, "Adaptative fast AC voltage regulation using a resonant current controller," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2678- 2683 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Some recent papers describe a new resonant current controller (RCC) which is well suited for voltage supply inverters (VSI) current control. It is an alternative to the hysteresis current controller (HCC). Its specifications are fast response, very low sensitivity to the load's electrical parameters, extremely low DHT and a maximum inverter switching frequency firmly controlled. This novel modulator combines two structures: the first acts at lower frequencies for current regulation and the second acts at higher frequencies for switching frequency control by means of a voluntary resonant mode. In this paper, we study an AC voltage regulation involving the RCC which controls the VSI added LC low-pass filter input current. But the investigated voltage control modifies the voltage gain. Indeed, when involving a high proportional gain value, we decrease the system static error, but this can make the closed loop unstable. Thus, to avoid this phenomenon the voltage gain is automatically checked. Thereafter, experimental results agree and demonstrate the excellent behavior of this voltage regulator.
121	Hu Hu, Yongdong Li, "Predictive direct torque control strategies of induction motor based on area voltage vectors table," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2684- 2689 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, the torque ripples in low speed range of conventional direct torque control are discussed in detail, and a new vector selection table based on area voltage is proposed to control the torque and flux. In this case, two predictive control schemes of torque and flux are presented to reduce torque ripples and improve the steady and dynamic performance. Finally, simulations and experiment results are given to show the validity and the advantages of the proposed predictive schemes based on area voltage vector table.
122	K.N. Srinivas, R. Arumugam, "Analysis and characterization of switched reluctance motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2690- 2698 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents new approaches for static, dynamic, thermal and vibration analyses of switched reluctance motors (SRM). At first, it proposes a modified stator geometry to improve the torque profile. Dynamic performance study using general purpose softwares such as Maxwell SPICE and PSCAD is reported. Thermal characterization in SRM, with the knowledge of the path of air velocity vector inside air regions by performing computational fluid dynamics, is systematically documented. A three-dimensional vibration analysis viz., rotor dynamics, harmonic analysis and static vibration analysis, under different loading conditions in 3D FEA is reported.
123	A. Riaz, H.A. Chan, "Wireless VoIP phone architecture and hardware requirements," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2699- 2704 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A handheld set implementation using a wireless VoIP protocol is an inexpensive and effective solution to cellular phones. Although network to network interface has already been implemented using VoIP, the bottle-neck for wireless network is usually at the wireless access interface. Extending the use of IP packet to the edge benefits companies with cost management and effectively raise its customer base. A VoIP implemented in a handheld phone will deliver a more robust solution of VoIP from user to end user interface. Implementation of a handheld wireless VoIP handheld set needs new hardware. Functionality in wireless chipsets has been divided between MAC/DSP/RF layers. The medium access controller (MAC) layer serves as the media information interface and controller. The wireless VoIP custom chip in this design integrates those functionalities to implement the handheld wireless VoIP handset. The Physical layer includes the base-band signal processing functions and the RF front-end circuitry, provides the necessary filtering and variable gain, and signal converter functions. With the MAC and base-band DSP functions at the back-end of the physical layer having been fully digitized, these functions may be integrated onto a single digital chip. Vendors then provide the front-end physical layer functions, RF and analogue circuits on RF chips, usually incorporating minimal digital functionality while the back end of the functions can be implemented more efficiently using the DSP technology.
124	H. Iyomori, S. Nagai, M. Yoshida, E. Hiraki, M. Nakaoka, "Three-phase power module bridge type auxiliary resonant AC link snubber-assisted three-phase soft switching inverter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2705- 2710 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel prototype of the three-phase power module bridge package type auxiliary resonant AC link snubber circuit for the three-phase voltage source type sinewave soft switching PWM inverter using IGBT power module which operates under instantaneous space voltage vector modulation scheme. The operating principle of a novel prototype resonant AC link snubber circuit in addition to its unique features are described for current source load model during one switching period which is equivalent to the three-phase voltage source type inverter with LPF, along with its design approach based on the simulation data. The steady-state performance evaluations of space vector modulated three-phase voltage source type sinewave soft switching inverter incorporating a new prototype circuit of three-phase active auxiliary resonant AC link snubber is illustrated and discussed as compared with those of three-phase voltage source type sinewave hard switching PWM inverter with a space voltage vector modulation strategy. The power loss analysis of the three-phase soft switching PWM inverter using IGBT power modules is actually evaluated and discussed on the basis of the conduction power losses based upon the measured v-i characteristics in addition to all the switching power losses of each IGBT with antiparallel diode.
125	F. Khatounian, E. Monmasson, F. Berthereau, E. Delaleau, J.P. Louis, "Control of a doubly fed induction generator for aircraft application," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2711- 2716 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a variable speed constant frequency system (VSCF) for aircraft applications. The system consists in a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) connected to a stand-alone aircraft grid through its stator windings. It uses back-to-back PWM converters connected to the rotor for sub and super synchronous speed operation. A permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) connected to a variable speed prime mover supplies these converters. The control strategy of the DFIG is carried out through a rotor-flux inner control loop and a stator-voltage outer loop. The vector control of the PMSM and the DC link voltage regulation are also presented in this paper. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.
126	J.M. Pacas, M. Schulz, J. Jensen, J. Wieland, "Assessment of wind- and waterdriven micropowerplants," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2717- 2722 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The development of electric components for micro power plants to be used in rural applications demands the test of the system under real conditions. For the assessment of different concepts on the electrical side a test bench was developed, able to emulate the prime mover windmill or water wheel. The paper presents the experimental setup and measurements on different equipments that demonstrate its capabilities and features.
127	Tao Sun, Zhe Chen, F. Blaabjerg, "Voltage recovery of grid-connected wind turbines after a short-circuit fault," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2723- 2728 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A simulation model of a MW-level wind turbine with dynamic slip control and pitch control is developed in the simulation tool of PSCAD/EMTDC and stability investigations are carried out with respect to a short circuit fault in the external power system. After the fault has been cleared, the voltage at the wind turbine terminal has to be re-established, and the wind turbine should restore its normal operating condition. Controlling the generator slip and pitch angle can adjust the electromagnetic torque and the aerodynamic torque of wind turbine, which helps to rebuild the voltage at the wind turbine terminal. Simulation results prove that dynamic slip control and pitch control are effective methods to improve the voltage and maintain power system stability.
128	Z. Chen, Y. Hu, "A hybrid generation system using variable speed wind turbines and diesel units," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2729- 2734 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper presents a study of a power system consisting of wind turbines and diesel generation units. In the study, a direct drive modular permanent magnet generator is used for the wind turbine and a normal permanent magnet generator is used for the diesel generation unit. Both types of generation units are connected to the load via power electronic converters and are operated in variable speed mode. The variable speed operation of wind power conversion system maximizes the wind energy capture, while the variable speed diesel unit balances the system load demand with a reduced fuel consumption. The system configuration and principles are presented. The simulation models are developed for the system performance study. The operation schemes and the system characteristics are discussed.
129	Hyoung-Chang Kim, Tae-Jin Kim, Dae-Wook Kang, Dong-Seok Hyun, "A simple method for conducting angle calculation in cascaded inverters using step pulse waves," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2735- 2740 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In recent years, the multilevel inverter synthesizing the output voltage with step pulse has been widely used as a solution for high power and high voltage applications. To get conducting angles of switches, the conventional method needs simultaneous equations corresponding to the fundamental and harmonic components by the use of Fourier series. Since they are calculated by an iterative method, the process is accompanied with a large amount of calculation and much time. Moreover, they are calculated by means of off-line operation. To overcome these drawbacks, this paper proposes a simple method to obtain the conducting angles. They are calculated by using voltage-second areas of the divided reference voltage according to the output voltage levels. The method reduces an amount of calculation for the conducting angles and determines them through on-line operation.
130	B. Singh, S.S. Murthy, S. Gupta, "An improved electronic load controller for self-excited induction generator in micro-Hydel applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2741- 2746 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the mathematical modelling of self-excited induction generators (SEIGs) with are improved electronic load controller (IELC) for microhydel applications supplying variety of loads. In small hydro plants, governor unit of turbine can be eliminated using IELC, which is simple and cost effective. The improved electronic load controller is a combination of a three-phase insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) based current controlled voltage source inverter (CC-VSI) and a high frequency DC chopper which keeps the generated voltage and frequency constant in spite of change of balanced/unbalanced loads. A dynamic model of the SEIG- IELC supplying different types of loads using stationary d-q axes reference frame is developed for predicting the behavior of the system under transient conditions. The simulation is carried out for compensation of balanced/unbalanced loading conditions. The simulated results show that generated frequency and voltage remain constant with change in load. The proposed IELC acts as reactive power compensator, harmonic eliminator, load balancer and load controller.
131	N. Vishwanathan, V. Ramanarayanan, "Comparison of high voltage dc power supply topologies for pulsed load applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2747- 2752 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: High voltage power supplies for radar applications are investigated, which are subjected to pulsed load (125 kHz and 10% duty cycle) with stringent specifications (<0.01% regulation, efficiency>85%, droop<0.5 V/micro-sec.). As the converter needs to be switched at much higher frequency than the pulse load frequency, transformer poses serious problems of insulation failure and higher losses. Two power converter topologies are presented, one with input voltage modulation (IVM) and the other with output voltage modulation (OVM). In each of the topologies, power conversion is done in two stages to take care of the critical aspects of the HV transformer and to satisfy all the performance specifications. Both the topologies are critically evaluated for their performance and their relative merits and demerits are discussed.
132	N. Mutoh, J. Nakashima, M. Kanesaki, "A new method to control EMI noises generated in power converters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2753- 2758 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The structure of power converters with a rectifier and an inverter is studied through simulations using the TLM (transmission-line modeling) method. The structure has the ability to prevent EMI noises from diffusing in noise sources. First, analyses regarding frequencies with EMI noises occurring by switching operations are performed using circuit parameters of an intelligent power module (IPM) composed of the power converters, which were previously measured, and then obtained results are verified by experiments. Processes in which the noise with the verified frequency diffuses into power transmission lines formed by power converters are analyzed by the EMI noise analyzing software (micro-strips) used the TLM method. On the basis of the analyzed results, structures of the power transmission lines suitable for attenuating EMI noises are proposed and these are applied to power converters formed using a multi-layer power printed board. One structure was chosen and compared with the conventional molded type one. The damping rate of the near magnetic fields was improved as much as 30 dB. Moreover, when the proposed power converter was equipped on electric vehicles (EVs), influence which the near-magnetic fields has on an approaching car was investigated in comparison with radiated EMI noises between electric vehicles (EVs) with the proposed and conventional power converters. As a result, it was proved through simulations that EVs with little electromagnetic interference would be realizable by applying the proposed structure.
133	Jae-Hyun Jeon, Tae-Jin Kim, Dae-Wook Kang, Dong-Seok Hyun, "A symmetric carrier technique of CRPWM for voltage balance method of flying capacitor multi-level inverter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2759- 2763 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a simple carrier symmetric method for the voltage balance of flying capacitors in FCMLI (flying capacitor multi-level inverter). The CRPWM (carrier-redistribution PWM) method was reported as a solution for the voltage balance but it has the drawback at the transition of voltage level. To achieve the voltage balance of flying capacitors, the utilization of each carrier must be balanced during a half-cycle of the switching period such as PSPWM (phase-shifted PWM). However, the CRPWM method causes the fluctuation of flying capacitor voltages because the balanced utilization of carriers is not achieved. Moreover, it does not consider that the load current change has an influence on flying capacitor voltages by assuming that the current flows into the load. Therefore, the charging and discharging quantity of flying capacitor voltages do not become zero during the switching period. To overcome the drawbacks of CRPWM, it is modified by the technique that carriers of each band are disposed symmetrically at every fundamental period. Firstly, the CRPWM method is reviewed and the theory on voltage balance of flying capacitors is analyzed. The proposed method is introduced and is verified through the simulation and experiment results.
134	A.R. Beig, V.T. Ranganathan, "Influence of placement of small space vectors on the performance of PWM techniques for three level inverters," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2764- 2770 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The performance of three level inverters depends on the PWM technique. The three level space vector PWM (SVPWM) has improved performance in terms of the THD and the D.C. bus mid point voltage balance compared to three level sine triangle PWM (SPWM). The objective of this paper is to study the importance of the space vectors, the influence of their placement in the switching sequence on the performance of the PWM techniques and address the basic issue of why the SVPWM has superior performance over SPWM technique. Such a basic understanding will help in designing optimal PWM with desired performance. The study has shown that the superior performance of SVPWM is because of the placement of the small space vectors as the beginning and ending vectors in each sequence, with equal dwell times. The simulation results are presented to validate the theoretical observations. The SVPWM is implemented on a general purpose DSP based digital controller and applied to constant v/f drive.
135	Wenhua Liu, Qiang Song, Qingguang Yu, Yuanhua Chen, "Analysis of high di/dt current pulses in three-level NPC inverters using series connected IGCTs and RC snubbers," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2771- 2776 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: High di/dt current pulses are harmful to the safety of IGCTs, especially to the low current conducting or freewheeling conducting IGCTs. This paper comprehensively analyzes the current pulses that flow through the inner switch of a three-level NPC inverter with series connected IGCTs and RC-snubbers. Four cases of high di/dt current pulses are addressed. The moments at which the high di/dt current pulses occur are clearly demonstrated. The value of the corresponding di/dt is estimated as well. The analysis is verified through simulation results using PSCAD/EMTDC. Based on the comprehensive analysis, the methods to handle these high di/dt current pulses are given respectively. An external re-trigger system is designed for a 6 kV/1800 kA three-level NPC inverter-fed medium voltage drive using series connected IGCTs. A more safe and reliable operation is reached for the series connected IGCTs in the three-level NPC inverter.
136	Hongyan Wang, Rongxiang Zhao, Yan Deng, Xiangning He, "Novel carrier-based PWM methods for multilevel inverter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2777- 2782 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper presents the idea of control degrees of freedom combination. Two novel carrier-based multilevel PWM methods are presented which take advantage of multiple control degrees of freedom available in multilevel inverters. The idea of control degrees of freedom combination and the validity of the PWM strategies are demonstrated by simulation and experimentation of a three-level inverter and a five-level inverter. The simulation and experimentation results indicate that the idea of control degrees of freedom combination is an important clue to realize the high performance multilevel inverter and the two PWM strategies exhibit the good harmonic characteristics or higher DC bus utilization than conventional PWM methods.
137	Hung-Phi Pham, Hoang Le-Huy, "Direct torque control with switching frequency limitation for three-level inverter-fed induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2783- 2788 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A direct torque control algorithm with limited switching frequency for three-level inverter-fed induction motors is presented. With basic direct torque control, the switching frequency is variable and depends largely on induction motor parameters and flux and torque controllers hysteresis bands. To limit the maximum switching frequency, an algorithm for the verification of power switches commutation possibility and for the selection of voltage space vector is proposed. This algorithm is verified by simulation results.
138	T.H. Lee, S.N. Huang, K.Z. Tang, K.K. Tan, A. Al Mamun, "PID control incorporating RBF-neural network for servo mechanical systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2789- 2793 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a combined control scheme, comprising of the well-known PID controller augmented with a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) for the control of servo mechanical systems. A second-order linear dominant model is considered with an unmodeled part of dynamics that is possibly nonlinear and time-varying. The PID part of the controller is designed to stabilize the dominant model. The RBFNN is used to compensate for the deviation of the system characteristics from the dominant linear model to achieve performance enhancement. The advantage of this combined control scheme is that it can cope with strong nonlinearities in the system while still using the PID control structure which is well-known to many control engineers.
139	H.C. Liaw, S.Y. Lim, W. Lin, K.K. Tan, "Robust model-reaching control of high-precision linear motion systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2794- 2799 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a robust model-reaching control method is proposed for tracking of motion trajectory in high-precision linear positioning systems. The proposed method requires only the knowledge of the estimated parameters and their corresponding bounds as well as the bound of external disturbance in the implementation. The key idea of this method lies in the specification of a desired performance model and formulation of a robust scheme for a system to drive the position tracking error to converge to zero. Experiments are conducted on a two-axis stage for tracking a specified motion trajectory. The proposed method which is easily realized, produces superior tracking ability when compared to the popular PID plus feed-forward and model-based control schemes.
140	Y. Tsuboi, O. Ono, "Applicability of DNA computing algorithm solving image recognition in intelligent visual mechanics," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2800 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: We propose an algorithm to solve image recognition problems by using stickiness of DNA molecules, and show an applicability of DNA computing in engineering research field. In normal silicon-based computer, this algorithm is not being selected because huge and parallel operations are needed. There has been a lot of processing method that several features of a model are extracted for recognizing images of it. In this paper, the features of a model for searching object construct a corresponded network. Nodes and branches in this network are encoded to DNA sequences considering complementarity of DNA, and also features of other models in search image are also encoded to them. These DNA molecules are put into hypothetical test tubes, and hybridization of DNA molecules represents where the object image exists in the several search images. DNA molecules can be used as a parallel searching computer for image recognition.
141	Y. Tipsuwan, Mo-Yuen Chow, R. Vanijjirattikhan, "An implementation of a networked PI controller over IP network," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2805- 2810 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an implementation of a networked PI controller using a gain scheduling methodology with respect to real-time IP traffic conditions. The implementation enables the existing PI controller to be used over IP networks with a general network protocol like Ethernet. This paper first describes the controller design scheme using a generalized exponential distribution traffic model. The gain scheduling technique is also explained. The detail of networked PI controller implementation based on RTLinux on an actual DC motor setup is then described. Experimental results show that the proposed implementation is feasible to improve the performance of the PI controller operated over IP networks.
142	Yi Guo, L.E. Parker, D. Jung, Zhaoyang Dong, "Performance-based rough terrain navigation for nonholonomic mobile robots," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2811- 2816 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper addresses path planning and control of mobile robots in rough terrain environments. Previous research separates path planning and control into two different problems and addresses them in different contexts. Instead, we formulate these issues in connected modules with performance requirement considerations in each module. We advocate the idea that by incorporating criterion-optimizing design in each module and organizing them in a behavior-based architecture, performance issues (e.g., robot safety, or geometric, time-based, and physics- based criteria) are adequately addressed. A feedback control strategy is used for trajectory tracking, and closed-loop stability of error dynamics is granted. Simulation results show that the trajectory controller is robust with respect to initial conditions and model uncertainties.
143	A. Tsuchiya, T. Murakami, "Characteristic analysis of feedback control system with simplified disturbance compensator," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2817- 2822 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, simplified disturbance compensator is proposed. It is the low order form of disturbance observer, and based on not acceleration but velocity. Disturbance observer is a powerful strategy to realize a robust acceleration control. However, it requires acceleration information and it is obtained by differentiation of velocity or second differentiation of position in general case, so there exits a tradeoff between the observer design and the noise sensitivity. The simplified disturbance compensator is more insensitive than observer because it is based on velocity and does not require the time differentiation. Additionally, it provides the performance of position control and load suppression equivalent to disturbance observer. Availability of the proposed method is confirmed by simulation and experimental results.
144	L.F. Wang, "Fault-tolerant design in a networked vibration control system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2823- 2828 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Rocket fairing should be able to sustain a certain level of vibration during launch process and its time in orbit. In active vibration control, actuator failures may lead to control performance deterioration or even catastrophic accidents. For this purpose, a networked vibration control system is used to ensure the reliability of rocket fairing system in the presence of actuator failures. However, in the distributed control systems, the sensors, controllers, and actuators are normally dislocated, and the control signal exchanges among them are realized via network communications. Inevitably, network-induced delay often degrades control system performance. Therefore, it is highly necessary to minimize its detrimental effects on control system performance so as to achieve more robust control authorities. This paper deals with the fault-tolerant design issues for a rocket fairing vibration control system including both actuator failure compensation and network-induced delay compensation. A Luenberger canonical form based actuator failure compensation scheme is proposed to accommodate some typical actuator failures, whose values, pattern and time instants are uncertain. A time-delay compensation scheme is then implemented to reduce damaging effects caused by the sensor-to-controller delay.
145	F. Cupertino, E. de Vanna, G. Forcella, L. Salvatore, S. Stasi, "Detection of IM broken rotor bars using MUSIC pseudo-spectrum and pattern recognition," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2829- 2834 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents some analysis techniques of the space-vector of voltages induced in the stator windings after supply disconnection, to detect broken rotor bars in squirrel cage induction machines. When the motor is disconnected from the supply no currents flow in the stator windings and the voltages measurable at its terminals are due to flux produced by rotor currents. When the rotor is healthy, the voltages measured at motor terminals are almost sinusoidal because of the symmetry of rotor windings. When there are broken rotor bars, the magneto-motive force (m.m.f.) generated by rotor windings results distorted, and some particular harmonics, contained in the voltages induced in the stator windings, increase their amplitudes. The diagnostic technique is based on monitoring these voltage harmonics by analyzing the space vector of the voltages induced in the stator windings via short-time MUSIC (STMUSIC) time-frequency pseudo-representation. The obtained results have been used to train a Kohonen neural-network that is able to automatically classify data measured on healthy and faulty induction motors.
146	B. Ayhan, Mo-Yuen Chow, H.J. Trussell, Myung-Hyun Song, "A case study on the comparison of non-parametric spectrum methods for broken rotor bar fault detection," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2835- 2840 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Broken rotor bars in an induction motor create asymmetries and result in abnormal amplitude of the sidebands around the fundamental supply frequency and its harmonics. Applying a spectrum analysis technique on motor current and inspecting the spectrum amplitudes at the broken rotor bar specific frequencies for abnormality is a well-known procedure for broken rotor bar fault detection and diagnosis. Among the spectrum analysis techniques for broken rotor bar fault detection, the fast Fourier transform (FFT) is the most widely used technique. There are other spectrum techniques, which are based on the power spectral density estimates. In this paper we compare the three well-known spectrum analysis methods: FFT, periodogram and Welch's periodogram methods according to their performance on the broken rotor bar fault detection problem. The results indicate that Welch's periodogram method has better fault discrimination capability and is more robust compared to the other two methods. A statistical hypothesis test applied to the results of the three methods depicts the comparison results quantitatively.
147	M. Parnichkun, A. Suebsomran, "Development of a medical tele-analyzer for abdominal mass analysis," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2841- 2846 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Main objective of this research is to develop a medical tele-analyzer. The developed system consists of 2 subsystems; doctor-side subsystem and patient-side subsystem. In the doctor side subsystem, an array of displacement sensor is equipped to detect movement of doctor hand and fingers. The detected information is transmitted to the patient side to be used in medical disease analysis. On the other hand, the patient-side subsystem consists of an array of displacement actuators which is used to follow displacement of doctor hand and fingers. An array of force sensors is used to detect forces between patient and the equipment. Since the analysis and control need real time operation, the desired communication channel has to be direct-line type. Not only using in medical tele-analysis, the proposed system can also be used in any tele-force-displacement controls of industrial processes.
148	D. Earle, D. Wallis, R. Wenham, "Future architecture and design trends for automotive control systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2847- 2852 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a new business model for the development of automotive control systems. The approach considers the ideas of portability, re-use and standardization of core control system functionality. The aim is to enable valuable intellectual property to be re-used in an environment that permits access to the most competitive control system components for each application. Communization of control system components and interfaces, with the utilization of highly integrated tool-chains and automatic code generation, provides a method for implementing this proposal.
149	C.S. Namuduri, M.A. Golden, J. Praeckel, "Concurrent research and development of a magnetic ride control system," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2853- 2858 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: General Motors became the first auto-manufacturer in applying magneto-rheological (MR) fluids to eliminate mechanical valves used in production controllable dampers, and achieve high performance ride and handling on its vehicles beginning with the 2002 Cadillac Seville. The successful introduction of this smart material technology into the highly demanding and cost sensitive arena of the automotive industry was made possible through a highly coordinated multi-disciplinary R&D effort at General Motors. This paper focuses only on the R&D stage of this technology development such as the MR materials selection and characterization, MR fluid-based actuator configurations for real-time suspension damping control, modeling and design optimization of the actuators and their performance prediction. Experimental results are provided to verify the predicted damping forces of the actuators based on fluid-flow models. The improvements in vehicle performance based on integrated control of the semi-active magnetic suspension actuators are also demonstrated though vehicle ride metrics test data.
150	S. Mir, M.S. Islam, Sebastian T, "Role of electronics and controls in steering systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2859- 2864 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Automotive steering systems have gone through several changes over the years since its first introduction in early 1900's. The advances in electronics, controls, and electrical machines are enabling the replacement of hydraulically assisted steering to electromechanically assisted steering. These also enabled the introduction of four-wheel steering, which gives the driver much more vehicle maneuverability and safer operation. Integration of steering and other chassis functions provides improved vehicle stability under various driving conditions. This paper discusses the role of electronics in the present and future steering systems.
151	K. Rajashekara, "Power conversion and control strategies for fuel cell vehicles," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2865- 2870 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: With the requirements for reducing the emissions and improving the fuel economy, the automotive companies are developing fuel cell systems for propulsion and for on-board power generation. Power electronics is an enabling technology for the development of environmental friendly fuel cell vehicles, and to implement the various vehicle electrical architectures to obtain the best performance. In this paper, power conversion strategies for propulsion and auxiliary power unit applications are described. The requirements of the propulsion system, power electronics, and control for the successful development of the fuel cell vehicles are also presented.
152	N.H. Fuengwarodsakul, R.W. De Doncker, R.B. Inderka, "Simulation model of a switched reluctance drive in 42 V application," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2871- 2876 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In modeling switched reluctance drives for low-voltage applications, an accurate converter model is mandatory. The voltage drop across the semiconductor devices is significant in comparison to the available dc-bus voltage and must be taken into account. Furthermore, in 42 V applications, in which batteries are utilized as the energy source, the dc-bus voltage extremely fluctuates due to the load-dependent behavior of batteries. Therefore, the battery behavior should be also regarded in the drive system model. This paper presents the modeling of a switched reluctance drive for 42 V application regarding behavior of the converter as well as the energy source. The entire switched reluctance drive system is modeled in a single simulation platform MATLAB/Simulink. The model accuracy is verified by the experimental results presented at the end of the paper.
153	A. Fratta, P. Casasso, G. Griffero, P. Guglielmi, S. Nieddu, G.M. Pellegrino, "New design concepts and realisation of hybrid DC/DC coupling reactors for light EVs," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2877- 2882 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Light-power applications of the cascaded DC/DC/AC power conversion structure are considered, with reference to a new EV scooter traction AC drive. The development of the coupling integrated T+L reactor is a key point for this low-power range, concerning all efficiency, weight size and cost items. On the basis of established knowledge in medium-power applications, a new arrangement of windings and cores is presented for the first time, together with suitable electromagnetic model for design. A novel approach for forced air-cooling design is presented accordingly, together with accurate experimental verifications of the windings thermal properties in the resulting arrangement.
154	P. Guglielmi, G.M. Pellegrino, G. Griffero, S. Nieddu, N.G. Giraudo, A. Vagati, "Power conversion concepts for advanced autonomy and reliability electric scooter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2883- 2888 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel conversion system has been developed for a medium size electric scooter. Particular attention has been paid to batteries size optimization, to minimize drawbacks on scooter weight for given autonomy, analogous to that of a combustion engine competitor. High-performance power conversion structures and management strategies have been adopted according to, and full exploitation of high-energy density Li-Ion cells has been reached. Safety and mobility guarantee against eventual cells collapse have been faced both in terms of mechanical bounding and fault by-pass. Plug-in PFC battery charge make the proposed conversion system a completely standalone solution for light EV traction.
155	M. Ortuzar, J. Dixon, J. Moreno, "Design, construction and performance of a buck-boost converter for an ultracapacitor-based auxiliary energy system for electric vehicles," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2889- 2894 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes step by step the process of designing, constructing and testing a bidirectional buck-boost converter. This converter is conceiving to be used as a controlled energy-transfer-equipment between the main energy source of an electric vehicle (a battery pack in this case) and an auxiliary energy system based on ultracapacitors. The converter is able to transfer energy in both directions, at rates of more than 40 kW. The battery pack's nominal voltage is 330 V, while the ultracapacitor's voltage depends on their state of charge (SOC), ranging from 100 V to 300 V. Equations governing current transfer and current ripple are analyzed. These equations will be used as guidelines for the control system design and smoothing inductor size requirement. The topology used is a buck-boost configuration. Special care had to be taken in designing the smoothing inductor and managing thermal loses, for these are critical to the overall performance. The inductor constructed, rating l.5 mH, is capable of transferring 200 A for several minutes with low loses and no core saturation (air core was used). A special water-cooled heatsink was designed and constructed, with a very low volume of less than 900 cc and a thermal resistance of less than 0.011/spl deg/C/W. The control system was implemented on a TMS320F241 DSP from Texas Instruments, which consists in two control loops. The first one controls the converter's current, using as a reference the value obtained from the second loop, which controls the ultracapacitors state of charge (SOC). Criteria ruling this second loop are not discussed in this paper. Finally, some experimental results of the overall system are displayed.
156	M.C. Di Piazza, A. Ragusa, G. Tine, G. Vitale, "Conducted and radiated emissions in distributed automotive dual voltage vehicle electrical systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2895- 2900 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper a study on conducted and radiated emissions in new dual voltage (14 V/42 V) automotive electrical systems is presented. The experimental investigations reported in this paper have the objective of finding out the main characteristics of the involved electromagnetic phenomena taking into account the final application of the drive in the automotive environment. The investigation is particularly focused on an electrical drive loading distributed electrical architecture, where diffused DC/DC power conversion is needed. The DC electrical drive, designed and realized in a prototypical form, is devoted to fuel pumping and it is formed by a 14 V DC motor and a DC/DC power converter from 42 V to 14 V. Suitable experimental measurement systems have been set up to measure electromagnetic conducted disturbances on 42 V vehicle power net and radiated emissions. A theoretic and experimental study on different solutions using different switching frequencies of DC/DC converter has been made in order to define the best compromise between the mitigation of electromagnetic emissions and the resulting reduction of filters size. On the basis of the obtained results suitable modelling, designing criteria and useful information for developing dedicated technical standards for the new dual voltage vehicle distributed electrical architecture are proposed.
157	Jiang Yanshu, Xu Dianguo, Chen Xiyou, "A novel inverter output dv/dt suppression filter," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2901- 2905 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel inverter output dv/dt suppression filter, which can not only reduce differential-mode dv/dt but also suppress common-mode voltage, is proposed. The filter consists of a LC low-pass filter and a common-mode transformer in series. Its main characteristics are the integration of two kinds of filter operations and simple in structure and design. Analysis, simulation and experimental methods are used respectively to indicate that common-mode voltage are suppressed largely under the condition of satisfying the demand of differential-mode dv/dt filtering which can make differential mode voltage sinusoidal. All these can contribute to prolong the electric life of the motor. Common-mode equivalent circuit of the filter are also illustrated and analyzed in detail. Some design considerations are also given in the paper. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify its viability and effectiveness in eliminating common-mode voltage and differential-mode dv/dt.
158	A. Jangwanitlert, J.C. Balda, K.J. Olejniczak, "Analysis of conducted EMI emissions on a soft-switched full bridge dc-dc converter with a fixed switching frequency," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2906- 2910 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a comparative study between a soft-switched full bridge DC-DC converter using phase-shifted pulse-width-modulation (PSFB-PWM) and another one with PWM control without phase-shifted strategy. The converter using phase-shifted control achieves zero-voltage and zero-current switching (ZVZCS), whereas the other without using phase-shifted control achieves ZVS. The paper describes the operating characteristics and analyzes the performance of both circuits, includes a comparison of conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) emissions from both converters, and provides experimental results that are in good agreement with the theoretical ones.
159	M. Yoshida, Y. Fujii, E. Hiraki, M. Nakaoka, "Electromagnetic noises and efficiency evaluations of three-phase ZVS-PWM inverter with new resonant AC link snubbers," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2911- 2916 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel prototype of three-phase voltage source type zero voltage soft-switching (ZVS) inverter using the main and auxiliary IGBT power module packages in order to reduce their switching power losses as well as electro-magnetic conductive and radiative noises. A single inductor-based resonant AC link snubber circuit specified as one of auxiliary resonant commutation snubbers to achieve the ZVS for the three-phase voltage source type inverter operating under a principle of specific instantaneous space voltage vector sinewave modulation is originally demonstrated as compared with the other types of resonant AC link snubber circuit topologies. In addition to this, its operation principle and unique features are described in this paper. The practical basic operating performances of the new conceptual instantaneous space voltage vector modulated three-phase voltage source soft-switching inverter are evaluated and discussed on the basis of waveforms quality evaluations on the output line to line voltage, power loss analysis, power conversion efficiency and electromagnetic conductive and radiative noise from an experimental point of view, comparing with three-phase voltage source hard-switching inverter.
160	A.F. Moreira, P.M. Santos, T.A. Lipo, G. Venkataramanan, "Filter networks for long cable drives and their influence on motor voltage distribution and common-mode currents," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2917- 2922 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Filter networks for long cable drives have been studied in the last decade to solve the over-voltage problem at the motor terminals. However, little research has been dedicated to analyze their influence on the voltage distribution in the motor stator winding and on the circulation of the common-mode currents. In this paper, the project of dv/dt filters through simulation and analysis from previous works is extended including the motor voltage distribution and common-mode current analysis. Simulation and experimental results are presented demonstrating the usefulness of the filter networks on the motor over-voltage mitigation. Three filter topologies is discussed and compared here: RLC filter at the motor terminals, RLC Filter at the inverter output and reactor filter, which is extensively used in the industry. Simulation and experimental results demonstrates that the RLC Filter at the inverter output is the most interesting solution among the main types of passive filter networks.
161	A. Cichowski, J. Nieznanski, M. Wolejko, A. Wojewodka, "Shaping the SPL spectra of the acoustic noise emitted by inverter-fed induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2923- 2928 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Acoustic noise emissions from PWM-VSI driven induction motors is a serious environmental problem. This paper reports on a novel approach to alleviating this problem by influencing the spectra of the sound pressure level (SPL) of the emitted noise. The main objective of the method is a reduction of the effect of mechanical resonances on the resultant SPL spectra. In the first step, the resonances are being identified by using a random pulse width modulation (RPWM) with a uniform probability density function (PDF) of the carrier frequency or, alternatively, by using the sigma-delta modulation (SDM); in the latter case, the current spectrum is inherently flat. Then, the target PDF is being constructed so as to account for the machine properties (notably by avoiding mechanical resonances). The initial results obtained using this approach are promising, particularly in terms of lower acoustic power concentrated in the vicinity of resonance frequencies (as compared to the case of uniform PDF). The resultant noise profile is less annoying to the human ear. Moreover, the total SPL can also be reduced.
162	Yaoping Liu, K. Smedley, "Control of a dual boost power factor corrector for high power applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2929- 2932 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper presents a power factor correction (PFC) method for a dual boost converter based on one cycle control. The topology features one combined rectification and PFC stage for reduced conduction losses and two separate switches for the positive and negative half line cycles operation for reduced junction heating. This topology is very suitable for higher power (1 kW or above) applications. The controller uses the one cycle control core, an integrator with reset along with a few digital and analog components, to realize PFC modulation, thus it is simple and reliable. Stability analysis and steady state design are detailed in the paper. A 1 kW PFC rectifier prototype was built and some experimental results are provided in the paper.
163	V. Anunciada, H. Ribeiro, "Single stage AC/DC converter with input power factor correction," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2933- 2938 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The full-bridge converter with isolation transformer is the preferred topology for medium and high power SMPS. A simple topology modification, i.e. the addition of two input inductors, and appropriate control methods permit to control simultaneously and accurately the output voltage and the input current, performing a new single stage SMPS. The circuit behaviour is strongly dependent on the output power level, as occurs with almost all single stage converters with power factor correction. In light load conditions, the voltage in the storage capacitor remains uncontrollable, even if an highly distorted input current is acceptable. This fact limits the use of those converters to some few applications where the ratio "nominal output power / minimum output power" is small, or when the converter can be switched off when the capacitor voltage is excessive. A different solution is presented in this paper that consists in the addition of a static input switch, obtained by the replacement of two diodes in the input bridge rectifier by a pair of thyristors. Switching times are an integer number of periods and flickering is avoided by the use of a random control of the input switch.
164	Sangshin Kwak, H.A. Toliyat, "An approach for matrix converter based induction motor drive with unity power factor and minimum switching losses," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2939- 2944 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A matrix converter is a direct ac/ac power converter with sinusoidal input currents and no bulky de-link capacitor. With these features, it offers remarkable advantages over other alternatives in applications requiring improved utility interaction and critical weight/volume reduction. Lately, the indirect matrix converter topologies have been investigated, leading to a possibility of a reduced switch number and a multi-drive application. However, due to off-line input current regulations of the matrix converter, input displacement power factor varies with the LC input filter and load condition. This fact yields non-unity displacement power factor and increased switching losses. In this paper, a novel on-line input current control strategy is proposed based on a closed-loop control in the synchronous reference frame. The approach allows independent control of the two input current components (active and reactive), yielding zero reactive components. In addition, this paper shows the indirect matrix converter has minimum switching losses with the input currents in phase with the input voltages by specifying a relationship of input current phase angle and the switching losses in semiconductors. Simulation results are presented for the feasibility of the proposed technique and the experimental results are in progress.
165	H. Shirai, M. Nakaoka, K. Yasui, T. Kitaizumi, H. Yamashita, H. Omori, "High frequency transformer linked direct high frequency soft switching inverter type AC-DC power converter with boost function for consumer magnetron drive," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2945- 2950 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The oscillation cut-off voltage (Ebm) is an important parameter of the characteristic constant of a high power magnetron. When Ebm could be made high, it serves so as to improve the power converter efficiency of a magnetron. Thus, the newly developed magnetron with 7% higher oscillation cut-off voltage than the present conventional one is manufactured by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Ltd,.In addition to this, the utility AC power line current reduced harmonic type direct inverter AC-DC power converter suitable and acceptable for driving this magnetron is proposed in this paper. This direct high frequency inverter type soft switching PWM AC-DC converter has the voltage-boost function based on active clamp scheme with soft switching pulse modulation strategy topology. This paper describes a novel type active clamp AC-DC power converter circuit defined as direct high frequency inverter and the switching operation of this power converter is described and discussed on the basis of simulation and experimental results. The operating characteristics of this soft switching direct high frequency inverter type AC-DC power converter using IGBTs that incorporates the harmonic current improvement as well as power factor correction are evaluated and discussed from a practical point of view as compared with the conventional AC-DC power converter [E. Miyata, et al., 2000].
166	H. Zhu, S. Ragon, D.K. Lindner, M.M. Abdalla, O. Seresta, Z. Gurdal, "Optimization of driving amplifiers for smart actuators using genetic algorithm," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2951- 2956 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A high-efficiency low-profile driving amplifier for smart actuators is essential for portable actuator devices. In this paper, an optimized design of a half-bridge switching circuit to drive smart actuators is described. A genetic algorithm, which is well suited for solving the discrete optimization problem, is applied to the traditional circuit design to make it smaller and more efficient. The calculation of the power dissipation of the MOSFET is a prerequisite for obtaining realistic designs. The results of the optimization procedure are summarized.
167	N.A. Losic, "A quadrature-based phase-locked loop," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2957- 2962 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A method of synthesizing quadrature-based phase-locked loop is presented. The method is based on a quadrature-signals principle wherein the detector output contains only phase/frequency difference, which, in the form of an error signal, is applied to the loop filter. This is in contrast to the error signal of a standard phase-locked loop comprising both the sum and the difference of the input and output respective phases/frequencies. The quadrature-based phase-locked loop imposes less requirements on the loop filter making it feasible to acquire and maintain the lock using the filter of the smaller order, with less stability problems.
168	Jung-Han Kim, Jeong-Ho Cho, Sang-Ku Lee, "A design of hybrid contact detection algorithm for wire bonder machine," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2963- 2967 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a design of hybrid contact detection algorithm of bonding tip in gold wire bonding process. It contains a hybrid design of detection algorithm for capillary contact on pad or lead in the wire bonding process in semiconductor assembly process. The proposed algorithm utilizes both signals of encoder and piezo force sensor that attached on transducer horn holder of z-axis for contact detection. Following sections show a systematic approach to the hybrid design of touch detection algorithm for faster contact detection, which makes it possible to make ultra fine pitch gold wire bonding below 40 um pad pitch with high productivity. The hybrid detection algorithm shows fast and stable performances in wide area of contact searching velocity of bonding tool tip. Real wire bonding experimental results are presented to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed algorithm.
169	B.C. Barnes, R.B. Wells, "A versatile pulse-mode biomimic artificial neuron using a capacitor-free integrate-and-fire technique," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2968- 2972 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A biomimic artificial neuron design with Schmitt trigger action potential pulsed outputs, independent excitatory and inhibitory pulsed inputs, and modulatory pulse width control is presented. The neuron is suitable for use in pulse-coded neural network applications.
170	N.A. Losic, "Zero-order three-phase phase-locked loops," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2973- 2978 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A method of minimizing dynamics and reducing phase error towards zero for arbitrary input frequency/phase while maintaining stability in three-phase phase-locked loops is presented. Theoretically, the system transfer function becomes of zero order and the error is zero. Practically, the steady state phase error is zero and the system is of minimum dynamics/order. The method is in synthesizing a feedforward control that is added to the standard three-phase phase-locked loop. The feedforward comprises an inverse feedforward control principle relative to the part of the feedback loop seen after the summing junction.
171	D. Iannuzzi, R. Rizzo, "Disturbance observer for dynamic estimation of friction force in railway traction systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2979- 2982 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Nowadays locomotives for high speed trains are characterized by high specific power. Particularly in this case, when the adhesion force coefficient between rail and driving wheel suddenly decreases, slip phenomena occur. This is because the adhesion coefficient between the wheels and rails has a peak at certain slip velocity. As the adhesive force changes in specific rail condition, the driving wheels of the locomotive suddenly slip. In order to realize a stable and robust anti-slip control system, in case of large variation of the adhesion force coefficient, this paper proposes a new first disturbance observer for a dynamic estimation of the friction force. The observer is carried out by means of the mathematical model of the mechanical structure of the transmission unit, taking into account the elastic couplings between the wheel-set and the electrical motor. In the final part of the paper numerical simulation results are presented to confirm the stability and robustness of the proposed observer.
172	Weizhe Qian, J.X. Xu, S.K. Panda, "Periodic torque ripples minimization in PMSM using learning variable structure control based on a torque observer," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2983- 2988 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: PM synchronous motor drives are widely used for high-performance industrial servo applications where torque smoothness is an essential requirement. However, parasitic torque pulsations do exist in PMSM drive due to non-perfect sinusoidal flux distribution, cogging torque and current measurement errors. A consequence of these torque ripples is speed oscillation that deteriorates the drive performance particularly at low speeds. In this paper, we propose a simple plug-in learning variable structure control (LVSC) scheme for generating a compensation reference current to improve the steady-state torque and hence the speed responses. A torque observer is designed to estimate the instantaneous motor torque, which can be used as the feedback of the proposed LVSC scheme. Extensive experimental investigations have been carried out in order to evaluate the performance of the scheme. Test results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in reducing torque ripples significantly.
173	A.V. Topalov, O. Kaynak, N.G. Shakev, "Variable structure systems approach for on-line learning in multilayer artificial neural networks," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2989- 2994 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new sliding mode control approach is proposed for on-line learning in multilayer feedforward neural networks having scalar output. Such neural structures are commonly used for on-line modeling, identification and adaptive control purposes in case variations in process dynamics or in disturbance characteristics are present. The network weights are assumed to have capabilities for continuous time adaptation. The zero level set of the learning error variable is considered as a sliding surface in the learning parameters space. The proposed approach represents a simple, yet robust, mechanism for guaranteeing finite time reachability of zero learning error condition. Results from simulation experiments related to the application of the proposed learning algorithm for neural on-line identification of manipulator dynamics are presented. They show that the neural model inherits some of the advantages of the sliding mode control approach, such as high speed of learning and robustness.
174	Zhihong Man, Xinghuo Yu, Xiaojiang Zhang, Shiyu Gao, "A new dynamical fuzzy modeling and control for SISO complex systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 2995- 3000 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we propose a new dynamical fuzzy modeling technique for SISO complex systems. It is seen that, the whole state-space of a complex system is divided into subspaces and a linear time-invariant (LTI) model is then used to approximate the complex system in each subspace. However, the global dynamical fuzzy model of the complex system is derived by aggregating all subsystem poles and zeros using the weighted average fuzzy inference approach instead of aggregating all subsystem parameter matrices. The motivation of such a modeling technique is to make the system and its global dynamical fuzzy model have the same stability property. The eigenstructure-assignment for linear time varying (LTV) systems and sliding mode control technique is then used to design a controller to stabilize the new global dynamical fuzzy system. A simulation example is given in support of the new dynamical fuzzy modeling and control.
175	Shuanghe Yu, Xinghuo Yu, M.O. Efe, "Modeling-error based adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control for trajectory-tracking of nonlinear systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 3001- 3006 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel adaptive fuzzy sliding mode control design is developed for trajectory tracking of a class of nonlinear systems in this paper. This control design uses the modelling error to adaptively estimate the deterministic uncertainties as well as the control gain based on the fuzzy systems approach. By this design, the bounds of the uncertainties are not required to be known in advance, and the robust stability of closed loop systems is analysed in the Lyapunov sense. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the improved performance.
176	R.A. Felix, E.N. Sanchez, A.G. Loukianov, "Neural block control with input constraints for induction motors," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 3007- 3012 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper we present a novel approach to control induction motor, considering the switching nature of their electrical drivers. Modifying published results for nonlinear identification using dynamic neural networks, we propose a neural network identifier. The controller is derived using the neural block control technique and sliding modes control. Such control law is a discontinuous one, which just takes values from the look-up table given by the inverter circuit connected to the stator windings, This control strategy is motivated by the wearing that suffer the switching electronic devices, when a PWM approach is used at high frequency operation.
177	P. Vijayraghavan, R. Krishnan, "Front-end buck converter topology for SRM drives - design and control," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 3013- 3018 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The design and control of a front-end buck converter based topology switched reluctance motors (SRM) are proposed in this paper. It has the advantages of minimum number of power switching devices, equal voltage rating for all the switching devices and variable dc link voltage for application to the motor. The operational characteristics of this converter-driven SRM drive are derived for four-quadrant performance. The feasibility of the proposed converter topology for the four-quadrant SRM drive system is validated by extensive dynamic simulation and experimental results of the motor drive system. The merits and demerits of the converter are given.
178	B.K. Bose, "Technology advancement and trends in power electronics," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 3019- 3020 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Power electronics play a significantly important role in global industrialization and energy conservation trends of the 21/sup st/ century. The premier role of power electronics is inevitable in the energy and motion control systems of highly automated industries. The environmental pollution problems of fossil fuels and safety problems of nuclear plants are now major concerns in our society. Due to increasing cost of energy and environmental problems, energy conservation by improved utilization efficiency with widespread applications of power electronics is inevitable. This article presents the technology advancement and performance improvement in power electronics.
179	Jie Chang, "Advancement and trends of power electronics for industrial applications," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 3021- 3022 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Power electronics has become an indispensable core technology in supporting modern industry and improving our living standards. This article shows the benefits of the power electronics for the society. Also, advancement and trends of power electronics for industrial applications are shown.
180	J.C. Moreira, "Evolution and future of power electronics applications in home appliances (IECON panel discussion)," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 3023- 3024 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This article shows the opportunities for application of power electronics in the household industry. Advanced power control would bring many features to products and benefits to consumers. The financial benefits will be tremendous for those who succeed in developing and applying solutions that meet the needs of the industry.
181	Jih-Sheng Lai, "Power electronics applications in renewable energy systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 3025- 3026 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Power electronics technologies have been widely used in renewable energy systems. These energy resources require certain type of power electronic technology to make them in useful formats either through "rotational" or "stationary" power conversions. Most renewable energy resources tend to be geographical dependent and clustered in certain areas due to availability of natural resources. This article shows the different types of energy resources and the application of power electronics in different energy resources.
182	L. Moran, "Power electronics applications in utility systems," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 3027- 3028 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This article shows the application of power electronics in the operation of power systems. Major changes associated with the operation of power systems are related with deregulation and power quality. The main objective of deregulation is to facilitate the development of a competitive electricity market. The main economic emphasis of a competitive market is to reduce the cost of electricity. A competitive market allows users to select the utility company or generator that will provide the electric power supply. This is normally done based on the price and quality of service. The quality of service is basically a power quality problem, which is basically a technical issue while deregulation deals with the operation mode and principles of the complete power system. This article presents two new concepts that provide technical solutions to the new challenges imposed in power systems. These concepts are the flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) and the flexible, reliable and intelligent electric energy delivery system (FRIENDS). The implementation of these two new concepts in power system requires the development of high power compensators and controllers.
183	K. Rajashekara, "Power electronics applications in electric/hybrid vehicles," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 3029- 3030 Vol.3, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Power electronics is an enabling technology for the development of cleaner, fuel efficient, and 42 V architecture based vehicles. In electric, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles, the challenges are to have a high efficient, rugged, small size and low cost inverter and the associated electronics for controlling a three phase electric machine. In addition to the power electronics, the technology of the electric motor plays a major role in the dynamics of the vehicles and the type of the power converter required for the controlling the vehicle operating characteristics. The power electronic system should be efficient to improve the range and performance of the electric vehicles, and fuel economy in hybrid vehicles. This article shows the challenges of the automotive environment to overcome and new developments from device level to system level.
184	"Author index," Industrial Electronics Society Annual Conference, Vol.3 , pp. 3031- 3046, 2-6 Nov. 2003. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Not Available